我们对Spring Web应用程序的事务性JUnit测试失败。
具体来说:如果我分别用maven执行每个测试,它们会贯穿:
mvn -Dtest=Test1
mvn -Dtest=Test2
如果我执行
mvn -Dtest=Test1,Test2
我在其中一个测试中遇到JPA错误:
Could not open JPA EntityManager for transaction; nested exception is
java.lang.IllegalStateException:
Attempting to execute an operation on a closed EntityManagerFactory."
type="org.springframework.transaction.CannotCreateTransactionException"
org.springframework.transaction.CannotCreateTransactionException:
Could not open JPA EntityManager for transaction; nested exception is
java.lang.IllegalStateException:
Attempting to execute an operation on a closed EntityManagerFactory.
at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.verifyOpen(EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.java:338)
at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.createEntityManagerImpl(EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.java:303)
at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.createEntityManagerImpl(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:336)
at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.createEntityManager(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:302)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.createEntityManagerForTransaction(JpaTransactionManager.java:449)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:369)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:373)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.createTransactionIfNecessary(TransactionAspectSupport.java:439)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:262)
at org.springframework.transaction.aspectj.AbstractTransactionAspect.ajc$around$org_springframework_transaction_aspectj_AbstractTransactionAspect$1$2a73e96c(AbstractTransactionAspect.aj:64)
...
如果我设置了surefire插件来为每个测试重新创建整个JVM,那么它们也会运行,这样做会花费大量时间。
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven.surefire.version}</version>
<configuration>
<reuseForks>false</reuseForks>
<forkCount>1</forkCount>
</configuration>
</plugin>
应用程序设置:
ApplicationContext.xml用于测试设置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="[packagename]">
<context:exclude-filter expression=".*_Roo_.*" type="regex" />
<context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation" />
</context:component-scan>
<context:spring-configured />
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:META-INF/spring/*.properties" />
<context:annotation-config />
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"
id="transactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven mode="aspectj"
transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
id="entityManagerFactory">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="persistenceUnit" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close" id="dataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${test_database.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${test_database.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${test_database.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${test_database.password}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="true" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="1800000" />
<property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="3" />
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="1800000" />
<property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1" />
</bean>
<jdbc:initialize-database data-source="dataSource"
ignore-failures="ALL">
<jdbc:script location="${test_database.selectLocation}" />
<jdbc:script location="${test_database.initLocation}" />
<jdbc:script location="${test_database.dataLocation}" />
</jdbc:initialize-database>
</beans>
JUnit测试看起来像:
@WebAppConfiguration
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {
"classpath:META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml",
"classpath:META-INF/spring/webmvc-config.xml" })
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager")
@DirtiesContext
public class Test1 {
@Autowired
WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@PersistenceContext
EntityManager entityManager;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
}
@Test
@Transactional
public void getJSONTest() throws Exception {
...
}
}
有没有人知道,这两个测试是如何连接的?必须为另一个关闭entityManager,但为什么以及如何?
任何想法都表示赞赏!
Edit1 :删除了@TransactionConfiguration和@DirtiesContext,但现在我得到了
No transaction is currently active; nested exception is
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException
Edit2 :到目前为止,我一直在追踪这个问题,即我执行测试的顺序是一个漏洞。因此,测试不是彼此独立的。我尝试了几种注释和执行顺序的排列,每次都会产生不同的错误/行为。
现在,课程级别的设置是:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {
"classpath:META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml",
"classpath:META-INF/spring/webmvc-config.xml" })
@WebAppConfiguration
@Transactional
@DirtiesContext
我再次放置@DirtiesContext注释,因为新初始化的上下文似乎有时会有所帮助。
这里很难找到真正的问题,但我得出了一个具体的问题:
我在@Transactional中包装了我的测试类,在我的测试方法中我调用了
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post(...))
,调用控制器方法。此控制器方法委托给另一个具有@Transactional方法的bean。在mockMvc.perform()返回之后,我检查了单元测试天气,该值已写入数据库。我知道这只有在事务提交到数据库或使用相同的Transaction / entityManager时才有效。是测试方法的事务,与被调用的控制器的事务相同,还是我们在这里讨论两个不同的entityManagers / transactions?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我会说@DirtiesContext正在这样做 - 请参阅此处http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/test/annotation/DirtiesContext.html
我会尝试:
然后尝试改善情况...... 这是我用来测试DAO层的设置(每个方法实际上都到达了真正的数据库,但是由于@Rollback,数据库永远不会被测试改变,因此测试不会互相干扰)
function utoa(str) {
return window.btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(str)));
}
function atou(str) {
return decodeURIComponent(escape(window.atob(str)));
}
// Usage:
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atou('4pyTIMOgIGxhIG1vZGU='); // "✓ à la mode"
utoa('I \u2661 Unicode!'); // SSDimaEgVW5pY29kZSE=
atou('SSDimaEgVW5pY29kZSE='); // "I ♡ Unicode!"