使用Apache POI将文件嵌入到Excel中的XSSF表中

时间：2016-11-02 14:24:59

标签： java excel apache-poi

我找到了kiwiwings answer关于如何使用Apache POI将文件嵌入Excel的问题，但遗憾的是他的答案仅涵盖了HSSF电子表格（XLS格式），我们目前正在使用新的XSSF格式（XLSX），以及为HSSF电子表格提出的解决方案将无法正常工作。我尝试移植它，但棺材中的最后一个钉子来自于XSSF世界中没有HSSFObjectData等效的事实。

这是我到目前为止所做的 - 我找到了一种将文件附加到Excel文件的方法。这段代码就是这样做的：

private PackagePart packageNotebook(
    final OPCPackage pkg,
    final String notebookTable,
    final String taskId,
    final String notebookName,
    final byte[] contents
) throws InvalidFormatException, IOException
{
    final PackagePartName partName =
        PackagingURIHelper.createPartName( "/notebook/" + notebookTable + "/" + taskId + "/" + notebookName );
    pkg.addRelationship( partName, TargetMode.INTERNAL, PackageRelationshipTypes.CUSTOM_XML );
    final PackagePart part = pkg.createPart( partName, "text/xml" );
    IOUtils.write( contents, part.getOutputStream() );

    return part;
}

我还能够创建我想用作Excel文件中锚点的图像。然而，我无法做的是将该图像“链接”到嵌入内容，就像kiwiwings能够在他的回复中做到的那样。

我的最终目标是拥有一个包含嵌入对象的XLSX Excel文件，这样用户可以双击我在单元格中打开的锚点然后能够编辑文件，就像你一样如果您使用Excel客户端嵌入文件，请执行此操作。

有没有人有关于如何做到这一点的工作示例？

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：5)

我已经通过#60586应用了补丁，因此嵌入现在变得更加容易。以下snipplet取自corresponding JUnit test。

Workbook wb1 = new XSSFWorkbook();
Sheet sh = wb1.createSheet();
int picIdx = wb1.addPicture(getSamplePng(), Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG);
byte samplePPTX[] = getSamplePPT(true);
int oleIdx = wb1.addOlePackage(samplePPTX, "dummy.pptx", "dummy.pptx", "dummy.pptx");

Drawing<?> pat = sh.createDrawingPatriarch();
ClientAnchor anchor = pat.createAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 3, 6);
pat.createObjectData(anchor, oleIdx, picIdx);

答案 1 :(得分：2)

与HSSF/Package Manager stuff相比，这更为直截了当。 ：）

像往常一样，我开始通过Excel 2016创建必要的文件并检查xmls中的内容。 Office喜欢把很多AlternateContent tags放进去 - 在下面的解决方案中我删除了那些包装并直接提供了原始内容中的元素＆＃34; Choice＆＃34;元素，至少使用Excel2016它可以工作... - 请注意，Excel2016的原始文件中的嵌入无法在Libre Office 5 / Excel-Viewer中打开，因此您的用户需要正常安装。

我已经在POI的完整开发人员代码库中实现了它，您可能需要使用full schemas。

当用户尝试打开嵌入对象时，将替换预览图片。如果POIs WMF包可以用来动态生成预览图像会很好，但到目前为止我只实现了它们的只读:(

如果无法打开嵌入式元素，请告诉我一行用户Office安装，我会尝试相应降级。

package org.apache.poi.xssf;

import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.apache.poi.POIXMLDocument;
import org.apache.poi.hpsf.ClassID;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackagePart;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackagePartName;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackageRelationship;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackageRelationshipTypes;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackagingURIHelper;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.TargetMode;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.Ole10Native;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.Ole10NativeException;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow;
import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextBox;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDrawing;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFPicture;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRelation;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlCursor;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlObject;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTOfficeArtExtension;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTOfficeArtExtensionList;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.spreadsheetDrawing.CTPicture;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.spreadsheetDrawing.CTTwoCellAnchor;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.spreadsheetml.x2006.main.CTOleObject;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.spreadsheetml.x2006.main.CTOleObjects;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.spreadsheetml.x2006.main.CTWorksheet;

public class TestEmbed {
    static final String drawNS = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2010/main";
    static final String relationshipsNS = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships";

    // write some embedded objects to sheet
    @Test
    public void write() throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
        XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
        XSSFSheet sh = wb.createSheet();

        int imgPptId = addImageToWorkbook(wb, "ppt-icon.jpg", Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG);
        int imgPckId = addImageToWorkbook(wb, "PackageIcon.png", Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG);

        String imgPckRelId = addImageToSheet(sh, imgPckId, Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG);
        String imgPptRelId = addImageToSheet(sh, imgPptId, Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG);

        // embed two different HTML pages via package manager
        XSSFClientAnchor imgAnchor1 = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 3, 3);
        String oleRelId1 = addHtml(sh, 1);
        int shapeId1 = addImageToShape(sh, imgAnchor1, imgPckId);
        addObjectToShape(sh, imgAnchor1, shapeId1, oleRelId1, imgPckRelId, "Objekt-Manager-Shellobjekt");

        XSSFClientAnchor imgAnchor2 = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 1, 7, 3);
        String oleRelId2 = addHtml(sh, 2);
        int shapeId2 = addImageToShape(sh, imgAnchor2, imgPckId);
        addObjectToShape(sh, imgAnchor2, shapeId2, oleRelId2, imgPckRelId, "Objekt-Manager-Shellobjekt");

        // embed a slideshow (no package manager needed)
        XSSFClientAnchor imgAnchor3 = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 5, 7, 10);
        String oleRelId3 = addSlideShow(sh, 1);
        int shapeId3 = addImageToShape(sh, imgAnchor3, imgPptId);
        addObjectToShape(sh, imgAnchor3, shapeId3, oleRelId3, imgPptRelId, "Presentation");


        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("bla.xlsx");
        wb.write(fos);
        fos.close();

        wb.close();
    }

    // read Ole10Native objects from workbook
    @Test
    public void read() throws IOException, XmlException, Ole10NativeException {
        XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream("bla.xlsx"));
        XSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
        CTWorksheet cws = sheet.getCTWorksheet();
        if (!cws.isSetOleObjects()) {
            System.out.println("sheet has no ole objects");
        } else {
            Set<Integer> processedShapes = new HashSet<Integer>();
            for (XmlObject xOleObj : cws.getOleObjects().selectPath("declare namespace p='"+XSSFRelation.NS_SPREADSHEETML+"' .//p:oleObject")) {
                XmlCursor cur = xOleObj.newCursor();
                String shapeId = cur.getAttributeText(new QName("shapeId"));
                String relId = cur.getAttributeText(new QName(relationshipsNS, "id"));
                cur.dispose();

                if (processedShapes.contains(Integer.valueOf(shapeId))) {
                    continue;
                }
                processedShapes.add(Integer.valueOf(shapeId));

                PackagePart pp = sheet.getRelationById(relId).getPackagePart();
                if ("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.oleObject".equals(pp.getContentType())) {
                    InputStream is = pp.getInputStream();
                    POIFSFileSystem poifs = new POIFSFileSystem(is);
                    is.close();
                    Ole10Native ole10 = Ole10Native.createFromEmbeddedOleObject(poifs);
                    poifs.close();
                    System.out.println("Filename: "+ole10.getFileName()+" - content length: "+ole10.getDataSize());
                }
            }

        }
        wb.close();
    }



    // add a dummy html to the embeddings folder
    private static String addHtml(XSSFSheet sh, int oleId) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
        String html10 = "<html><body><marquee>This is the end. Html-id: "+oleId+"</marquee></body></html>";
        Ole10Native ole10 = new Ole10Native("html"+oleId+".html", "html"+oleId+".html", "html"+oleId+".html", html10.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"));

        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(500);
        ole10.writeOut(bos);

        POIFSFileSystem poifs = new POIFSFileSystem();
        poifs.getRoot().createDocument(Ole10Native.OLE10_NATIVE, new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray()));

        poifs.getRoot().setStorageClsid(ClassID.OLE10_PACKAGE);


        final PackagePartName pnOLE = PackagingURIHelper.createPartName( "/xl/embeddings/oleObject"+oleId+".bin" );
        final PackagePart partOLE = sh.getWorkbook().getPackage().createPart( pnOLE, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.oleObject" );
        PackageRelationship prOLE = sh.getPackagePart().addRelationship( pnOLE, TargetMode.INTERNAL, POIXMLDocument.OLE_OBJECT_REL_TYPE );
        OutputStream os = partOLE.getOutputStream();
        poifs.writeFilesystem(os);
        os.close();
        poifs.close();

        return prOLE.getId();
    }


    // add a dummy slideshow to the embeddings folder
    private static String addSlideShow(XSSFSheet sh, int pptId) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
        XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow();
        XSLFTextBox tb = ppt.createSlide().createTextBox();
        tb.setText("this is the end - PPT-ID: "+pptId);
        tb.setAnchor(new Rectangle2D.Double(100,100,100,100));

        final PackagePartName pnPPT = PackagingURIHelper.createPartName( "/xl/embeddings/sample"+pptId+".pptx" );
        final PackagePart partPPT = sh.getWorkbook().getPackage().createPart( pnPPT, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation" );
        PackageRelationship prPPT = sh.getPackagePart().addRelationship( pnPPT, TargetMode.INTERNAL, POIXMLDocument.PACK_OBJECT_REL_TYPE );
        OutputStream os = partPPT.getOutputStream();
        ppt.write(os);
        os.close();
        ppt.close();

        return prPPT.getId();
    }



    private static int addImageToWorkbook(XSSFWorkbook wb, String fileName, int pictureType) throws IOException {
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);
        int imgId = wb.addPicture(fis, pictureType);
        fis.close();
        return imgId;
    }

    private static String addImageToSheet(XSSFSheet sh, int imgId, int pictureType) throws InvalidFormatException {
        final PackagePartName pnIMG  = PackagingURIHelper.createPartName( "/xl/media/image"+(imgId+1)+(pictureType == Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG ? ".png" : ".jpeg") );
        PackageRelationship prIMG = sh.getPackagePart().addRelationship( pnIMG, TargetMode.INTERNAL, PackageRelationshipTypes.IMAGE_PART );
        return prIMG.getId();
    }


    private static int addImageToShape(XSSFSheet sh, XSSFClientAnchor imgAnchor, int imgId) {
        XSSFDrawing pat = sh.createDrawingPatriarch();
        XSSFPicture pic = pat.createPicture(imgAnchor, imgId);

        CTPicture cPic = pic.getCTPicture();
        int shapeId = (int)cPic.getNvPicPr().getCNvPr().getId();
        cPic.getNvPicPr().getCNvPr().setHidden(true);
        CTOfficeArtExtensionList extLst = cPic.getNvPicPr().getCNvPicPr().addNewExtLst();
        // https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd911027(v=office.12).aspx
        CTOfficeArtExtension ext = extLst.addNewExt();
        ext.setUri("{63B3BB69-23CF-44E3-9099-C40C66FF867C}");
        XmlCursor cur = ext.newCursor();
        cur.toEndToken();
        cur.beginElement(new QName(drawNS, "compatExt", "a14"));
        cur.insertAttributeWithValue("spid", "_x0000_s"+shapeId);


        return shapeId;
    }



    private static void addObjectToShape(XSSFSheet sh, XSSFClientAnchor imgAnchor, int shapeId, String objRelId, String imgRelId, String progId) {
        CTWorksheet cwb = sh.getCTWorksheet();
        CTOleObjects oo = cwb.isSetOleObjects() ? cwb.getOleObjects() : cwb.addNewOleObjects();

        CTOleObject ole1 = oo.addNewOleObject();
        ole1.setProgId(progId);
        ole1.setShapeId(shapeId);
        ole1.setId(objRelId);


        XmlCursor cur1 = ole1.newCursor();
        cur1.toEndToken();
        cur1.beginElement("objectPr", XSSFRelation.NS_SPREADSHEETML);
        cur1.insertAttributeWithValue("id", relationshipsNS, imgRelId);
        cur1.insertAttributeWithValue("defaultSize", "0");
        cur1.beginElement("anchor", XSSFRelation.NS_SPREADSHEETML);
        cur1.insertAttributeWithValue("moveWithCells", "1");

        CTTwoCellAnchor anchor = CTTwoCellAnchor.Factory.newInstance();
        anchor.setFrom(imgAnchor.getFrom());
        anchor.setTo(imgAnchor.getTo());

        XmlCursor cur2 = anchor.newCursor();
        cur2.copyXmlContents(cur1);
        cur2.dispose();

        cur1.toParent();
        cur1.toFirstChild();
        cur1.setName(new QName(XSSFRelation.NS_SPREADSHEETML, "from"));
        cur1.toNextSibling();
        cur1.setName(new QName(XSSFRelation.NS_SPREADSHEETML, "to"));

        cur1.dispose();
    }
}
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