将字符串拆分为字母数组 - 双字符字母PHP

时间:2016-10-29 13:15:08

标签: php arrays string

我需要将一个字符串拆分成一个字母数组。问题是,用我的语言(克罗地亚语)也有双字符字母(例如lj,nj,dž)。

因此,应将ljubičicajecvijet之类的字符串拆分为如下所示的数组:

Array
(
    [0] => lj
    [1] => u
    [2] => b
    [3] => i
    [4] => č
    [5] => i
    [6] => c
    [7] => a
    [8] => j
    [9] => e
    [10] => c
    [11] => v
    [12] => i
    [13] => j
    [14] => e
    [15] => t
)

以下是数组中的克罗地亚字符列表(我还包括英文字母)。

$alphabet= array(
            'a', 'b', 'c',
            'č', 'ć', 'd',
            'dž', 'đ', 'e',
            'f', 'g', 'h',
            'i', 'j', 'k',
            'l', 'lj', 'm',
            'n', 'nj', 'o',
            'p', 'q', 'r',
            's', 'š', 't',
            'u', 'v', 'w',
            'x', 'y', 'z', 'ž'
          );

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您可以使用此类解决方案:

数据:

$text = 'ljubičicajecviježdžt';

$alphabet = [
            'a', 'b', 'c',
            'č', 'ć', 'd',
            'dž', 'đ', 'e',
            'f', 'g', 'h',
            'i', 'j', 'k',
            'l', 'lj', 'm',
            'n', 'nj', 'o',
            'p', 'q', 'r',
            's', 'š', 't',
            'u', 'v', 'w',
            'x', 'y', 'z', 'ž'
];

<强> 1。按长度订购结果,以便在开头有双字母

// 2 letters first
usort($alphabet, function($a, $b) {
    if( mb_strlen($a) != mb_strlen($b) )
        return mb_strlen($a) < mb_strlen($b);
    else
        return $a > $b;
});

var_dump($alphabet);

<强> 2。最后,拆分。我使用preg_split函数和preg_quote来保护函数。

// split
$alphabet = array_map('preg_quote', $alphabet); // protect preg_split
$pattern = implode('|', $alphabet); // 'dž|lj|nj|a|b|c|d|e|f|g|h|i|j|k|l|m|n|o|p|q|r|s|t|u|v|w|x|y|z|ć|č|đ|š|ž'

var_dump($pattern);

var_dump( preg_split('`(' . $pattern . ')`si', $text, null, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE | PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY) );

结果:)

array (size=18)
  0 => string 'lj' (length=2)
  1 => string 'u' (length=1)
  2 => string 'b' (length=1)
  3 => string 'i' (length=1)
  4 => string 'č' (length=2)
  5 => string 'i' (length=1)
  6 => string 'c' (length=1)
  7 => string 'a' (length=1)
  8 => string 'j' (length=1)
  9 => string 'e' (length=1)
  10 => string 'c' (length=1)
  11 => string 'v' (length=1)
  12 => string 'i' (length=1)
  13 => string 'j' (length=1)
  14 => string 'e' (length=1)
  15 => string 'ž' (length=2)
  16 => string 'dž' (length=3)
  17 => string 't' (length=1)

答案 1 :(得分:1)

或者您可以使用它来确保检查每个double是否匹配,如果确实如此(您可以减少$alphabet - 数组以匹配我的解决方案中的那些双字符:

<?php

ini_set('display_errors',1); // this should be commented out in production environments
error_reporting(E_ALL); // this should be commented out in production environments


$string = 'ljubičicajecvijet';

$alphabet= [
            'a', 'b', 'c',
            'č', 'ć', 'd',
            'dž', 'đ', 'e',
            'f', 'g', 'h',
            'i', 'j', 'k',
            'l', 'lj', 'm',
            'n', 'nj', 'o',
            'p', 'q', 'r',
            's', 'š', 't',
            'u', 'v', 'w',
            'x', 'y', 'z', 'ž'
          ];

function str_split_unicode($str, $length = 1) {
    $tmp = preg_split('~~u', $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
    if ($length > 1) {
        $chunks = array_chunk($tmp, $length);
        foreach ($chunks as $i => $chunk) {
            $chunks[$i] = join('', (array) $chunk);
        }
        $tmp = $chunks;
    }
    return $tmp;
}

$new_array = str_split_unicode($string,2);

foreach ($new_array as $key => $value) {
    if (strlen($value) == 2) {
        if (in_array($value, $alphabet)) {
            $test[$key] = $value;
            unset($new_array[$key]);
        }
    }
}

$new_array = str_split_unicode(join('',$new_array)); 

foreach ($test as $key => $value) {
    array_splice($new_array, $key, 0, $value);  
}

print_r($new_array);

?>