Question

我在src / test / resources / feature /中有以下功能文件（单独的功能文件），我想并行运行它们。喜欢：一个特征文件必须在chrome中执行，另一个必须在firefox中执行，如@Tags名称所述。

Feature: Refund item

@chrome
  Scenario: Jeff returns a faulty microwave
    Given Jeff has bought a microwave for $100
    And he has a receipt
    When he returns the microwave
    Then Jeff should be refunded $100

Feature: Refund Money

@firefox
  Scenario: Jeff returns the money
    Given Jeff has bought a microwave for $100
    And he has a receipt
    When he returns the microwave
    Then Jeff should be refunded $100

有人可以协助我实现这个目标。我正在使用cucumber-java 1.2.2版本，而AbstractTestNGCucumberTests则用作跑步者。另外，让我知道如何使用功能文件动态创建测试运行器并使它们并行运行。

Answer 1

更新：maven中央存储库中提供了4.0.0版本，其中包含大量更改。for more details go here.

更新：maven中央存储库提供2.2.0版本。

您可以使用开源插件cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin，它比现有解决方案具有许多优势。可在maven repository

获取

   <dependency>
     <groupId>com.github.temyers</groupId>
     <artifactId>cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin</artifactId>
     <version>2.1.0</version>
   </dependency>

首先，您需要在项目pom文件中添加具有所需配置的此插件。

<plugin>
  <groupId>com.github.temyers</groupId>
  <artifactId>cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.1.0</version>
  <executions>
     <execution>
     <id>generateRunners</id>
     <phase>generate-test-sources</phase>
     <goals>
       <goal>generateRunners</goal>
     </goals>
     <configuration>
         <!-- Mandatory -->
         <!-- comma separated list of package names to scan for glue code -->
         <glue>foo, bar</glue>
         <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/generated-test-sources/cucumber</outputDirectory>
          <!-- The directory, which must be in the root of the runtime classpath, containing your feature files.  -->
           <featuresDirectory>src/test/resources/features/</featuresDirectory>
          <!-- Directory where the cucumber report files shall be written  -->
          <cucumberOutputDir>target/cucumber-parallel</cucumberOutputDir>
          <!-- comma separated list of output formats json,html,rerun.txt -->
          <format>json</format>
          <!-- CucumberOptions.strict property -->
          <strict>true</strict>
          <!-- CucumberOptions.monochrome property -->
          <monochrome>true</monochrome>
          <!-- The tags to run, maps to CucumberOptions.tags property you can pass ANDed tags like "@tag1","@tag2" and ORed tags like "@tag1,@tag2,@tag3" -->
         <tags></tags>
         <!-- If set to true, only feature files containing the required tags shall be generated. -->
         <filterFeaturesByTags>false</filterFeaturesByTags>
         <!-- Generate TestNG runners instead of default JUnit ones. --> 
         <useTestNG>false</useTestNG>
         <!-- The naming scheme to use for the generated test classes.  One of 'simple' or 'feature-title' --> 
        <namingScheme>simple</namingScheme>
        <!-- The class naming pattern to use.  Only required/used if naming scheme is 'pattern'.-->
        <namingPattern>Parallel{c}IT</namingPattern>
        <!-- One of [SCENARIO, FEATURE]. SCENARIO generates one runner per scenario.  FEATURE generates a runner per feature. -->
        <parallelScheme>SCENARIO</parallelScheme>
        <!-- This is optional, required only if you want to specify a custom template for the generated sources (this is a relative path) -->
        <customVmTemplate>src/test/resources/cucumber-custom-runner.vm</customVmTemplate>
        </configuration>
       </execution>
     </executions>
   </plugin>

现在在插件上方添加以下插件，这将调用上面插件生成的跑步者类

    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19</version>
        <configuration> 
            <forkCount>5</forkCount>
            <reuseForks>true</reuseForks>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*IT.class</include>
            </includes>
        </configuration>
    </plugin>

以上两个插件将为并行运行的黄瓜测试提供魔力（假设您的机器也具有高级硬件支持）。
严格提供<forkCount>n</forkCount>此处＆＃39; n＆＃39;与1）高级硬件支持和2）您可用的节点，即已注册的浏览器实例到HUB相关。

一个主要且最重要的变化是您的WebDriver类必须 SHARED ，您应该不实现driver.quit（）方法，因为关闭是照顾通过shutdown hook。

import cucumber.api.Scenario;
import cucumber.api.java.After;
import cucumber.api.java.Before;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver;

public class SharedDriver extends EventFiringWebDriver {
    private static WebDriver REAL_DRIVER = null;



    private static final Thread CLOSE_THREAD = new Thread() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            REAL_DRIVER.close();
        }
    };

    static {
        Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(CLOSE_THREAD);
    }

    public SharedDriver() {
        super(CreateDriver());
    }

    public static WebDriver CreateDriver() {
        WebDriver webDriver;
        if (REAL_DRIVER == null)
            webDriver = new FirefoxDriver();
        setWebDriver(webDriver);
        return webDriver;
    }

    public static void setWebDriver(WebDriver webDriver) {
        this.REAL_DRIVER = webDriver;
    }

    public static WebDriver getWebDriver() {
        return this.REAL_DRIVER;
    }

    @Override
    public void close() {
        if (Thread.currentThread() != CLOSE_THREAD) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("You shouldn't close this WebDriver. It's shared and will close when the JVM exits.");
        }
        super.close();
    }

    @Before
    public void deleteAllCookies() {
        manage().deleteAllCookies();
    }

    @After
    public void embedScreenshot(Scenario scenario) {
        try {
            byte[] screenshot = getScreenshotAs(OutputType.BYTES);
            scenario.embed(screenshot, "image/png");
        } catch (WebDriverException somePlatformsDontSupportScreenshots) {
            System.err.println(somePlatformsDontSupportScreenshots.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

考虑到您要执行超过50个线程，即同样没有浏览器实例注册到HUB但如果没有足够的内存而Hub将会死，因此为了避免这种危急情况，您应该启动集线器-DPOOL_MAX = 512（或更大），如grid2 documentation中所述。

Really large (>50 node) Hub installations may need to increase the jetty threads by setting -DPOOL_MAX=512 (or larger) on the java command line.

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-<version>.jar -role hub -DPOOL_MAX=512

Answer 2

Cucumber不支持开箱即用的并行执行。我试过了，但不友好。

我们必须使用maven的功能来并行调用它。请参阅link
还有一个github项目，它使用自定义插件并行执行。请参阅cucumber-jvm-parallel-plugin

Answer 3

如果您希望能够并行运行多个功能，那么您可以尝试执行以下操作：

复制测试项目中的班级AbstractTestNGCucumberTests，并将属性parallel=true设置为@DataProvider带注释的方法。

由于TestNG的默认dataprovider-thread-count为10，现在您已指示TestNG并行运行features，您应该开始看到您的要素文件并行执行。

但据我所知，Cucumber报告本质上不是线程安全的，因此您的报告可能会出现乱码。

Answer 4

要充分利用TestNG，可以使用Testng的第三方扩展QAF框架。它支持使用bdd syntax的多个GherkinFactory，包括嫩黄瓜。在将BDD与QAF结合使用时，您可以利用每个TestNG功能，包括数据提供者，以不同方式（组/测试/方法）进行并行执行配置，TestNG侦听器。

QAF将每个方案视为TestNG测试，并将方案大纲视为TestNG数据驱动的测试。由于qaf提供内置的驱动程序管理和资源管理，因此您无需编写任何代码即可进行驱动程序管理或资源管理。您所需要做的就是根据您的要求创建TestNG xml配置文件，以在一个或多个浏览器上运行并行方法（场景）或组或xml测试。

它启用其他可能的configuration combinations。下面是用于解决此问题的xml 配置，它将在两个浏览器中并行运行方案。您还可以将每个浏览器的线程数配置为标准TestNG xml配置。

<suite name="AUT Test Automation" verbose="0"  parallel="tests">
<test name="Test-on-chrome">
   <parameter name="scenario.file.loc" value="resources/features" />
   <parameter name="driver.name" value="chromeDriver" />           
   <classes>
      <class name="com.qmetry.qaf.automation.step.client.gherkin.GherkinScenarioFactory" />
   </classes>
</test>

<test name="Test-on-FF">
   <parameter name="scenario.file.loc" value="resources/features" />
   <parameter name="driver.name" value="firefoxDriver" />           
   <classes>
      <class name="com.qmetry.qaf.automation.step.client.gherkin.GherkinScenarioFactory" />
   </classes>
</test>
</suite>

更多来自最新的BDDTestFactory2支持syntax，该支持源自QAF BDD，Jbehave和gherkin。它支持来自qaf bdd的元数据作为小黄瓜的标签和示例。您可以利用inbuilt data-providers来使用BDD中的元数据以XML / JSON / CSV / EXCEL / DB提供测试数据。

Answer 5

我使用 courgette-jvm 实现了黄瓜并行性。它开箱即用并在场景级别运行并行测试

只需在黄瓜中包含类似的跑步者类。我的测试进一步使用 RemoteWebdriver 在 selenium 网格上打开多个实例。确保网格已启动并正在运行，并且节点已注册到网格。

import courgette.api.CourgetteOptions;
import courgette.api.CourgetteRunLevel;
import courgette.api.CucumberOptions;
import courgette.api.testng.TestNGCourgette;
import io.cucumber.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
@Test
@CourgetteOptions(
        threads = 10,
        runLevel = CourgetteRunLevel.SCENARIO,
        rerunFailedScenarios = true,
        rerunAttempts = 1,
        showTestOutput = true,
        reportTitle = "Courgette-JVM Example",
        reportTargetDir = "build",
        environmentInfo = "browser=chrome; git_branch=master",
        cucumberOptions = @CucumberOptions(
                features = "src/test/resources/com/test/",
                glue = "com.test.stepdefs",                   
                publish = true,
                plugin = {
                        "pretty",
                        "json:target/cucumber-report/cucumber.json",
                        "html:target/cucumber-report/cucumber.html"}
        ))
class AcceptanceIT extends TestNGCourgette {
}

RemoteWebdriver 配置是

protected RemoteWebDriver createDriver() throws MalformedURLException , IOException {
                   
                 Properties properties = new Properties();                
                ClassLoader loader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();                
                  String hubURL = "http://192.168.1.7:65299/wd/hub";
                  System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "/Users/amit/Desktop/amit/projects/misc/geckodriver");
                 
                    FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
                    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
                    capabilities.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, profile);
                    capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.ANY);    
                    FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
                    options.merge(capabilities);                 
                   driver.set(new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(hubURL),options));
                   return driver.get();
        }

如何并行执行黄瓜特征文件

5 个答案: