Question

def newRecord(record):
    record= {'name' : 'test'}
    students = int(input('How many students are in your class? '))
    tests = int(input('How many tests have you given? '))
    for name in range(students):
        record ['name'] = input('Please enter students name: ')
        for test in range(tests):
            record ['test'] = input('Please enter test score: ')
    print (record)

例如，根据用户输入，我正在尝试将记录打印出来，如下所示，并尝试将所有测试值保存在指定的名称下。

{'name' : ' sam', 'test':  '99','98','78'}
{'name' : 'john', 'test':  '92','68','70'}

或

{'sam': '99','98','78'}
{'john':'92','68','70'}

Answer 1

使用list作为标记暗示：

record['test'] = []
for test in range(tests):
    score = input('Please enter test score: ')
    record['test'].append(score)

Answer 2

您应该为每个字典关键项保留list值，其中键将是学生姓名，list将包含测试分数。请参阅下面的示例。

record= {}
students = int(input('How many students are in your class? '))
tests = int(input('How many tests have you given? '))
for name in range(students):
    name = input('Please enter students name: ')
    testScores = []
    for test in range(tests):
        testScores.append(input('Please enter test score: '))
    record[name] = testScores
print (record)

输出：

How many students are in your class? 2
How many tests have you given? 3
Please enter students name: Alex
Please enter test score: 80
Please enter test score: 75
Please enter test score: 95
Please enter students name: Mac
Please enter test score: 90
Please enter test score: 88
Please enter test score: 79
{'Alex': ['80', '75', '95'], 'Mac': ['90', '88', '79']}

Answer 3

我在这里看到一些问题：

您的record参数会立即被该方法覆盖，这可能导致路上的陌生感
您尝试将多个值封装在仅处理键值关系的数据结构中
你并没有真正利用Python的有用设计元素 - 类抽象。

我的建议：

为Student创建一个类，并在那里提供所有信息。
```
class Student(object):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.test_scores = []
```
我建议您定义a suitable __str__()值，但我将此作为练习留给读者。
在某处创建一个记录列表，它只是一个学生列表。
```
students = []
```

调整您的newRecord方法以使用该类（并重命名以更好地描述其目的）。

def create_new_records():
    students = int(input('How many students are in your class? '))
    tests = int(input('How many tests have you given? '))
    for i in range(students):
        student_name = input('Please enter students name: ')
        student = Student(student_name)
        for j in range(tests):
            student.test_scores.append(input('Please enter test score: '))
    students.append(student)
    print(student)

Answer 4

如果您愿意，可以继续使用字典：

def newRecord():
    record = {}
    students = int(input('How many students are in your class? '))
    for name in range(students):
        name = input('Please enter students name: ')
        test = input('Please enter test score: ')
        record[name] = test
    print(record)

这将记录：

How many students are in your class? 3
Please enter students name: john
Please enter test score: 12
Please enter students name: mike
Please enter test score: 33, 45, 66
Please enter students name: otherjohn
Please enter test score: 9
{'john': '12', 'otherjohn': '9', 'mike': '33, 45, 66'}

或者您可以使用以下方式进行：

for name in range(students):
    record[input('Please enter students name: ')] = input('Please enter test score: ')
print (record)

这将首先询问您的测试成绩，然后是名称。

如果我们的字典没有相互替换，我如何获得多个值？

4 个答案: