我创建了一个CMakeLists.txt
来创建一个简单的Qt应用程序(实际上它只有一个文件main.cpp
显示一个空主窗口):
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.7.0)
project(guitest)
set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib)
set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib)
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
find_package(Qt5Widgets REQUIRED)
include_directories (${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
file (GLOB_RECURSE WSIMGUI_SRC *.cpp)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${WSIMGUI_SRC})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} Qt5::Widgets)
add_custom_command(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME} POST_BUILD COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different $<TARGET_FILE:Qt5::Widgets> $<TARGET_FILE_DIR:${PROJECT_NAME}>)
项目构建,add_custom_command
将Qt5Widgets.dll
文件复制到输出目录。但是当我尝试运行程序时,我收到以下错误:
此应用程序无法启动,因为它无法找到或加载Qt平台插件&#34; windows&#34;在&#34;&#34;。
我一直在寻找这个问题而且我注意到我还必须从我的Qt安装中复制platform
文件夹。
如何在CMakeLists.txt
文件中执行此操作?
答案 0 :(得分:9)
Qt提供了一个在Windows上部署依赖项的实用程序:windeployqt
。
鉴于您的Qt安装位于<qt_install_prefix>
,您应该使用以下命令:
set PATH=%PATH%;<qt_install_prefix>/bin
windeployqt --dir /path/to/deployment/dir /path/to/qt/application.exe
将windeployqt
与CMake一起使用的灵活方法是首先声明导入的目标:
find_package(Qt5 ...)
if(Qt5_FOUND AND WIN32 AND TARGET Qt5::qmake AND NOT TARGET Qt5::windeployqt)
get_target_property(_qt5_qmake_location Qt5::qmake IMPORTED_LOCATION)
execute_process(
COMMAND "${_qt5_qmake_location}" -query QT_INSTALL_PREFIX
RESULT_VARIABLE return_code
OUTPUT_VARIABLE qt5_install_prefix
OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
)
set(imported_location "${qt5_install_prefix}/bin/windeployqt.exe")
if(EXISTS ${imported_location})
add_executable(Qt5::windeployqt IMPORTED)
set_target_properties(Qt5::windeployqt PROPERTIES
IMPORTED_LOCATION ${imported_location}
)
endif()
endif()
然后您可以按如下方式使用它:
add_executable(foo ...)
if(TARGET Qt5::windeployqt)
# execute windeployqt in a tmp directory after build
add_custom_command(TARGET foo
POST_BUILD
COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E remove_directory "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/windeployqt"
COMMAND set PATH=%PATH%$<SEMICOLON>${qt5_install_prefix}/bin
COMMAND Qt5::windeployqt --dir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/windeployqt" "$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:foo>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:foo>"
)
# copy deployment directory during installation
install(
DIRECTORY
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/windeployqt/"
DESTINATION ${FOO_INSTALL_RUNTIME_DESTINATION}
)
endif()
这可以(应该?)嵌入到cmake函数中。
请注意,CMake's doc不鼓励使用GLOB
来收集源文件:
我们不建议使用GLOB从源树中收集源文件列表。如果在添加或删除源时没有更改CMakeLists.txt文件,则生成的构建系统无法知道何时要求CMake重新生成。
如果您使用的是Visual C ++,您可能还希望通过在CMakeLists.txt
文件的末尾添加以下代码来安装可视的可再发行组件:
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_LIBS_SKIP TRUE)
include(InstallRequiredSystemLibraries)
install(
PROGRAMS ${CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_LIBS}
DESTINATION ${FOO_INSTALL_RUNTIME_DESTINATION}
)
您可以查看我的一个名为Softbloks的项目,以便对windeployqt
和InstallRequiredSystemLibraries
进行完整且有效的整合。