我目前有一个文本文件,如下所示:
101, Liberia, Monrovia, 111000, 3200000, Africa, English, Liberia Dollar;
102, Uganda, Kampala, 236000, 34000000, Africa, English and Swahili, Ugandan Shilling;
103, Madagascar, Antananarivo, 587000, 21000000, Africa, Magalasy and Frances, Malagasy Ariary;
我目前正在使用以下代码打印文件:
with open ("base.txt",'r') as f:
for line in f:
words = line.split(';')
for word in words:
print (word)
我想知道的是,我如何使用他们的身份证号码(例如101)修改一行,并保留他们的格式,并根据他们的身份证号码添加或删除行?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
我理解你的问题是如何修改一行中的单词,然后将修改后的行插回文件中。
def change_value(new_value, line_number, column):
with open("base.txt",'r+') as f: #r+ means we can read and write to the file
lines = f.read().split('\n') #lines is now a list of all the lines in the file
words = lines[line_number].split(',')
words[column] = new_value
lines[line_number] = ','.join(words).rstrip('\n') #inserts the line into lines where each word is seperated by a ','
f.seek(0)
f.write('\n'.join(lines)) #writes our new lines back into the file
要使用此功能将line 3, word 2
设置为Not_Madasgascar
,请将其命名为:
change_word("Not_Madagascar", 2, 1)
您必须将1
添加到行/单词编号,因为第一行/单词为0
def add_line(words, line_number):
with open("base.txt",'r+') as f:
lines = f.readlines()
lines.insert(line_number, ','.join(words) + '\n')
f.seek(0)
f.writelines(lines)
要使用此功能,请在末尾添加一行,其中包含单词this
line
is
at
the
end
像这样:
add_line(['this','line','is','at','the','end'], 4) #4 is the line number
有关打开文件的详细信息,请参阅here。
有关读取和修改文件的更多信息,请参阅here。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
pandas
是解决您需求的强大工具。它提供了轻松使用CSV文件的工具。您可以在DataFrames
。
import pandas as pd
# read the CSV file into DataFrame
df = pd.read_csv('file.csv', sep=',', header=None, index_col = 0)
print (df)
# eliminating the `;` character
df[7] = df[7].map(lambda x: str(x).rstrip(';'))
print (df)
# eliminating the #101 row of data
df.drop(101, axis=0, inplace=True)
print (df)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
如果您尝试保留原始文件排序以及能够引用文件中的行以进行修改/添加/删除,则将此文件读入OrderedDict
可能会有所帮助。在下面的示例中,对于文件的完整格式有很多假设,但它适用于您的测试用例:
from collections import OrderedDict
content = OrderedDict()
with open('base.txt', 'r') as f:
for line in f:
if line.strip():
print line
words = line.split(',') # Assuming that you meant ',' vs ';' to split the line into words
content[int(words[0])] = ','.join(words[1:])
print(content[101]) # Prints " Liberia, Monrovia, etc"...
content.pop(101, None) # Remove line w/ 101 as the "id"