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我从用户输入获取信息进入构造函数，但现在信息不想打印到void语句中并且空出来... 有什么帮助吗？
旁边问题：任何人都可以回答为什么当我为地址添加空格时输入会流入下一个问题并跳过上述问题？有没有办法防止输入流入下一个问题？
#include "PTDemo.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
string patientMedicalRecordNo;
string patientFirstName;
char patientMiddleInitial;
string patientLastName;
string patientStreetAddress1;
string patientStreetAddress2;
string patientCity;
string patientState;
string patientZip5;
string patientZip4;
string patientHomeAreaCode;
string patientHomePhoneNo;
char patientGender;
int patientDateOfBirth;
PatientDemographicInformation patient1(patientMedicalRecordNo, patientFirstName,
patientMiddleInitial, patientLastName,
patientStreetAddress1, patientStreetAddress2,
patientCity, patientState, patientZip5,
patientZip4, patientHomeAreaCode,
patientHomePhoneNo, patientGender, patientDateOfBirth);
cout << "Enter the patient's medical record number: ";
cin >> patientMedicalRecordNo;
cout << "Enter the patient’s first name: ";
cin >> patientFirstName;
cout << "Enter the patient’s middle initial: ";
cin >> patientMiddleInitial;
cout << "Enter the patient’s last name: ";
cin >> patientLastName;
cout << "Enter the patient’s street address (line 1): ";
cin >> patientStreetAddress1;
cout << "Enter the patient’s street address (line 2): ";
cin >> patientStreetAddress2;
cout << "Enter the patient’s city: ";
cin >> patientCity;
cout << "Enter the patient’s state: ";
cin >> patientState;
cout << "Enter the patient’s five digit zip code: ";
cin >> patientZip5;
cout << "Enter the patient’s four digit zip code: ";
cin >> patientZip4;
cout << "Enter the patient’s home area code: ";
cin >> patientHomeAreaCode;
cout << "Enter the patient’s home phone number:";
cin >> patientHomePhoneNo;
cout << "Enter the patient’s gender (M = Male, F = Female): ";
cin >> patientGender;
cout << "Enter the patient’s date of birth (format MMDDYYYY): ";
cin >> patientDateOfBirth;
patient1.printPatientDemographicInformation();
return 0;
}
演示标题：
#ifndef PATIENT_DEMOGRAPHIC_INFORMATION
#define PATIENT_DEMOGRAPHIC_INFORMATION
//system defined preprocessor statement for input/output operations.
#include <iostream>
// system defined preprocessor statement for setprecision operations.
#include <iomanip>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
class PatientDemographicInformation
{
private:
string patientMedicalRecordNo;
string patientFirstName;
char patientMiddleInitial;
string patientLastName;
string patientStreetAddress1;
string patientStreetAddress2;
string patientCity;
string patientState;
string patientZip5;
string patientZip4;
string patientHomeAreaCode;
string patientHomePhoneNo;
char patientGender;
int patientDateOfBirth;
public:
// The constructor is passed arguments
PatientDemographicInformation(string medicalRecordNo, string firstName,
char middleInitial, string lastName,
string streetAddress1, string streetAddress2,
string city, string state, string zip5,
string zip4, string homeAreaCode, string
homePhoneNo, char gender, int dateOfBirth);
// Returns the patient’s medical record number.
string getPatientMedicalRecordNo( );
// Returns the patient’s first name a space middle initial a space then the last name.
string getPatientName( );
// Returns the patient’s state in all capital letters.
string getPatientState( );
// Prints the patient’s street address line 1, then on the next line street address line 2, on the
// next line city, a comma “,” then a space and the state (ALL CAPITAL LETTERS), then
// two spaces zip-5, then a dash “-”, then zip-4.
void printPatientAddress( );
// Returns the patient’s home area code enclosed in parenthesis, then the home phone number with a dash
// “-” between the exchange and the number.
string getPatientPhoneNumber( );
// Returns the patient’s gender description.
char getPatientGender( );
// Prints the patient’s date of birth with dashes.
void printPatientDateOfBirth( );
// Returns the patient’s age.
int getPatientAge( );
// Prints the patient demographic information.
void printPatientDemographicInformation( );
};
//
PatientDemographicInformation::PatientDemographicInformation (string medicalRecordNo, string firstName,
char middleInitial, string lastName,
string streetAddress1, string streetAddress2,
string city, string state, string zip5,
string zip4, string homeAreaCode, string
homePhoneNo, char gender, int dateOfBirth)
{
patientMedicalRecordNo = medicalRecordNo;
patientFirstName = firstName;
patientMiddleInitial = middleInitial;
patientLastName = lastName;
patientStreetAddress1 = streetAddress1;
patientStreetAddress2 = streetAddress2;
patientCity = city;
patientState = state;
patientZip5 = zip5;
patientZip4 = zip4;
patientHomeAreaCode = homeAreaCode;
patientHomePhoneNo = homePhoneNo;
patientGender = gender;
patientDateOfBirth = dateOfBirth;
}
string PatientDemographicInformation::getPatientMedicalRecordNo( )
{
return patientMedicalRecordNo;
}
string PatientDemographicInformation::getPatientName( )
{
return patientFirstName + " " + patientMiddleInitial + " " + patientLastName;
}
string PatientDemographicInformation::getPatientState( )
{
std::transform(patientState.begin(), patientState.end(),patientState.begin(), ::toupper);
return patientState;
}
void PatientDemographicInformation::printPatientAddress(void)
{
cout << patientStreetAddress1 << endl;
cout << " " << patientStreetAddress2 << endl;
cout << " "
<< patientCity << ", "
<< getPatientState() << " "
<< patientZip5 << "-"
<< patientZip4 << endl;
}
string PatientDemographicInformation::getPatientPhoneNumber( )
{
if (patientHomePhoneNo != " ")
{
return "(" + patientHomeAreaCode + ")" + patientHomePhoneNo.substr(0,3) + "-" + patientHomePhoneNo.substr(3,6);
}
}
char PatientDemographicInformation::getPatientGender( )
{
if (patientGender == 'F' || patientGender == 'f')
{
return patientGender;
}
else if (patientGender == 'M' || patientGender == 'm')
{
return patientGender;
}
else
{
cout << "That is not a valid gender input ";
}
}
void PatientDemographicInformation::printPatientDateOfBirth(void)
{
if (patientDateOfBirth > 0)
{
int day = (patientDateOfBirth / 1000000);
int month = ((patientDateOfBirth % 1000000) / 10000);
int year = (patientDateOfBirth % 10000);
cout << day << "/" << month << "/" << year;
}
}
int PatientDemographicInformation::getPatientAge( )
{
time_t t = time(0); // get time now
struct tm * now = localtime( & t );
int yearNow = (now->tm_year + 1900);
int birthYear = (patientDateOfBirth % 10000);
return yearNow - birthYear;
}
void PatientDemographicInformation::printPatientDemographicInformation( )
{
cout << "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - PATIENT INFORMATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -"<< endl;
cout << "Medical Record NO.: " << getPatientMedicalRecordNo() << endl;
cout << " Patients Name: " << getPatientName() << endl;
cout << " Address: ";
printPatientAddress();
cout << " " << getPatientPhoneNumber() << endl;
cout << "Gender: " << getPatientGender() << " "
<< "Date of Birth: ";
printPatientDateOfBirth();
cout << " "
<< "Age: " << getPatientAge() << endl;
cout << "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -"<< endl <<endl;
}
#endif
答案 0 :(得分：0)
移动线：
PatientDemographicInformation patient1(
patientMedicalRecordNo,
patientFirstName,
patientMiddleInitial,
patientLastName,
patientStreetAddress1,
patientStreetAddress2,
patientCity,
patientState,
patientZip5,
patientZip4,
patientHomeAreaCode,
patientHomePhoneNo,
patientGender,
patientDateOfBirth
);
在致电cin
patient1.printPatientDemographicInformation();来电
你在这里做的是将很多空字符串值传递给构造函数，构造函数将它们复制（顺便说一下，它可能会复制它们两次，考虑用string替换const string&类型参数。然后你要求输入只存储在你的局部变量中。