使用已注册的动词调用ShellExecute时,Windows 10会出错

时间:2016-10-31 08:33:15

标签: c# windows-10 shellexecute

我们遇到了一个奇怪的问题,似乎我们不是唯一的问题(见底部注释)。

问题是我们想用shell动词printto调用ShellExecute。我们正在检查它是否已注册,如果是,请启动流程。可以在ProcessStartInfo.Verbs中检索已注册的动词。

ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo();

startInfo.FileName = @"C:\test.jpg";
startInfo.Verb = "printto";
startInfo.Arguments = "MyPrinter";
startInfo.UseShellExecute = true;

if (!startInfo.Verbs.Contains("printto"))
    throw new Exception("PrintTo is not supported!");

try
{
    Process.Start(startInfo);
}
catch (Win32Exception ex) when (ex.NativeErrorCode == 1155)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Somehow printto is NOT registered...");
}

当使用Photos UWP应用程序作为默认查看器运行Windows 10时,控制台将打印出一个代码为1155的Win32Exception,这意味着文件类型未注册(对于给定的动词)。如果(旧)Windows图片查看器是默认设置,则可以正常工作。

请注意,我们正在检查动词是否已注册,如果是,则仅调用此动词。似乎微软在这里做了不同的事情。

最大的问题是:为什么这两个MS API不能再一起玩了,我们怎么能绕过它呢?

注意: 有一个旧的讨论,答案不是特别正确,但也有一个稍微不同的问题描述: Windows 8 blows error on c# process for printing pdf file, how?

因此,我决定开始一个新问题,并希望它符合SO原则。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

ProcessStartInfo.Verbs属性有点破,因为它没有考虑更新版本的Windows(Windows 8及更高版本)如何检索已注册的应用程序。该属性仅检查为HKCR\.ext下定义的ProgId注册的动词(如reference source中所示),并且不考虑其他位置,例如注册表项HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\FileExts\.ext下方或其他一些地方,例如通过政策定义。

获取已注册的动词

最好的方法是不依赖于直接检查注册表(由ProcessStartInfo类完成),而是使用适当的Windows API函数AssocQueryString来检索关联的ProgId:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Win32;

class Program
{
    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string fileName = @"E:\Pictures\Sample.jpg";
        string progId = AssocQueryString(AssocStr.ASSOCSTR_PROGID, fileName);

        var verbs = GetVerbsByProgId(progId);

        if (!verbs.Contains("printto"))
        {
            throw new Exception("PrintTo is not supported!");
        }

    }

    private static string[] GetVerbsByProgId(string progId)
    {
        var verbs = new List<string>();

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(progId))
        {
            using (var key = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(progId + "\\shell"))
            {
                if (key != null)
                {
                    var names = key.GetSubKeyNames();
                    verbs.AddRange(
                        names.Where(
                            name => 
                                string.Compare(
                                    name, 
                                    "new", 
                                    StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) 
                                != 0));
                }
            }
        }

        return verbs.ToArray();
    }

    private static string AssocQueryString(AssocStr association, string extension)
    {
        uint length = 0;
        uint ret = AssocQueryString(
            AssocF.ASSOCF_NONE, association, extension, "printto", null, ref length);
        if (ret != 1) //expected S_FALSE
        {
            throw new Win32Exception();
        }

        var sb = new StringBuilder((int)length);
        ret = AssocQueryString(
            AssocF.ASSOCF_NONE, association, extension, null, sb, ref length);
        if (ret != 0) //expected S_OK
        {
            throw new Win32Exception();
        }

        return sb.ToString();
    }

    [DllImport("Shlwapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern uint AssocQueryString(
        AssocF flags,
        AssocStr str,
        string pszAssoc,
        string pszExtra,
        [Out] StringBuilder pszOut,
        ref uint pcchOut);

    [Flags]
    private enum AssocF : uint
    {
        ASSOCF_NONE = 0x00000000,
        ASSOCF_INIT_NOREMAPCLSID = 0x00000001,
        ASSOCF_INIT_BYEXENAME = 0x00000002,
        ASSOCF_OPEN_BYEXENAME = 0x00000002,
        ASSOCF_INIT_DEFAULTTOSTAR = 0x00000004,
        ASSOCF_INIT_DEFAULTTOFOLDER = 0x00000008,
        ASSOCF_NOUSERSETTINGS = 0x00000010,
        ASSOCF_NOTRUNCATE = 0x00000020,
        ASSOCF_VERIFY = 0x00000040,
        ASSOCF_REMAPRUNDLL = 0x00000080,
        ASSOCF_NOFIXUPS = 0x00000100,
        ASSOCF_IGNOREBASECLASS = 0x00000200,
        ASSOCF_INIT_IGNOREUNKNOWN = 0x00000400,
        ASSOCF_INIT_FIXED_PROGID = 0x00000800,
        ASSOCF_IS_PROTOCOL = 0x00001000,
        ASSOCF_INIT_FOR_FILE = 0x00002000
    }

    private enum AssocStr
    {
        ASSOCSTR_COMMAND = 1,
        ASSOCSTR_EXECUTABLE,
        ASSOCSTR_FRIENDLYDOCNAME,
        ASSOCSTR_FRIENDLYAPPNAME,
        ASSOCSTR_NOOPEN,
        ASSOCSTR_SHELLNEWVALUE,
        ASSOCSTR_DDECOMMAND,
        ASSOCSTR_DDEIFEXEC,
        ASSOCSTR_DDEAPPLICATION,
        ASSOCSTR_DDETOPIC,
        ASSOCSTR_INFOTIP,
        ASSOCSTR_QUICKTIP,
        ASSOCSTR_TILEINFO,
        ASSOCSTR_CONTENTTYPE,
        ASSOCSTR_DEFAULTICON,
        ASSOCSTR_SHELLEXTENSION,
        ASSOCSTR_DROPTARGET,
        ASSOCSTR_DELEGATEEXECUTE,
        ASSOCSTR_SUPPORTED_URI_PROTOCOLS,
        ASSOCSTR_PROGID,
        ASSOCSTR_APPID,
        ASSOCSTR_APPPUBLISHER,
        ASSOCSTR_APPICONREFERENCE,
        ASSOCSTR_MAX
    }
}

实际打印图像

但是,这并不能解决您的实际问题,即在Windows 10上打印图像。如果您要求打印图像,则可以使用PrintDocument中的System.Drawing.Printing类来执行此操作。如本相关帖子中所述的命名空间:Print images in C#

PrintDocument pd = new PrintDocument();
pd.PrintPage += PrintPage;
pd.Print();    

private void PrintPage(object o, PrintPageEventArgs e)
{
    System.Drawing.Image img = System.Drawing.Image.FromFile("D:\\Foto.jpg");
    Point loc = new Point(100, 100);
    e.Graphics.DrawImage(img, loc);     
}