我创建了一个.NET Core MVC应用程序,并使用依赖注入和存储库模式将存储库注入我的控制器。但是,我收到了一个错误:
InvalidOperationException:尝试激活“WebApplication1.Controllers.BlogController”时无法解析类型“WebApplication1.Data.BloggerRepository”的服务。
模型(Blog.cs)
namespace WebApplication1.Models
{
public class Blog
{
public int BlogId { get; set; }
public string Url { get; set; }
}
}
DbContext(BloggingContext.cs)
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using WebApplication1.Models;
namespace WebApplication1.Data
{
public class BloggingContext : DbContext
{
public BloggingContext(DbContextOptions<BloggingContext> options)
: base(options)
{ }
public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
}
}
存储库(IBloggerRepository.cs&amp; BloggerRepository.cs)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using WebApplication1.Models;
namespace WebApplication1.Data
{
internal interface IBloggerRepository : IDisposable
{
IEnumerable<Blog> GetBlogs();
void InsertBlog(Blog blog);
void Save();
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using WebApplication1.Models;
namespace WebApplication1.Data
{
public class BloggerRepository : IBloggerRepository
{
private readonly BloggingContext _context;
public BloggerRepository(BloggingContext context)
{
_context = context;
}
public IEnumerable<Blog> GetBlogs()
{
return _context.Blogs.ToList();
}
public void InsertBlog(Blog blog)
{
_context.Blogs.Add(blog);
}
public void Save()
{
_context.SaveChanges();
}
private bool _disposed;
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!_disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
_context.Dispose();
}
}
_disposed = true;
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
}
}
Startup.cs(相关代码)
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// Add framework services.
services.AddDbContext<BloggingContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
services.AddScoped<IBloggerRepository, BloggerRepository>();
services.AddMvc();
// Add application services.
services.AddTransient<IEmailSender, AuthMessageSender>();
services.AddTransient<ISmsSender, AuthMessageSender>();
}
控制器(BlogController.cs)
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using WebApplication1.Data;
using WebApplication1.Models;
namespace WebApplication1.Controllers
{
public class BlogController : Controller
{
private readonly IBloggerRepository _repository;
public BlogController(BloggerRepository repository)
{
_repository = repository;
}
public IActionResult Index()
{
return View(_repository.GetBlogs().ToList());
}
public IActionResult Create()
{
return View();
}
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public IActionResult Create(Blog blog)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
_repository.InsertBlog(blog);
_repository.Save();
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
return View(blog);
}
}
}
我不确定我做错了什么。有什么想法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:157)
异常说它无法解析WebApplication1.Data.BloggerRepository
的服务,因为控制器上的构造函数要求的是具体类而不是接口。所以改变一下:
public BlogController(IBloggerRepository repository)
// ^
// Add this!
{
_repository = repository;
}
答案 1 :(得分:18)
在我的情况下,我试图为需要构造函数参数的对象进行依赖注入。在这种情况下,在启动期间,我只提供了配置文件中的参数,例如:
var config = Configuration.GetSection("subservice").Get<SubServiceConfig>();
services.AddScoped<ISubService>(provider => new SubService(config.value1, config.value2));
答案 2 :(得分:12)
只有当有人和我一样的情况时,我正在使用现有数据库进行EntityFramework教程,但是当在模型文件夹上创建新的数据库上下文时,我们需要在启动时更新上下文,但不仅仅是在services.AddDbContext中,如果您有用户身份验证,也可以使用AddIdentity
services.AddDbContext<NewDBContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<NewDBContext>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders();
答案 3 :(得分:9)
我遇到了这个问题,因为在依赖项注入设置中,我缺少存储库的依赖项,而该存储库是控制器的依赖项:
services.AddScoped<IDependencyOne, DependencyOne>(); <-- I was missing this line!
services.AddScoped<IDependencyTwoThatIsDependentOnDependencyOne, DependencyTwoThatIsDependentOnDependencyOne>();
答案 4 :(得分:5)
我有一个不同的问题,是的,我的控制器的参数化构造函数已经添加了正确的接口。我所做的是直截了当的。我只是转到我的startup.cs
文件,在那里我可以看到注册方法的调用。
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.Register();
}
就我而言,这个Register
方法位于单独的类Injector
中。所以我不得不在那里添加我新引入的接口。
public static class Injector
{
public static void Register(this IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddTransient<IUserService, UserService>();
services.AddTransient<IUserDataService, UserDataService>();
}
}
如果你看到,这个函数的参数是this IServiceCollection
希望这有帮助。
答案 5 :(得分:5)
就我而言,.Net Core 3.0 API Startup.cs, 在方法中
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
我必须添加
services.AddScoped<IStateService, StateService>();
答案 6 :(得分:2)
由于一个非常愚蠢的错误,我遇到了这个问题。我忘了挂勾服务配置过程以在ASP.NET Core应用程序中自动发现控制器。
添加此方法可以解决该问题:
// Add framework services.
services.AddMvc()
.AddControllersAsServices(); // <---- Super important
答案 7 :(得分:2)
您需要在启动时为DBcontext
添加新服务
默认
services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
添加此
services.AddDbContext<NewDBContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
Configuration.GetConnectionString("NewConnection")));
答案 8 :(得分:2)
你可能会错过这个:
services.AddScoped<IDependencyTwoThatIsDependentOnDependencyOne, DependencyTwoThatIsDependentOnDependencyOne>();
答案 9 :(得分:2)
Public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddScoped<IEventRepository, EventRepository>();
}
您忘了在启动Configureservices
方法上添加Addscope。
答案 10 :(得分:2)
甚至在到达类代码之前就已经完成了服务解析,因此我们需要检查依赖项注入。
就我而言,我添加了
services.AddScoped<IMeasurementService, MeasurementService>();
在StartupExtensions.cs中
答案 11 :(得分:2)
我遇到了同样的问题,发现我的代码在初始化之前正在使用注入。
services.AddControllers(); // Will cause a problem if you use your IBloggerRepository in there since it's defined after this line.
services.AddScoped<IBloggerRepository, BloggerRepository>();
我知道这与问题无关,但是自从我被发送到此页面以来,我发现它对其他人很有用。
答案 12 :(得分:1)
哦,谢谢@kimbaudi,我遵循了这个习惯
https://dotnettutorials.net/lesson/generic-repository-pattern-csharp-mvc/
,并收到与您相同的错误。但是在阅读您的代码后,我发现我的解决方案是添加
services.AddScoped(IGenericRepository,GenericRepository);
进入StartUp.cs文件中的 ConfigureServices 方法=))
答案 13 :(得分:1)
对我来说,在 ConfigureServices
中添加数据库上下文是有效的,如下所示:
services.AddDBContext<DBContextVariable>();
答案 14 :(得分:1)
如果您正在使用AutoFac并收到此错误,则应添加“As”语句以指定具体实现所实现的服务。
IE中。你应该写:
containerBuilder.RegisterType<DataService>().As<DataService>();
而不是
containerBuilder.RegisterType<DataService>();
答案 15 :(得分:0)
我收到错误:“无法为所有.net核心版本解析依赖项xxxxxxxx”。我尝试了互联网上所有可用的东西,并且被困了好几天。我想出的唯一解决方案是在项目中添加nuget.config文件,然后使用dotnet restore使之工作。
nuget.config文件的内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<packageSources>
<add key="AspNetCore" value="https://dotnet.myget.org/F/aspnetcore-ci-dev/api/v3/index.json" />
<add key="AspNetCoreTools" value="https://dotnet.myget.org/F/aspnetcore-tools/api/v3/index.json" />
<add key="NuGet" value="https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json" />
</packageSources>
</configuration>
答案 16 :(得分:0)
添加 services.AddSingleton(); 。
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddRazorPages();
// To register interface with its concrite type
services.AddSingleton<IEmployee, EmployeesMockup>();
}
有关更多详细信息,请访问以下URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMjiiWtfj2M
对于所有方法(即AddSingleton与AddScoped与AddTransient),请访问以下网址:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6Nr7Zman_Y&list=PL6n9fhu94yhVkdrusLaQsfERmL_Jh4XmU&index=44)
答案 17 :(得分:0)
我收到此错误是因为我声明了一个变量(在ConfigureServices方法上方),该变量是我的上下文。我有:
CupcakeContext _ctx
不确定我在想什么。我知道,如果您将参数传递给Configure方法,则这样做是合法的。
答案 18 :(得分:0)
此问题是因为您没有使用为其编写的接口来注册数据访问组件。尝试如下使用
services.AddTransient<IMyDataProvider, MyDataAccess>();`
答案 19 :(得分:0)
我替换了
services.Add(new ServiceDescriptor(typeof(IMyLogger), typeof(MyLogger)))
用
services.AddTransient<IMyLogger, MyLogger>()
对我有用。
答案 20 :(得分:0)
将BloggerRepository更改为IBloggerRepository
答案 21 :(得分:0)
通过使用如下所示的 CreateDefaultBuilder ,我尝试从Program.cs文件中进行插入时遇到了问题,但是最终通过跳过默认的资料夹来解决它。 (请参见下文)。
var host = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
{
webBuilder.ConfigureServices(servicesCollection => { servicesCollection.AddSingleton<ITest>(x => new Test()); });
webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
}).Build();
似乎应该在ConfigureWebHostDefaults内部完成构建才能使其正常工作,因为否则将跳过配置,但是如果我错了,请纠正我。
这种方法效果很好:
var host = new WebHostBuilder()
.ConfigureServices(servicesCollection =>
{
var serviceProvider = servicesCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
IConfiguration configuration = (IConfiguration)serviceProvider.GetService(typeof(IConfiguration));
servicesCollection.AddSingleton<ISendEmailHandler>(new SendEmailHandler(configuration));
})
.UseStartup<Startup>()
.Build();
这还显示了如何从
注入.net核心( IConfiguration )中已经预定义的依赖项答案 22 :(得分:0)
我正处于例外之下
System.InvalidOperationException: Unable to resolve service for type 'System.Func`1[IBlogContext]'
while attempting to activate 'BlogContextFactory'.\r\n at
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateArgumentCallSites(Type serviceType, Type implementationType, ISet`1 callSiteChain, ParameterInfo[] parameters, Boolean throwIfCallSiteNotFound)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateConstructorCallSite(Type serviceType, Type implementationType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.TryCreateExact(ServiceDescriptor descriptor, Type serviceType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.TryCreateExact(Type serviceType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateCallSite(Type serviceType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateArgumentCallSites(Type serviceType, Type implementationType, ISet`1 callSiteChain, ParameterInfo[] parameters, Boolean throwIfCallSiteNotFound)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateConstructorCallSite(Type serviceType, Type implementationType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.TryCreateExact(ServiceDescriptor descriptor, Type serviceType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.TryCreateExact(Type serviceType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteFactory.CreateCallSite(Type serviceType, ISet`1 callSiteChain)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider.CreateServiceAccessor(Type serviceType, ServiceProvider serviceProvider)\r\n at System.Collections.Concurrent.ConcurrentDictionaryExtensions.GetOrAdd[TKey, TValue, TArg] (ConcurrentDictionary`2 dictionary, TKey key, Func`3 valueFactory, TArg arg)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider.GetService(Type serviceType)\r\n at Microsoft.Extensions.Internal.ActivatorUtilities.GetService(IServiceProvider sp, Type type, Type requiredBy, Boolean isDefaultParameterRequired)\r\n at lambda_method(Closure , IServiceProvider , Object[] )\r\n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Controllers.ControllerFactoryProvider.<>c__DisplayClass5_0.<CreateControllerFactory>g__CreateController|0(ControllerContext controllerContext)\r\n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ControllerActionInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)\r\n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeInnerFilterAsync()\r\n at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ResourceInvoker.InvokeNextExceptionFilterAsync()
因为我想注册Factory来创建DbContext派生类IBlogContextFactory的实例,并使用Create方法实例化Blog Context的实例,以便我可以将以下模式与依赖关系注入一起使用,也可以将模拟用于单元测试。
我要使用的模式是
public async Task<List<Blog>> GetBlogsAsync()
{
using (var context = new BloggingContext())
{
return await context.Blogs.ToListAsync();
}
}
但是,我不想像下面的BlogController类那样通过构造函数注入工厂,而不是新的BloggingContext()
[Route("blogs/api/v1")]
public class BlogController : ControllerBase
{
IBloggingContextFactory _bloggingContextFactory;
public BlogController(IBloggingContextFactory bloggingContextFactory)
{
_bloggingContextFactory = bloggingContextFactory;
}
[HttpGet("blog/{id}")]
public async Task<Blog> Get(int id)
{
//validation goes here
Blog blog = null;
// Instantiage context only if needed and dispose immediately
using (IBloggingContext context = _bloggingContextFactory.CreateContext())
{
blog = await context.Blogs.FindAsync(id);
}
//Do further processing without need of context.
return blog;
}
}
这是我的服务注册代码
services
.AddDbContext<BloggingContext>()
.AddTransient<IBloggingContext, BloggingContext>()
.AddTransient<IBloggingContextFactory, BloggingContextFactory>();
以下是我的模型和工厂班级
public interface IBloggingContext : IDisposable
{
DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }
}
public class BloggingContext : DbContext, IBloggingContext
{
public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }
protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
{
optionsBuilder.UseInMemoryDatabase("blogging.db");
//optionsBuilder.UseSqlite("Data Source=blogging.db");
}
}
public interface IBloggingContextFactory
{
IBloggingContext CreateContext();
}
public class BloggingContextFactory : IBloggingContextFactory
{
private Func<IBloggingContext> _contextCreator;
public BloggingContextFactory(Func<IBloggingContext> contextCreator)// This is fine with .net and unity, this is treated as factory function, but creating problem in .netcore service provider
{
_contextCreator = contextCreator;
}
public IBloggingContext CreateContext()
{
return _contextCreator();
}
}
public class Blog
{
public Blog()
{
CreatedAt = DateTime.Now;
}
public Blog(int id, string url, string deletedBy) : this()
{
BlogId = id;
Url = url;
DeletedBy = deletedBy;
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(deletedBy))
{
DeletedAt = DateTime.Now;
}
}
public int BlogId { get; set; }
public string Url { get; set; }
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }
public DateTime? DeletedAt { get; set; }
public string DeletedBy { get; set; }
public ICollection<Post> Posts { get; set; }
public override string ToString()
{
return $"id:{BlogId} , Url:{Url} , CreatedAt : {CreatedAt}, DeletedBy : {DeletedBy}, DeletedAt: {DeletedAt}";
}
}
public class Post
{
public int PostId { get; set; }
public string Title { get; set; }
public string Content { get; set; }
public int BlogId { get; set; }
public Blog Blog { get; set; }
}
-----要在.net Core MVC项目中解决此问题-我在依赖项注册上做了以下更改
services
.AddDbContext<BloggingContext>()
.AddTransient<IBloggingContext, BloggingContext>()
.AddTransient<IBloggingContextFactory, BloggingContextFactory>(
sp => new BloggingContextFactory( () => sp.GetService<IBloggingContext>())
);
简而言之,.net核心开发人员负责注入工厂功能,在使用Unity和.Net Framework的情况下,该功能得到了照顾。
答案 23 :(得分:0)
我收到此错误消息,其中 ILogger 被注入到 .NET 5 类中。我需要添加类类型来修复它。
ILogger 记录器 --> ILogger