我有以下课程:
public class MainClass
{
public static MainClass[] array = new MainClass[1]
{
new MainClass
{
subClass = new SubClass[2]
{
new SubClass
{
variable1 = "my value"
},
new SubClass
{
variable1 = "my value"
}
}
}
};
public SubClass[] subClass;
[DataContract]
public class SubClass
{
public string variable1 = "default value";
[DataMember] // because only variable2 should be saved in json
public string variable2 = "default value";
}
}
我保存如下:
File.WriteAllText("data.txt", JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new
{
MainClass.array
}, new JsonSerializerSettings { Formatting = Formatting.Indented }));
data.txt中:
{
"array": [
{
"subClass": [
{
"variable2": "value from json"
},
{
"variable2": "value from json"
}
]
}
]
}
然后我反序列化并填充我的对象:
JObject json = JObject.Parse(File.ReadAllText("data.txt"));
if (json["array"] != null)
{
for (int i = 0, len = json["array"].Count(); i < len; i++)
{
using (var sr = json["array"][i].CreateReader())
{
JsonSerializer.CreateDefault().Populate(sr, MainClass.array[i]);
}
}
}
然而,当我打印以下变量时:
Console.WriteLine(MainClass.array[0].subClass[0].variable1);
Console.WriteLine(MainClass.array[0].subClass[0].variable2);
Console.WriteLine(MainClass.array[0].subClass[1].variable1);
Console.WriteLine(MainClass.array[0].subClass[1].variable2);
然后输出它是:
default value
value from json
default value
value from json
但不是“默认值”应该是“我的值”,因为这是我在创建类实例时使用的,而JsonSerializer应该只使用json中的值填充对象。
如何在不重置json中未包含的属性的情况下正确填充整个对象?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
好像JsonSerializer.Populate()
缺少MergeArrayHandling
可用的JObject.Merge()
设置。通过测试,我发现:
填充数组或其他类型的只读集合的成员似乎像MergeArrayHandling.Replace
一样工作。
这是您遇到的行为 - 现有数组及其中的所有项目都将被丢弃,并替换为包含具有默认值的新构造项目的新数组。相反,您需要MergeArrayHandling.Merge
:将数组项合并在一起,并与索引匹配。
填充像List<T>
这样的读/写集合的成员似乎就像MergeArrayHandling.Concat
一样。
request an enhancement Populate()
支持此设置似乎是合理的 - 尽管我不知道实施起来有多容易。 Populate()
的文档至少应该解释这种行为。
与此同时,这是一个自定义JsonConverter
,其中包含模仿MergeArrayHandling.Merge
行为的必要逻辑:
public class ArrayMergeConverter<T> : ArrayMergeConverter
{
public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
{
return objectType.IsArray && objectType.GetArrayRank() == 1 && objectType.GetElementType() == typeof(T);
}
}
public class ArrayMergeConverter : JsonConverter
{
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
if (!objectType.IsArray)
throw new JsonSerializationException(string.Format("Non-array type {0} not supported.", objectType));
var contract = (JsonArrayContract)serializer.ContractResolver.ResolveContract(objectType);
if (contract.IsMultidimensionalArray)
throw new JsonSerializationException("Multidimensional arrays not supported.");
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null)
return null;
if (reader.TokenType != JsonToken.StartArray)
throw new JsonSerializationException(string.Format("Invalid start token: {0}", reader.TokenType));
var itemType = contract.CollectionItemType;
var existingList = existingValue as IList;
IList list = new List<object>();
while (reader.Read())
{
switch (reader.TokenType)
{
case JsonToken.Comment:
break;
case JsonToken.Null:
list.Add(null);
break;
case JsonToken.EndArray:
var array = Array.CreateInstance(itemType, list.Count);
list.CopyTo(array, 0);
return array;
default:
// Add item to list
var existingItem = existingList != null && list.Count < existingList.Count ? existingList[list.Count] : null;
if (existingItem == null)
{
existingItem = serializer.Deserialize(reader, itemType);
}
else
{
serializer.Populate(reader, existingItem);
}
list.Add(existingItem);
break;
}
}
// Should not come here.
throw new JsonSerializationException("Unclosed array at path: " + reader.Path);
}
public override bool CanWrite { get { return false; } }
public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
然后将转换器添加到subClass
成员,如下所示:
[JsonConverter(typeof(ArrayMergeConverter))]
public SubClass[] subClass;
或者,如果您不想将Json.NET属性添加到数据模型中,可以将其添加到序列化程序设置中:
var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
{
Converters = new[] { new ArrayMergeConverter<MainClass.SubClass>() },
};
JsonSerializer.CreateDefault(settings).Populate(sr, MainClass.array[i]);
转换器专为阵列而设计,但可以轻松地为读/写集合创建类似的转换器,例如List<T>
。