我正在学习C中指针的向量作为赋值的一部分。然而,我的代码的一部分没有运行,我不明白为什么。 我已经包含了下面的完整代码,尽管我的问题特别在于 selectApproved 函数。
我只在 selectApproved 功能中遇到问题。它接收一个 Student 类型的指针向量,它是我定义的结构,其元素中有两个不同测试的等级。该函数应该递归地识别已经获得通过结果的学生(定义为test1 + test2> = 10)并返回指针向量,其中指针向量的每个元素都包含指向的指针。学生结构。
在发生所有递归调用之后,语句 printf("位置%d \ n",位置); 之后发生错误。具体来说,我知道错误发生在这个声明中: approved_students [position] = vector [position]; 。
我不明白为什么会发生这种错误。在所有递归调用发生之后,我动态分配指针向量以准确保存通过的学生数量: approved_students =(学生**)malloc((*通过)* sizeof(学生*)) 。据我所知,approved_student应该具有"插槽的数量" as *通过(在这种情况下是4个插槽)。 我甚至会在if语句 if(num_students == 0)中处理没有学生被批准的事件。
我知道我的递归功能运行良好,因为 printf("位置%d \ n",位置); 打印出3,这意味着4名学生有已按预期批准(学生0,1,2,3已获批准)。我正在使用的IDE(Visual Studio 2012)允许我执行 approved_students [position] = vector [position]; 。 在我看来,这句话说,例如 approved_students [position] 将包含指向位于 vector [position] 中的结构的指针。毕竟,approved_student是一个指针向量。
我真的迷失了为什么功能不起作用。有人可以帮忙吗? 我想
# include <stdio.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <string.h>
struct Studentgrade{
float test1;
float test2;
};
typedef struct Studentgrade Grade;
struct student
{
int ID_number;
char name[51];
Grade *scores;
};
typedef struct student Student;
Student *createStudent(int ID_num, char name_student[], float test1_grade, float test2_grade){
int i = 0;
Student *newStudent = (Student *) malloc(sizeof(Student));
if (newStudent == NULL){
printf("Error in memory allocation\n");
exit(1);
}
newStudent->scores = (Grade *) malloc(sizeof(Grade));
if (newStudent->scores == NULL){
printf("Error in memory allocation\n");
exit(1);
}
newStudent->scores->test1 = test1_grade;
newStudent->scores->test2 = test2_grade;
newStudent->ID_number = ID_num;
while(i < 51 && name_student[i] != '\0')
newStudent->name[i] = name_student[i++];
newStudent->name[i] = '\0';
return newStudent;
}
Student **selectApproved(Student *vector[], int num_students, int *passed){
int position;
int i;
float comparison;
Student **approved_students = NULL;
if(num_students == 0){
if(*passed == 0){
printf("No student passed\n");
return NULL;
}
else{
approved_students = (Student **) malloc( (*passed) * sizeof(Student *));
/*for (i = 0; i < (*passed); i++)
approved_students[i] = (Student *) malloc(sizeof(Student *));*/
if (approved_students == NULL){
printf("Error in memory allocation\n");
exit(1);
}
return approved_students;
}
}
comparison = (vector[0]->scores->test1) + (vector[0]->scores->test2);
if(comparison >= 10){
position = *passed;
(*passed)++;
approved_students = selectApproved(&vector[1], num_students - 1, passed);
printf("Position %d\n", position);
approved_students[position] = vector[position];
}
else
selectApproved(&vector[1], num_students - 1, passed);
return approved_students;
}
int main(void){
Student *vpstudent[12];
Student **vpstudent2;
int i = 0;
vpstudent[0] = createStudent(444,"Rita",6.4, 7.8);
vpstudent[1] = createStudent(111,"Rita",5.6, 8.8);
vpstudent[2] = createStudent(999,"Rita",8.2, 7.1);
vpstudent[3] = createStudent(555,"Dina",2.7, 6.4);
vpstudent[4] = createStudent(777,"Lana",9.5, 5.3);
vpstudent[5] = createStudent(666,"Tais",2.2, 2.8);
vpstudent[6] = createStudent(222,"Cris",3.1, 4.2);
vpstudent[7] = createStudent(333,"Vera",4.4, 5.4);
vpstudent[8] = createStudent(888,"Cris",4.4, 5.4);
vpstudent[9] = createStudent(303,"Vera",4.4, 5.4);
vpstudent[10] = createStudent(101,"Cris",5.4, 3.4);
vpstudent[11] = createStudent(202,"Vera",1.4, 8.4);
vpstudent2 = selectApproved(vpstudent, 12, &i);
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
看来你依靠selectApproved的最终递归来为你的向量分配内存。
但是,您并不能保证分配的指针实际上会返回到调用堆栈中。
&#34; if(比较&gt; = 10)&#34;的其他条件不会加载approved_students。
if(comparison >= 10){
...
approved_students = selectApproved(&vector[1], num_students - 1, passed);
...
} else {
approved_students = selectApproved(&vector[1], num_students - 1, passed);
}
return approved_students;
基于此,我会说最深层递归的学生没有通过。