ios iPhone模拟器是否会导致内存使用情况分析膨胀?

时间:2016-11-13 16:36:04

标签: ios swift xcode memory

我正在尝试在我的应用中处理大型文本文件。我知道我想在读取数据时要小心消耗的内存量。读取一段数据后,应用程序无需保留数据。

感谢“Martin R”和帖子Read a file/URL line-by-line帮助我开始努力。

我正在尝试监视应用程序的内存消耗,因为它读入大数据文件,以便我可以确定它的行为符合预期。这是我遇到问题的地方。

当我在Xcode中使用Command-I运行Instruments并且我监视分配时,我看到在读取文件期间应用程序偷看~15MB然后再下降。这是相当可重复的+/- 0.5MB。

当我在Xcode中使用Command-R运行应用程序然后让它读完文件,然后在Instruments中按下记录时,内存消耗现在膨胀到~360MB。

所以要澄清一下,我测量内存分配的两种方法是:
简介:
1. Xcode Command-I。
2.仪器记录分配。观察~15MB
模拟和简介:
1. Xcode Command-R。
2.让app运行到“IDLE” 3.仪器记录。观察~360MB。

我一直想弄清楚这里的一些事情 Q1。为什么不同? (这可能会回答我的所有问题)

Q2。我是否有真正的问题或者这只是一个问题,因为调试代码如何注释到模拟器上?

Q3。与Q2类似,如果我在真实设备上运行调试版本,它会有同样的问题吗?

Q4。对于我的应用程序,解析文件时可以接受~15MB,但不会是~360MB。还有另一种方法可以继续在我的设备上进行调试而不需要这个360MB的点击吗?

版本8.1(8B62)
塞拉利昂
2.7Ghz i5
MacBook Pro Circa 2015

附上示例代码。该文件的第一部分仅仅是来自引用帖子的代码的副本,以方便读者阅读。可以按原样使用此代码并在Xcode中运行它。底部是ViewController ViewDidLoad()方法,其中"运行"。内存“膨胀”是在“文件打开”之后。

//
//

import UIKit

/* Originally from 
 * stackoverflow:
 * https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24581517/read-a-file-url-line-by-line-in-swift 
 * posted by Martin R.
 * Much thanks!
*/
class StreamReader  {

  let encoding : String.Encoding
  let chunkSize : Int
  var fileHandle : FileHandle!
  let delimData : Data
  var buffer : Data
  var atEof : Bool

  init?(path: String, delimiter: String = "\n", encoding: String.Encoding = .utf8,
        chunkSize: Int = 4096) {

    guard let fileHandle = FileHandle(forReadingAtPath: path),
      let delimData = delimiter.data(using: encoding) else {
        return nil
    }
    self.encoding = encoding
    self.chunkSize = chunkSize
    self.fileHandle = fileHandle
    self.delimData = delimData
    self.buffer = Data(capacity: chunkSize)
    self.atEof = false
  }

  deinit {
    self.close()
  }

  /// Return next line, or nil on EOF.
  func nextLine() -> String? {
    precondition(fileHandle != nil, "Attempt to read from closed file")

    // Read data chunks from file until a line delimiter is found:
    while !atEof {
      if let range = buffer.range(of: delimData) {
        // Convert complete line (excluding the delimiter) to a string:
        let line = String(data: buffer.subdata(in: 0..<range.lowerBound), encoding: encoding)
        // Remove line (and the delimiter) from the buffer:
        buffer.removeSubrange(0..<range.upperBound)
        return line
      }
      let tmpData = fileHandle.readData(ofLength: chunkSize)
      if tmpData.count > 0 {
        buffer.append(tmpData)
      } else {
        // EOF or read error.
        atEof = true
        if buffer.count > 0 {
          // Buffer contains last line in file (not terminated by delimiter).
          let line = String(data: buffer as Data, encoding: encoding)
          buffer.count = 0
          return line
        }
      }
    }
    return nil
  }

  /// Start reading from the beginning of file.
  func rewind() -> Void {
    fileHandle.seek(toFileOffset: 0)
    buffer.count = 0
    atEof = false
  }

  /// Close the underlying file. No reading must be done after calling this method.
  func close() -> Void {
    fileHandle?.closeFile()
    fileHandle = nil
  }
}

extension StreamReader : Sequence {
  func makeIterator() -> AnyIterator<String> {
    return AnyIterator {
      return self.nextLine()
    }
  }
}



class ViewController: UIViewController {

  override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

    let path2WordList = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "large_text_file", ofType: "txt")
    var wordCnt: Int = 0

    if nil != path2WordList {
      if let aStreamReader = StreamReader(path: path2WordList!) {
        defer {  aStreamReader.close() }
        print("File openned")

        /* Read and discard */
        while aStreamReader.nextLine() != nil {
          wordCnt += 1
        }

      } // if let ...
    } // if nil ...

    print ("Final wordCnt := \(wordCnt)")
  } // viewDidLoad


  override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
    super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
  }


}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

在使用长时间运行的while循环时,我遇到过类似的问题。问题是,分配到当前自动释放池的任何内容都不会被释放,直到循环退出。

为了防范这种情况,您可以将{while循环中的内容包装在autoreleasepool(invoking:)中。这将导致循环的每次迭代都有自己的自动释放池,每次都会耗尽。

它看起来像这样:

/// Return next line, or nil on EOF.
func nextLine() -> String? {
  precondition(fileHandle != nil, "Attempt to read from closed file")

  var result: String? = nil

  // Read data chunks from file until a line delimiter is found:
  while !atEof, result == nil {
    result = autoreleasepool {
      if let range = buffer.range(of: delimData) {
        // Convert complete line (excluding the delimiter) to a string:
        let line = String(data: buffer.subdata(in: 0..<range.lowerBound), encoding: encoding)
        // Remove line (and the delimiter) from the buffer:
        buffer.removeSubrange(0..<range.upperBound)
        return line
      }
      let tmpData = fileHandle.readData(ofLength: chunkSize)
      if tmpData.count > 0 {
        buffer.append(tmpData)
      } else {
        // EOF or read error.
        atEof = true
        if buffer.count > 0 {
          // Buffer contains last line in file (not terminated by delimiter).
          let line = String(data: buffer as Data, encoding: encoding)
          buffer.count = 0
          return line
        }
      }
      return nil
    }
  }
  return result
}

至于你的内存增长是否是调试环境的副作用,很难说。但无论如何,防范这种增长可能是明智的。