我正在经历“从第一原理开始的Haskell编程”,我发现自己一遍又一遍地编写代码:
type IntToInt = Fun Int Int
type TypeIdentity = ConcreteFunctorType Int -> Bool
type TypeComposition = ConcreteFunctorType Int -> IntToInt -> IntToInt -> Bool
checkSomething :: IO ()
checkSomething = hspec $ do
describe "Some functor" $ do
it "identity property" $ do
property $ (functorIdentity :: TypeIdentity)
it "composition property" $ do
property $ (functorComposition :: TypeComposition)
我尝试抽象这个,但在我的水平上,我无法想办法让它发挥作用
我想要完成的是这样的事情
checkFunctor :: (Functor f) => String -> f a -> IO ()
checkFunctor description f = hspec $ do
describe description $ do
it "identity property" $ do
property $ (functorIdentity :: f a -> TypeIdentity)
it "composition property" $ do
property $ ( functorComposition :: f a -> TypeComposition)
编辑: 在Sapanoia的回答后,我尝试了如下
type TypeIdentity = Bool
type TypeComposition = Fun Int Int -> Fun Int Int -> Bool
checkFunctor :: forall f a. (Functor f) => String -> f a -> IO ()
checkFunctor description f = hspec $ do
describe description $ do
it "identity property" $ do
property $ (functorIdentity :: f a -> TypeIdentity)
it "composition property" $ do
property $ (functorCompose' :: f a -> TypeComposition)
但是我收到以下错误
FunctorCheck.hs:22:25: error:
• Couldn't match type ‘a’ with ‘Int’
‘a’ is a rigid type variable bound by
the type signature for:
checkFunctor :: forall (f :: * -> *) a.
Functor f =>
String -> f a -> IO ()
at FunctorCheck.hs:16:26
Expected type: f a -> TypeComposition
Actual type: f Int -> Fun Int Int -> Fun Int Int -> Bool
然后,定义生成任意值和函数的类型变得非常复杂。
有没有办法可以将checkFunctor的类型绑定到特定类型,如下所示?
checkFuntor :: checkFunctor :: forall f Int. (Functor f) => String -> f a -> IO ()
当然我试过这个并且它给了我一个解析错误,我认为只是我没有正确使用'forall'。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
由于您没有添加错误消息,我认为问题是类型错误,其中定义了(functorIdentity :: f a -> TypeIdentity)
。问题是此处介绍的f
是新的,与顶级签名中的f
不同。要解决此问题,请启用以下扩展名:
{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
将checkFunctor
的签名更改为:
checkFunctor :: forall f a. (Functor f) => String -> f a -> IO ()
forall
引入了新的类型变量。如果没有 ScopedTypeVariables 和明确的forall
,它将始终隐式存在,(functorIdentity :: f a -> TypeIdentity)
变为(functorIdentity :: forall f a. f a -> TypeIdentity)
。但是,你不在这里想要一个forall,因为你希望类型变量f
和a
与顶级变量相同。