Inno在Delphi DLL中设置Unicode版本和字符串参数

时间:2016-11-01 14:55:31

标签: delphi dll unicode parameters inno-setup

我在Delphi 10.1中编写了一个DLL,它使用Devart IBDac组件来允许在安装中备份和恢复Firebird DB(将应用程序从Firebird 1.5升级到3)。使用Ansi Inno Setup 5.5.9一切正常。因为我想避免AnsiStringPAnsiChar作为参数(为了更方便地使用Delphi),我安装了Inno Setup Unicode版本5.5.9(u)并更改了AnsiString / {的参数{1}}到DLL中的PAnsiChar以及Inno安装脚本中的String。我也在Inno Setup脚本中尝试了WideString,但这根本不起作用。 Inno Setup无法识别PChar

奇怪的是脚本部分工作,参数正确传输到DLL但我在与参数无关的情况下遇到GPF:

  • 对DLL中的字符串使用trim(无参数!)会创建GPF。
  • 创建DBConnection-Object也会创建一个GPF。

我认为参数类型是这种邪恶的根源。这是我在DLL和脚本中唯一改变的东西。 AnsiString版本仍然可以使用。

感谢您分享我在这里做错的任何想法。

更新:请求的示例代码:

从资源运行脚本的Delphi过程在第一个语句中失败。在第一行中MessageBox我验证了所有参数都正确到达。

procedure runScript(aServer, aDatabase, aUser, aPW, aPort, DLL, script: String); stdcall;
var
  ResStream: TResourceStream;
  DB: TIBCConnection;
  SC: TIBCScript;
  { Muss Ansistring sein wegen Resourcestream }
  s: ansistring;
begin
  try
    DB := TIBCConnection.create(nil);
    SC := TIBCScript.create(nil);
    SC.Connection := DB;
    try
      DB.clientlibrary := DLL;
      DB.Database := aDatabase;
      DB.Server := aServer;
      DB.Username := aUser;
      DB.Password := aPW;
      DB.Port := aPort;
      DB.connected := true;
      ResStream := TResourceStream.create(hInstance, script, RT_RCDATA);
      setlength(s, ResStream.size);
      ResStream.ReadBuffer(s[1], ResStream.size);
      SC.SQL.Text := String(s);
      SC.Execute;
      DB.close;
    finally
      SC.free;
      DB.free;
    end;
  except
    on e: Exception do
    begin
      MessageBox(0, PChar(e.message), PChar('Setup - Fehler in "' + script + '"'), mb_ok);
      raise;
    end;
  end;
end;

Inno Setup(Unicode)中过程的定义。其他必需的DLL在第一个函数定义中声明,因此它们都存在。它适用于AnsiString / PAnsiChar

procedure runScript(aServer, aDatabase, aUser, aPW, aPort, DLL, script: String); 
    external 'runScript@files:itcsetupfb.dll stdcall setuponly';

此恢复功能有效,但前提是我不在函数中使用TRIM():

procedure restoreDB(destServer, destDatabase, destSysdbaPW, aBackupfile, aPort, DLL: String; PBRange: integer;
  PbHandle, LblHandle, WizHandle: THandle); stdcall;
var
  IBCRestoreService1: TIBCRestoreService;
  cnt: integer;
  s: String;
  Msg: TMsg;
begin
  IBCRestoreService1 := TIBCRestoreService.create(nil);
  SendMessage(PbHandle, PBM_SETRANGE, 0, PBRange shl 16);
  cnt := 0;
  try
    try
      with IBCRestoreService1 do
      begin
        clientlibrary := DLL;
        Database.Text := destDatabase;
        Server := destServer;
        Username := 'sysdba';
        Password := destSysdbaPW;
        Port := aPort;
        Options := [roFixFssMetadata, roNoValidityCheck, roFixFssData, roOneRelationAtATime, roDeactivateIndexes];
        FixFssCharset := 'ISO8859_1';
        BackupFile.Text := aBackupfile;
        PageSize := 16384;
        verbose := true;
        Attach;
        try
          ServiceStart;
          while IsServiceRunning do
          begin
            inc(cnt);
            if cnt > PBRange then
              cnt := 0;
            s := GetNextLine + ' ';
            { this was formerly s:=trim(strinGreplace(s,'gbak:','', }
            { [rfReplaceall,rfIgnoreCase])). I Identified the trim to be the  }
            { cause of the GPF. Very strange. }
            delete(s, 1, 5);
            while (length(s) > 0) and (s[1] = #32) do
              delete(s, 1, 1);
            { if we have no message file (local fb15) }
            if pos('format message', s) > 0 then
              s := 'Arbeite ...';
            SendMessage(LblHandle, $0C, 0, longint(s));
            SendMessage(PbHandle, PBM_SETPOS, cnt, 0);
            while PeekMessage(Msg, WizHandle, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE) do
            begin
              TranslateMessage(Msg);
              DispatchMessage(Msg);
            end;
            UpdateWindow(PbHandle);
          end;
        finally
          detach;
        end;
      end;
    finally
      IBCRestoreService1.free;
    end;
  except
    on e: Exception do
    begin
      MessageBox(0,
        PChar('Die Wiederherstellung der EMILpro Datenbank ist leider fehlgeschlagen. Folgender Fehler trat auf: ' +
        #13#10#10 + e.message), 'Setup - Fehler bei Wiederherstellung', mb_ok);
      raise;
    end;
  end;
end;

此功能在Inno Setup中声明如下:

procedure restoreDB(destServer, destDatabase, destSysdbaPW, aBackupfile, aPort, DLL: String; 
         PBRange: integer; PbHandle,LblHandle,WizHandle: THandle); 
         external 'restoreDB@files:itcsetupfb.dll,fbclient.dll,gds32.dll,icudt52.dll,icudt52l.dat,icuin52.dll,icuuc52.dll,fbintl.dll,firebird.conf,firebird.msg,ib_util.dll,engine12.dll,msvcp100.dll,msvcr100.dll,fbintl.conf stdcall setuponly';

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您不能在Inno Setup的DLL API中使用string类型,原因至少有两个:

  • 当您将函数参数声明为PChar时,Inno Setup将始终假设实际参数类型为string

  • string是“智能”类型,用于执行内部分配和引用计数。这样的类不能传递DLL边界,因为DLL不能释放由应用程序分配的内存,反之亦然,因为每个都有自己的内存管理器。更多内存布局和类的内部逻辑可能因Delphi版本(用于构建Inno Setup和DLL的版本)而异。

在Delphi中将参数实现为PWideChar(= PChar),并在Unicode Inno Setup中将参数声明为(wide)string。我没有看到在Delphi中使用PWideChar用于“in”参数的任何不便。您可以在任何可以使用string的地方使用它。

有关类似讨论,请参阅
Exchanging strings (PChar) between a Freepascal compiled DLL and a Delphi compiled EXE

答案 1 :(得分:1)

此答案提供了如何从 DLL 获取字符串的完整示例。我用的是 FPC 而不是 Delphi,但应该差不多。

DLL 的源代码:

{$MODE OBJFPC}
{$H+}

library Sample;

uses
  SysUtils;

function GetSampleString(Buffer: PWideChar; NumChars: DWORD): DWORD; stdcall;
var
  OutStr: UnicodeString;
begin
  OutStr := 'sample output string';
  if Assigned(Buffer) and (NumChars >= Length(OutStr)) then
    StrPCopy(Buffer, OutStr);
  result := Length(OutStr);
end;

exports
  GetSampleString;

end.

DLL 函数的参数如下:

  • Buffer:指向字符串缓冲区的指针
  • NumChars:缓冲区所需的字符数,不包括终止空字符

与 Windows API 一样,调用该函数两次。第一次调用获取所需的字符数,第二次调用将字符串复制到缓冲区中。该函数返回缓冲区所需的字符数,不包括终止空字符。

Inno 设置代码:

function GetSampleString(Buffer: string; NumChars: DWORD): DWORD;
  external 'GetSampleString@Sample.dll stdcall';

function SampleString(): string;
var
  NumChars: DWORD;
  OutStr: string;
begin
  result := '';
  NumChars := GetSampleString('', 0);  // First call: Get # chars needed
  SetLength(OutStr, NumChars);         // Allocate string
  if GetSampleString(OutStr, NumChars) > 0 then
    result := OutStr;
end;