固定代码

Question

使用GMail API Example: Send Mail中的示例代码，并在遵循身份验证规则后，通过gmail帐户发送以编程方式生成的电子邮件非常简单。从示例中可以明显看出，如何将该电子邮件设置为HTML格式。

问题

如何使用python在我的gmail-api发送消息中获取HTML格式？

我有这个......

message_body = "Hello!\nYou've just received a test message!\n\nSincerely,\n-Test Message Generator\n"

我希望它是这个......

Hello!
You've just received a test message!

Sincerely,
-Test Message Generator

来自GMail-API的示例源代码

以下是该示例的略微修改版本，但仍然有效：

import argparse
import base64
from pprint import pformat
from pprint import pprint
import httplib2
import os
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText

from apiclient import discovery
from oauth2client import client
from oauth2client import tools
from oauth2client.file import Storage


SCOPES = 'https://mail.google.com/'
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = 'client_secret.json'
APPLICATION_NAME = 'Test EMail App'


def get_credentials():
    """Gets valid user credentials from storage.

    If nothing has been stored, or if the stored credentials are invalid,
    the OAuth2 flow is completed to obtain the new credentials.

    Returns:
        Credentials, the obtained credential.
    """

    home_dir = os.path.expanduser('~')
    credential_dir = os.path.join(home_dir, '.credentials')
    if not os.path.exists(credential_dir):
        os.makedirs(credential_dir)
    credential_path = os.path.join(credential_dir,
                                   'gmail-python-quickstart.json')

    store = Storage(credential_path)
    credentials = store.get()
    if not credentials or credentials.invalid:
        flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets(CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES)
        flow.user_agent = APPLICATION_NAME
        if flags:
            credentials = tools.run_flow(flow, store, flags)
        else: # Needed only for compatibility with Python 2.6
            credentials = tools.run(flow, store)
        print('Storing credentials to ' + credential_path)
    return credentials

def create_message(sender, to, cc, subject, message_text):
    """Create a message for an email.

    Args:
    sender: Email address of the sender.
    to: Email address of the receiver.
    subject: The subject of the email message.
    message_text: The text of the email message.

    Returns:
    An object containing a base64url encoded email object.
    """
    print(sender + ', ' + to + ', ' + subject + ', ' + message_text)
    message = MIMEText(message_text)
    message['to'] = to
    message['from'] = sender
    message['subject'] = subject
    message['cc'] = cc
    pprint(message)
    return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}

def send_message(service, user_id, message_in):
    """Send an email message.

    Args:
    service: Authorized Gmail API service instance.
    user_id: User's email address. The special value "me"
    can be used to indicate the authenticated user.
    message: Message to be sent.

    Returns:
    Sent Message.
    """
    pprint(message_in)
    try:
        message = (service.users().messages().send(userId=user_id, body=message_in).execute())
        pprint(message)
        print ('Message Id: %s' % message['id'])
        return message
    except errors.HttpError, error:
        print ('An error occurred: %s' % error)

def main(cli):
    """Shows basic usage of the Gmail API.

    Creates a Gmail API service object and outputs a list of label names
    of the user's Gmail account.
    """


    credentials = get_credentials()
    http = credentials.authorize(httplib2.Http())
    service = discovery.build('gmail', 'v1', http=http)

    email_msg = create_message(cli.addr_from, cli.addr_to, cli.addr_cc, cli.subject, cli.message)
    msg_out = service.users().messages().send(userId = 'me', body = email_msg).execute()
    pprint(msg_out)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-m', '--message',   help = 'The message to send in the email', default='<MESSAGE = unfinished>')
    parser.add_argument('-t', '--addr_to',   help = 'the list of comma separated emails to send', default='cbsd.tools@gmail.com')
    parser.add_argument('-s', '--subject',   help = 'the email subject', default='<SUBJECT = undefined>')
    parser.add_argument('-c', '--addr_cc',   help = 'email CC\'s', default='')
    parser.add_argument('-f', '--addr_from', help = 'Email address to send from', default='cbsd.tools@gmail.com')
    cli = parser.parse_args()
    pprint(dir(cli))

    main(cli)

尽可能地尝试使用此代码及其变体，我无法获得html格式的代码，也无法获得简单的转义字符来创建回车所需的位置。

这里没有什么工作

尝试以下方法无效：

修改line 69以添加其他消息字典参数...即。
- {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string()), 'payload': {'mimeType': 'text/html'}}
- 正如GMail API Docs
在消息文本中添加各种转义反斜杠：
- \n ...即：\\n或\\\n，只是呈现为那些确切的字符
- 添加<br> </br> <br/>没有添加新行，只是呈现为那些确切的字符
- 添加\r没有添加新行，只是呈现为确切的字符

这不是重复问题的原因

This SO link deals with multipart/signed messages
- 我对多部分消息不感兴趣，因为它是一个不优雅的解决方案。我希望WHOLE消息为HTML。
- 此外，此链接没有被接受的答案，并且一个答案是无答案，因为它只是表明他们正在向Google发送问题声明。
这个是关于c＃的，我不感兴趣，因为我在python中写作
- This one also uses SMTP which I'm not interested in
This one is for Rails

Answer 1

经过大量的挖掘后，我开始查看消息处理的python方面，并注意到python对象实际上构建了要将base64编码发送到gmail-api消息对象构造函数的消息。

见上文第63行：message = MIMEText(message_text)

最终为我工作的一个技巧，在所有修改标头值和有效负载dict（它是message对象的成员）的尝试之后，是设置（ line 63）：

message = MIMEText(message_text, 'html')＆lt; - 添加'html'作为MIMEText对象构造函数的第二个参数

Google 为其gmail API提供的默认代码仅告诉您如何发送纯文本电子邮件，但它们隐藏了他们如何执行此操作。翼... message = MIMEText(message_text)

我必须查找python类email.mime.text.MIMEText对象。您将看到MIMEText对象的构造函数的定义：

class email.mime.text.MIMEText（_text [，_ subtype [，_ charset]]）我们希望明确地将值传递给_subtype。在这种情况下，我们希望将'html'作为_subtype传递。

现在，Google，或者Python mime.text.MIMEText对象

对您的邮件不再有意外的自动换行

固定代码

def create_message(sender, to, cc, subject, message_text):
    """Create a message for an email.

    Args:
    sender: Email address of the sender.
    to: Email address of the receiver.
    subject: The subject of the email message.
    message_text: The text of the email message.

    Returns:
    An object containing a base64url encoded email object.
    """
    print(sender + ', ' + to + ', ' + subject + ', ' + message_text)
    message = MIMEText(message_text,'html')
    message['to'] = to
    message['from'] = sender
    message['subject'] = subject
    message['cc'] = cc
    pprint(message)
    return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}

Answer 2

试试这个：

    def CreateMessage(emailSubject, emailTo, emailFrom, message_body, emailCc, html_content=None):
        try:
            message = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
            message['to'] = emailTo
            message['from'] = emailFrom
            message['subject'] = emailSubject
            message['Cc'] = emailCc
            body_mime = MIMEText(message_body, 'plain')
            message.attach(body_mime)
            if html_content:
                html_mime = MIMEText(html_content, 'html')
                message.attach(html_mime)
            return {
                'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(
                    bytes(
                        message.as_string(),
                        "utf-8")).decode("utf-8")}
        except Exception as e:
            print('Error in CreateMessage()', e)
            return '400'

如何通过gmail-api for python

问题

我有这个......

我希望它是这个......

来自GMail-API的示例源代码

这里没有什么工作

这不是重复问题的原因

2 个答案:

固定代码