我正在使用3层：服务，业务和持久性。我想测试每一层。因此，我使用我的测试文件创建了一个src / test / java文件夹，并为持久性文件（persistence.xml和data.sql）创建了src / test / resources。我在每一层设置了这两个文件夹。但是当我想测试业务层时，我遇到了以下错误：
SEVERE - Unable to load Persistence Unit from EAR: C:\dev\prj\myProject\persistence\\classpath.ear, module: file:/c:/dev/myProject/persistence/target/classes/. Exception: unexpected element (uri:"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence", local:"persistence"). Expected elements are <{http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence}persistence>
javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException: unexpected element (uri:"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence", local:"persistence"). Expected elements are <{http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence}persistence>
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext.handleEvent(UnmarshallingContext.java:662)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportError(Loader.java:258)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportError(Loader.java:253)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportUnexpectedChildElement(Loader.java:120)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext$DefaultRootLoader.childElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:1063)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext._startElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:498)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext.startElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:480)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.SAXConnector.startElement(SAXConnector.java:150)
at org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(AbstractSAXParser.java:509)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:380)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:619)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3129)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:880)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:606)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:118)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:504)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:848)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:777)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:141)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1213)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:643)
at org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal0(UnmarshallerImpl.java:258)
at com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(UnmarshallerImpl.java:229)
at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.java:140)
at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.java:123)
at org.apache.openejb.jee.jpa.unit.JaxbPersistenceFactory.getPersistence(JaxbPersistenceFactory.java:64)
at org.apache.openejb.config.ReadDescriptors.deploy(ReadDescriptors.java:180)
at org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory$Chain.deploy(ConfigurationFactory.java:403)
at org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory.configureApplication(ConfigurationFactory.java:971)
at org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory.configureApplication(ConfigurationFactory.java:832)
at org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory.getOpenEjbConfiguration(ConfigurationFactory.java:546)
at org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory.getOpenEjbConfiguration(ConfigurationFactory.java:591)
at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.getOpenEjbConfiguration(Assembler.java:484)
at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.build(Assembler.java:463)
at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance.<init>(OpenEJB.java:151)
at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance.<init>(OpenEJB.java:68)
at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB.init(OpenEJB.java:309)
at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB.init(OpenEJB.java:289)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.openejb.loader.OpenEJBInstance.init(OpenEJBInstance.java:36)
at org.apache.openejb.core.LocalInitialContextFactory.init(LocalInitialContextFactory.java:98)
at org.apache.openejb.core.LocalInitialContextFactory.init(LocalInitialContextFactory.java:62)
at org.apache.openejb.core.LocalInitialContextFactory.getInitialContext(LocalInitialContextFactory.java:46)
at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:684)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.init(InitialContext.java:244)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.<init>(InitialContext.java:216)
at be.smals.dos.engine.persistence.test.WorkflowDaoTest.setUp(WorkflowDaoTest.java:55)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:283)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeWithRerun(JUnit4Provider.java:173)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:128)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:203)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:155)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)
经过一些研究，似乎我们不能有多个persistence.xml。 为了解决这个问题，我尝试了以下解决方案：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.8</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-test-persistence</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<tasks>
<!-- backup the "src" persistence.xml -->
<move file="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml"
tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml.src"/>
<!-- copy the "test" persistence.xml -->
<copy file="${project.build.testOutputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml"
tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
<!-- backup the "src" dos-engine-data.sql -->
<move file="${project.build.outputDirectory}/data.sql"
tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/data.sql.src"/>
<!-- copy the "test" dos-engine-data.sql -->
<copy file="${project.build.testOutputDirectory}/data.sql"
tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/data.sql"/>
</tasks>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>restore-persistence</id>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<tasks>
<!-- restore the "src" persistence.xml -->
<move file="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml.src"
tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
<!-- restore the "src" dos-engine-data.sql -->
<move file="${project.build.outputDirectory}/data.sql.src"
tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/data.sql"/>
</tasks>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<finalName>jarName</finalName>
<includes>
<include>pathWithPersistenceFile</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<finalName>jarNameTest</finalName>
<classifier>test</classifier>
<includes>
<include>pathWithoutPersistenceFile</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
这两种解决方案在我的案例中都不起作用。是否还有其他问题可以使用多个persistence.xml？是否可能有一个解决方案来指定其他持久性文件路径但没有Spring？在这个项目中，我正在使用Maven，Hibernate和H2 mem。
我花了几天的时间为我的具体问题找到解决方案，但我找不到对我的问题有用的东西。
有人有任何想法吗？
由于
答案 0 :(得分：1)
一种解决方案是使用Arquillian，例如：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/java/integrationtesting-487452.html
创建存档时，可以通过执行
覆盖persistence.xmlShrinkWrap.addAsResource("your-persistence.xml", "META-INF/persistence.xml")
通过这种方式，您可以拥有任意数量的your-persistence.xml，只需在单个测试套件中重新覆盖它。