我必须插入多个关系并且遇到Context.SaveChanges操作的问题，这需要永远完成。我已经尝试了多种方法将这些实体添加到数据库中，但似乎没有任何帮助我。
我的模型以以下方式构建：
public class Agreement : GdSoftDeleteEntity
{
public DateTime Date { get; set; }
public AgreementType AgreementType { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<PersonAgreementRelation> PersonAgreementRelations { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<ImageSearchAppointment> ImageSearchAppointments { get; set; }
}
public class Person : GdSoftDeleteEntity
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string FirstName { get; set; }
// E-mail is in identityuser
//public string EmailAddress { get; set; }
public virtual PersonType PersonType { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<PersonAgreementRelation> PersonAgreementRelations { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<PersonPersonRelation> PersonMasters { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<PersonPersonRelation> PersonSlaves { get; set; }
}
public class PersonAgreementRelation : GdSoftDeleteEntity
{
public int PersonId { get; set; }
public virtual Person Person { get; set; }
public int AgreementId { get; set; }
public virtual Agreement Agreement { get; set; }
public virtual PersonAgreementRole PersonAgreementRole { get; set; }
}
public class ImageSearchAppointment : GdSoftDeleteEntity
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public bool ShowResultsToCustomer { get; set; }
public bool HasImageFeed { get; set; }
public int AgreementId { get; set; }
public virtual Agreement Agreement { get; set; }
public Periodicity Periodicity { get; set; }
public PeriodicityCategory PeriodicityCategory { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<ImageSearchCommand> ImageSearchCommands { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainWhitelist> ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainWhitelists { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainExtension> ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainExtensions { get; set; }
}
public class ImageSearchCommand : GdSoftDeleteEntity
{
public int ImageSearchAppointmentId { get; set; }
public virtual ImageSearchAppointment ImageSearchAppointment { get; set; }
public int? ImageSearchAppointmentCredentialsId { get; set; }
public virtual ImageSearchAppointmentCredentials ImageSearchAppointmentCredentials { get; set; }
public DateTime Date { get; set; }
//public bool Invoiced { get; set; }
public int NumberOfImages { get; set; }
public DateTime ImageCollectionProcessedDate { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<ImageSearchExecution> ImageSearchExecutions { get; set; }
}
在我的服务中，我写了以下代码：
public int AddAgreement(int personId, AgreementDto agreementDto)
{
Context.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;
//var person = Context.Persons.SingleOrDefault(el => el.Id == personId);
var person = Context.Persons
.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Id == personId);
if (person == null)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException($"No person found for Id: {personId}");
}
if (agreementDto == null)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException("Invalid agreementDto");
}
//TODO: Check if OKAY!!!
if (agreementDto.ImageSearchAppointmentDto.Count == 0)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException("Count of imagesearchappointments can't be lower than 0");
}
//set agreement properties
var agreement = new Agreement
{
Date = agreementDto.DateTime,
AgreementType = AgreementType.WwwImageSearch,
//ImageSearchAppointments = new List<ImageSearchAppointment>(),
//IsDeleted = false
};
Context.Agreements.Add(agreement);
Context.SaveChanges();
//var personAdminId = Context.Users.Single(x => x.Email == ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DefaultGdAdminEmail"]).PersonId;
// Dit werkt niet. Moet in 2 stappen
//set personagreementrelations for new agreement
var adminEmail = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DefaultGdAdminEmail"];
var personAdminId = Context.Users
.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Email == adminEmail)
.PersonId;
var personPmId = Context.Persons.Single(x => x.Name == "My name").Id;
var personAgreementRelations = new List<PersonAgreementRelation>()
{
new PersonAgreementRelation
{
AgreementId = agreement.Id,
PersonId = personId,
PersonAgreementRole = PersonAgreementRole.Client,
},
new PersonAgreementRelation
{
AgreementId = agreement.Id,
PersonAgreementRole = PersonAgreementRole.Supplier,
PersonId = personPmId,
},
new PersonAgreementRelation
{
AgreementId = agreement.Id,
PersonAgreementRole = PersonAgreementRole.Admin,
PersonId = personAdminId,
}
};
foreach (var personAgreementRelation in personAgreementRelations)
{
Context.PersonAgreementRelations.Add(personAgreementRelation);
}
Context.Configuration.ValidateOnSaveEnabled = false;
Context.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false;
Context.SaveChanges();
Context.Configuration.ValidateOnSaveEnabled = true;
Context.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = true;
Context.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = true;
return agreement.Id;
}
public void AddFirstImageSearchAppointmentToAgreement(int agreementId, ImageSearchAppointmentDto imageSearchAppointmentDto)
{
Context.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;
var agreement = Context.Agreements.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Id == agreementId);
if (agreement == null)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException($"No agreement found for id {agreementId}");
}
var appointmentType = imageSearchAppointmentDto;
if (appointmentType == null)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException($"No valid imageSearchAppointment");
}
if (appointmentType.ImageSearchCommandDto.Count == 0)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException("No imageSearchCommand");
}
var imageSearchAppointment = new ImageSearchAppointment
{
AgreementId = agreement.Id,
Agreement = agreement,
Name = appointmentType.Name,
Periodicity = appointmentType.Periodicity,
PeriodicityCategory = appointmentType.PeriodicityCategory,
ShowResultsToCustomer = appointmentType.ShowResultsToCustomer,
ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainExtensions = new List<ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainExtension>(),
ImageSearchCommands = new List<ImageSearchCommand>(),
ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainWhitelists = new List<ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainWhitelist>(),
IsDeleted = false
};
var imageSearchCommandDto = appointmentType.ImageSearchCommandDto.Single();
var imageSearchCommand = new ImageSearchCommand()
{
ImageSearchAppointment = imageSearchAppointment,
Date = imageSearchCommandDto.Date,
NumberOfImages = imageSearchCommandDto.NumberOfImages,
ImageCollectionProcessedDate = imageSearchCommandDto.ImageCollectionProcessedDate,
IsDeleted = false
};
if (imageSearchCommandDto.ImageSearchAppointmentCredentialsDto != null)
{
imageSearchCommand.ImageSearchAppointmentCredentials = new ImageSearchAppointmentCredentials
{
FtpProfileType = imageSearchCommandDto.ImageSearchAppointmentCredentialsDto.FtpProfileType,
Location = imageSearchCommandDto.ImageSearchAppointmentCredentialsDto.Location,
Username = imageSearchCommandDto.ImageSearchAppointmentCredentialsDto.Username,
Password = imageSearchCommandDto.ImageSearchAppointmentCredentialsDto.Password,
UsePassive = imageSearchCommandDto.ImageSearchAppointmentCredentialsDto.UsePassive,
IsDeleted = false
};
}
imageSearchAppointment.ImageSearchCommands.Add(imageSearchCommand);
if (!imageSearchAppointment.ShowResultsToCustomer)
{
var webDomainExtensions = appointmentType.WebDomainExtensionDtos
.Select(x => new ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainExtension()
{
ImageSearchAppointment = imageSearchAppointment,
WebDomainExtensionId = x.Id
})
.ToList();
imageSearchAppointment.ImageSearchAppointmentWebDomainExtensions = webDomainExtensions;
}
Context.ImageSearchAppointments.Add(imageSearchAppointment);
Context.SaveChanges();
Context.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = true;
}
我使用dotTrace来分析这些功能，将新实体添加到我的数据库大约需要9分钟。
数据库是Azure SQL数据库，层S3
我尝试了所提出的解决方案并调整了我的代码如下：
public int AddAgreement(int personId, AgreementDto agreementDto)
{
var agreementId = 0;
using (var context = new GdDbContext())
{
GdDbConfiguration.SuspendExecutionStrategy = true;
context.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = true;
//var person = Context.Persons.SingleOrDefault(el => el.Id == personId);
var person = context.Persons
.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Id == personId);
if (person == null)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException($"No person found for Id: {personId}");
}
//var personAdminId = Context.Users.Single(x => x.Email == ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DefaultGdAdminEmail"]).PersonId;
// Dit werkt niet. Moet in 2 stappen
//set personagreementrelations for new agreement
var adminEmail = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DefaultGdAdminEmail"];
var personAdminId = context.Users
.Where(x => x.Email == adminEmail)
.Include(x => x.Person)
.First()
.Person.Id;
var personPmId = context.Persons.First(x => x.Name == "My name").Id;
using (var dbContextTransaction = context.Database.BeginTransaction())
{
try
{
if (agreementDto == null)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException("Invalid agreementDto");
}
//TODO: Check if OKAY!!!
if (agreementDto.ImageSearchAppointmentDto.Count == 0)
{
throw new GraphicsDetectiveInvalidDataTypeException("Count of imagesearchappointments can't be lower than 0");
}
//set agreement properties
var agreement = new Agreement
{
Date = agreementDto.DateTime,
AgreementType = AgreementType.WwwImageSearch,
//ImageSearchAppointments = new List<ImageSearchAppointment>(),
//IsDeleted = false
};
context.Agreements.Add(agreement);
//Context.SaveChanges();
var personAgreementRelations = new List<PersonAgreementRelation>()
{
new PersonAgreementRelation
{
//Agreement = agreement,
AgreementId = agreement.Id,
PersonId = personId,
//Person = person,
PersonAgreementRole = PersonAgreementRole.Client,
//IsDeleted = false
},
new PersonAgreementRelation
{
//Agreement = agreement,
AgreementId = agreement.Id,
PersonAgreementRole = PersonAgreementRole.Supplier,
PersonId = personPmId,
//Person = personPm,
//IsDeleted = false
},
new PersonAgreementRelation
{
//Agreement = agreement,
AgreementId = agreement.Id,
PersonAgreementRole = PersonAgreementRole.Admin,
PersonId = personAdminId,
//Person = personAdmin,
}
};
foreach (var personAgreementRelation in personAgreementRelations)
{
context.PersonAgreementRelations.Add(personAgreementRelation);
}
//agreement.PersonAgreementRelations = personAgreementRelations;
//Context.Agreements.Add(agreement);
context.Configuration.ValidateOnSaveEnabled = false;
context.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false;
//await Context.SaveChangesAsync();
context.SaveChanges();
dbContextTransaction.Commit();
//await Task.Run(async () => await Context.SaveChangesAsync());
context.Configuration.ValidateOnSaveEnabled = true;
context.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = true;
context.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;
agreementId = agreement.Id;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
dbContextTransaction.Rollback();
throw ex;
}
}
GdDbConfiguration.SuspendExecutionStrategy = false;
}
return agreementId;
}
但它花费的时间和以前一样多
答案 0 :(得分：0)
您可以按照以下提到的建议来改善上述方法的效果。
使用FirstOrDefault()代替SingleOrDefault()。FirstOrDefault()是最快的方法。
我可以看到你在同一个方法上使用Context.SaveChanges()方法次数。这会降低方法的执行力。所以你必须避免这种情况。而不是使用事务。
像这样：EF Transactions
using (var context = new YourContext())
{
using (var dbContextTransaction = context.Database.BeginTransaction())
{
try
{
// your operations here
context.SaveChanges(); //this called only once
dbContextTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
dbContextTransaction.Rollback();
}
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：0)
您的代码存在一些性能问题
添加效果
foreach (var personAgreementRelation in personAgreementRelations)
{
Context.PersonAgreementRelations.Add(personAgreementRelation);
}
Context.Configuration.ValidateOnSaveEnabled = false;
Context.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false;
添加多个实体，然后禁用AutoDetectChanges。你通常做反向
根据您上下文中的实体数量，可能会严重影响您的效果
在方法“AddFirstImageSearchAppointmentToAgreement”中，似乎你使用的外部上下文如果已包含数千个实体则可能非常糟糕。
请参阅：Improve Entity Framework Add Performance
使用不当，使用Add方法向上下文添加实体比在数据库中保存更多时间！
SaveChanges与批量插入与BulkSaveChanges的对比
SaveChanges非常慢。对于要保存的每个记录，都需要数据库往返。对于SQL Azure用户来说尤其如此，因为存在额外的延迟。
某些库允许您执行批量插入
请参阅：
免责声明：我是该项目的所有者Entity Framework Extensions
此库具有BulkSaveChanges功能。它的工作原理与SaveChanges完全相同，但 WAY FASTER ！
// Context.SaveChanges();
Context.BulkSaveChanges();
编辑：添加其他信息＃1
我在Pastebin中粘贴了我的新代码：link
<强>交易
为什么在选择数据并将实体添加到上下文时启动事务？这只是一个非常糟糕的交易使用。
必须尽可能晚地启动交易。因为BulkSaveChanges已经在事务中执行，所以没有必要创建它。
<强> Async.Result
var personAdminId = context.Users.FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Email == adminEmail).Result.PersonId;
我不明白为什么你在这里使用异步方法......
缓存条目
var adminEmail = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DefaultGdAdminEmail"];
var personAdminId = context.Users.FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Email == adminEmail).Result.PersonId;
我不知道你多少次调用AddAgreement方法，但我怀疑管理员会改变。
因此，如果您将其调用10,000次，则每次进行10,000次数据库往返以获得相同的精确值。
改为创建一个静态变量，只获取一次值！你肯定会在这里节省很多时间
以下是我通常处理这种静态变量的方法：
var personAdminId = My.UserAdmin.Id;
public static class My
{
private static User _userAdmin;
public static User UserAdmin
{
get
{
if (_userAdmin == null)
{
using (var context = new GdDbContext())
{
var adminEmail = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DefaultGdAdminEmail"];
_userAdmin = context.Users.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Email == adminEmail);
}
}
return _userAdmin;
}
}
}
<强> LazyLoadingEnabled
在第一个代码中，您将LazyLoadingEnabled设置为false，但不在您的Pastebin代码中，
禁用LazyLoading可能会有所帮助，因为它不会创建代理实例。
取10米而不是9米
删除事务后请告诉我，如果性能稍好一点，请再次禁用LazyLoading。
下一步将是了解一些统计数据：
编辑：添加其他信息＃2
目前，提高性能的唯一方法是减少数据库往返次数。
我发现你每次都在搜索 personAdminId 。通过将此值缓存到某个静态变量，您可以在此处节省大约30秒到1分钟。
你仍然没有回答这三个问题：
这些问题的目标是了解什么是缓慢的！
例如，如果您调用AddAgreement方法10,000次并且数据库中只有2000个人，那么您可能最好在两个字典中缓存2000个人以节省20,000个数据库往返（节省一到两分钟？ ）。