我正在尝试为我的HTTP客户端编写单元测试用例,并希望使用mockito来模拟从服务器收到的响应。
public HttpResponse postRequest(String uri, String body) throws IOException {
HttpResponse response;
String url = baseUrl + uri;
try (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create()
.build()) {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
post.setEntity(new StringEntity(body));
post.setHeader(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, authorization);
post.setHeader(CONTENTTYPE_HEADER, APPLICATION_JSON);
post.setHeader(ACCEPT_HEADER, APPLICATION_JSON);
response = httpClient.execute(post);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Caught an exception" + e.getMessage().toString());
logger.error("Caught an exception" + e.getMessage().toString());
throw e;
}
return response;
}
我的测试课如下。我无法弄清楚应该如何发送我的回复正文。
public class HTTPRequestTest extends Mockito {
private String body = "{a:b}";
@Test
public void xyz throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = mock(HttpClient.class);
HttpPost httpPost = mock(HttpPost.class);
HttpResponse httpResponse = mock(HttpResponse.class);
StatusLine statusLine = mock(StatusLine.class);
when(httpClient.execute(httpPost)).thenReturn(body);
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
使用PowerMockito: 首先注释您的测试类
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(HttpClientBuilder.class)
然后您的测试方法可能类似于:
@Test
public void xyz() throws Exception {
HttpClientBuilder mockClientBuilder = PowerMockito.mock(HttpClientBuilder.class);
CloseableHttpClient mockHttpClient = PowerMockito.mock(CloseableHttpClient.class);
CloseableHttpResponse mockResponse = PowerMockito.mock(CloseableHttpResponse.class);
PowerMockito.mockStatic(HttpClientBuilder.class);
PowerMockito.when(HttpClientBuilder.class, "create").thenReturn(mockClientBuilder);
PowerMockito.when(mockClientBuilder.build()).thenReturn(mockHttpClient);
PowerMockito.when(mockHttpClient.execute(any(HttpPost.class))).thenReturn(mockResponse);
HttpResponse response = classUnderTest.postRequest("uri", "body");
//assertResponse
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
问题是您的HttpClient模拟未在单元测试中使用。
您的postRequest函数使用此方法创建一个新的HttpClient:
HttpClientBuilder.create().build()
HttpClientBuilder实例化一个新的HttpClient,它是一个完全独立的HttpClient实例,而不是你在单元测试中创建的模拟。不幸的是,没有一种简单的方法来测试您编写的代码,因为Mockito无法模拟静态方法(如HttpClientBuilder.create)。有关此问题的更多讨论以及可能的解决方法,请参阅this post。
总结一下这篇文章,您可以选择重写代码,以便更轻松地注入模拟,或者切换到可以模拟静态方法的模拟框架(如PowerMock)。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
如其他答案中所建议,PowerMock绝对是模拟静态方法的一个选项(在您的情况下为HttpClientBuilder.create()。build()),但是,对于您的特定实例,您还可以通过移动从doPost方法实例化HttpClient并将其声明为实例变量。
@Mock
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build()
这样,当您使用Mockito进行模拟时,它将是一个模拟对象。在JUnit5中,可以通过在CloseableHttpClient声明上方使用@Mock,然后在setup方法中初始化所有模拟来完成。