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Question

我正在尝试使用Python和Chemspider API创建化学摩尔计算器。我得到了这个代码，它按名称搜索数据库：

===这项工作很精细===

    import tkinter as tk
    from tkinter import ttk
    import chemspipy
    from chemspipy import ChemSpider
    cs = ##MY CHEMSPIDER ID
    def NameSearch(*args, **kwargs):

        namesearch = tk.Tk()
        namesearch.title("Search via Name")

        def ChemSearch(*args, **kwargs):
            try:
                ChemName = ChemicalName.get()
                ChemName = cs.search(ChemName)
                if len(ChemName) >= 1:
                    ChemicalID.set(ChemName[0])
                    print(ChemicalID)
                else:
                    popupmsg("Sorry, we could not find that chemical. Please try again")
            except ValueError:
                pass

        searchframe = ttk.Frame(namesearch)
        searchframe.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky="nsew")
        searchframe.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        searchframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)

        ChemicalName = tk.StringVar()
        ChemicalID = tk.StringVar()

        Chemical_entry = ttk.Entry(searchframe, width=7, textvariable=ChemicalName)
        Chemical_entry.grid(column=3, row=1, sticky="we")

        ttk.Label(searchframe, textvariable=ChemicalID).grid(column=2, row=3, sticky=("ew"))
        ttk.Button(searchframe, text="Search", command=ChemSearch).grid(column=3, row=4, sticky="w")

        ttk.Label(searchframe, text="Chemical Name").grid(column=1, row=1, sticky="w")
        ttk.Label(searchframe, text="The ID of this chemical is: ").grid(column=1, row=3, sticky="e")

        for child in searchframe.winfo_children(): child.grid_configure(padx=5, pady=5)

        Chemical_entry.focus()
        namesearch.bind("<Return>", ChemSearch)

    NameSearch()

然后我决定使用tkinter为我的程序实现一个菜单：

cs = ##MY CHEMSPIDER ID

def popupmsg(msg):
    popup = tk.Tk()

    def leavemini():
        popup.destroy()
    popup.wm_title("!")
    label = ttk.Label(popup, text=msg)
    label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
    B1 = ttk.Button(popup, text="Okay", command = leavemini)
    B1.pack()

def NameSearch(cs, *args, **kwargs):

    namesearch = tk.Tk()
    namesearch.title("Search via Name")

    def ChemSearch(*args, **kwargs):
        try:
            ChemName = ChemicalName.get()
            ChemName = cs.search(ChemName)
            if len(ChemName) >= 1:
                ChemicalID.set(ChemName[0])
            else:
                popupmsg("Sorry, we could not find that chemical. Please try again")
                print(ChemicalID)
        except ValueError:
            print("a")
            pass

    searchframe = ttk.Frame(namesearch)
    searchframe.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky="nsew")
    searchframe.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
    searchframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)

    ChemicalName = tk.StringVar()
    ChemicalID = tk.StringVar()

    Chemical_entry = ttk.Entry(searchframe, width=7, textvariable=ChemicalName)
    Chemical_entry.grid(column=3, row=1, sticky="we")

    ttk.Label(searchframe, textvariable=ChemicalID).grid(column=2, row=3, sticky=("ew"))
    ttk.Button(searchframe, text="Search", command=ChemSearch).grid(column=3, row=4, sticky="w")

    ttk.Label(searchframe, text="Chemical Name").grid(column=1, row=1, sticky="w")
    ttk.Label(searchframe, text="The ID of this chemical is: ").grid(column=1, row=3, sticky="e")

    for child in searchframe.winfo_children(): child.grid_configure(padx=5, pady=5)

    Chemical_entry.focus()
    namesearch.bind("<Return>", ChemSearch)

class ChemApp(tk.Tk):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "Chemistry App")

        container = tk.Frame(self)

        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)

        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        menubar = tk.Menu(container)
        searchmenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        searchmenu.add_command(label="Search by Name", command=lambda: NameSearch(cs))
        searchmenu.add_separator()
        searchmenu.add_command(label="Exit", command=quit)
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Search", menu=searchmenu)



        tk.Tk.config(self, menu=menubar)

        self.frames = {}

        for F in (StartPage,):

            frame = F(container, self)

            self.frames[F] = frame

            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")

        self.show_frame(StartPage)

    def show_frame(self, cont):

        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()


class StartPage(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text="Start Page")
        label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)

        button = ttk.Button(self, text="Search for a Chemical",
                            command=lambda: controller.show_frame(NameSearch))
        button.pack()

app = ChemApp()
app.geometry("1280x720")
app.mainloop()

然而，当通过按下tkinter菜单按钮（在GUI中搜索下）触发的功能运行时，它拒绝从数据库返回正确的值。据我所知，我已经传递了所有必需的变量，并且它在以前的相同环境中运行，它只是不起作用。 任何帮助都会非常感激，因为它一直令人不安

Answer 1

您不能在应用程序中拥有多个Tk的实例。您需要拨打Tk()一次。如果您需要更多窗口，请创建Toplevel。

的实例