Question

我有两个类，我想要从另一个类继承。这两个类已经定义了def __init__。现在，我希望这两个类继承一个需要一系列参数（参数）的方法。但是在应该继承的2个类中，def __init__会被覆盖。

我该如何解决这个问题？我阅读了Python与def __init__中的构造函数。我可以为该方法创建一个自定义构造函数吗？我在课堂上很新。

编辑：

这是我正在尝试的内容。这是一个GUI项目。这是主要的课程：

class Error:
    def __init__(self, check0, check1, check2, check3, check4, check5, check6, check7, check8, check9, check10, check11,
                    check12, check13, check14, check15):
        self.check0 = check0
        self.check1 = check1
        self.check2 = check2
        self.check3 = check3
        self.check4 = check4
        self.check5 = check5
        self.check6 = check6
        self.check7 = check7
        self.check8 = check8
        self.check9 = check9
        self.check10 = check10
        self.check11 = check11
        self.check12 = check12
        self.check13 = check13
        self.check14 = check14
        self.check15 = check15

    def feedbackOnError(self):
        feedback = ''
        global feedback

        if self.check0 == False:
            feedback0 = "You didn't provide a name and/or mail"
            feedback = feedback0

        if self.check3 == False:
            feedback3 = "You didn't provide a valid year (you used over 4 digits or none)"
            feedback = feedback3

        if self.check4 == False:
            feedback4 = "You didn't provide a valid year (you used letters)"
            feedback = feedback4

        if self.check5 == False:
            feedback5 = "You didn't provide a valid month (you used over 2 digits or none)"
            feedback = feedback5

        if self.check6 == False:
            feedback6 = "You didn't provide a valid month (you used letters)"
            feedback = feedback6

        if self.check7 == False:
            feedback7 = "You didn't provide a valid month (you used a number above 12)"
            feedback = feedback7

        if self.check8 == False:
            feedback8 = "You didn't provide a valid month '00' is not a month)"
            feedback = feedback8

        if self.check9 == False:
            feedback9 = "You didn't provide a valid day (you used letters)"
            feedback = feedback9

        if self.check10 == False:
            feedback10 = "You didn't provide a valid day '00' is not a day)"
            feedback = feedback10

        if self.check11 == False:
            feedback11 = "You didn't provide a valid day (you used a number above 31)"
            feedback = feedback11

        if self.check12 == False:
            feedback12 = "You didn't provide a valid day (you used over 2 digits or none)"
            feedback = feedback12

        if self.check13 == False:
            feedback13 = "Your month doesn't match up with your day (February has 29 during leap year)"
            feedback = feedback13

        if self.check14 == False:
            feedback14 = "Your month doesn't match up with your day (February has 28 during normal years)"
            feedback = feedback14

        if self.check15 == False:
            feedback15 = "Your chosen month and day don't match up (You used '31' for a month with only 30)"
            feedback = feedback15

        if self.check1 == False:
            feedback1 = "You used characters that are not permitted: \n / ' * \\ _ > < [ ] ( ) | + { } % & ! \" # = ? ^ ~ . , ; :"
            feedback = feedback1

        if self.check2 == False:
            feedback2 = "You used characters that are not permitted: \n / ' * \\ _ > < [ ] ( ) | + { } % & ! \" # = ? ^ ~ . , ; :"
            feedback = feedback2

这是我想要继承主类的类：

class AddDialog(sized_controls.SizedDialog, Error):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(AddDialog, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)


class EditDialog(sized_controls.SizedDialog, Error):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(EditDialog, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Answer 1

问题似乎是你只执行了你拥有的两个基类__init__方法之一，但你想传递参数并调用它们。

super将只显示方法解析顺序（MRO）中首先出现的方法，因此您必须至少调用其中一个__init__ s“手动”。您还必须决定派生__init__的哪些参数去哪里，因为您必须传入两组参数。为了这个例子，我假装错误只需要三个必需的位置参数（check0，check1和check2）：

class AddDialog(sized_controls.SizedDialog, Error):
    def __init__(self, check0, check1, check2, *args, **kwargs):
        Error.__init__(self, check0, check1, check2)
        SizedDialog.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

在相关的说明中，我建议您重构代码以使用列表，因为老实说，16个参数是荒谬的。使用*args，您可以避免重构太多额外的代码：

class Error:
    feedback_strings = [
        "You didn't provide a name and/or mail",
        "You used characters that are not permitted: \n / ' * \\ _ > < [ ] ( ) | + { } % & ! \" # = ? ^ ~ . , ; :",
        "You used characters that are not permitted: \n / ' * \\ _ > < [ ] ( ) | + { } % & ! \" # = ? ^ ~ . , ; :",
        "You didn't provide a valid year (you used over 4 digits or none)",
        "You didn't provide a valid year (you used letters)",
        # You get the idea...
    ]

    def __init__(self, *checks):
        if len(checks) != 16:
            raise ValueError('16 positional arguments are required')
        self.checks = [bool(x) for x in checks]

    def feedbackOnError(self):
        for index, check in enumerate(self.checks):
            if not check:
                return self.feedback_strings[index]

此代码比现有代码短10倍，易于维护且易于阅读。我还建议从反馈函数返回一个值，而不是设置一个全局变量。全局变量方法是一个非常糟糕的主意，因为你真的不知道谁会修改它。

继承： init覆盖

1 个答案:

继承：__ init__覆盖

1 个答案:

继承： init覆盖