为什么django身份验证无法识别request.user变量？

Question

我正在使用Django 1.10。我有以下设置：

settings.py：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'IFTHQ',
    'rest_framework'
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

Views.py：

from django.shortcuts import render
from IFTHQ import models
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
# Create your views here.


def home(request):
    """A view of all bands."""
    return render(request, 'IFTHQ/publicpages/front.html')


@login_required(login_url="login/")
def dashboard(request):
    member = models.Member.objects.get(id=request.user.id)
    data = {}
    data["profile"] = member
    return render(request, 'IFTHQ/dashboard/dashboard.html', {"data": data})

@login_required(login_url="login/")
def membership(request):
    data = {}
    data["profile"] = member
    return render(request, 'IFTHQ/dashboard/membership.html', {"data": data})

我确认会员对象中有成员，但是，当我登录时，我收到此错误：

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://<<domain>>/

Django Version: 1.10.2
Python Version: 3.5.2
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'IFTHQ',
 'rest_framework']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback:

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
  39.             response = get_response(request)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  187.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  185.                 response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  23.                 return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/trekfed/IFTHQ/views.py" in dashboard
  14.     member = models.Member.objects.get(id=request.user.id)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py" in manager_method
  85.                 return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in get
  385.                 self.model._meta.object_name

Exception Type: DoesNotExist at /
Exception Value: Member matching query does not exist.

似乎它找不到request.user.id中的成员。我错过了什么？感谢。

更新1： 会员型号：

class Member(models.Model):
    User = models.OneToOneField(User, related_name='user')
    FID = models.FloatField()
    backup_email = models.CharField(max_length=512)
    FName = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    MName = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    LName = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    Avatar = models.FileField(upload_to='Avatar/%Y/%m/%d', blank=True)
    Cover = models.FileField(upload_to='Cover/%Y/%m/%d', blank=True)
    Facebook = models.URLField(default='', blank=True)
    GooglePlus = models.URLField(default='', blank=True)
    Twitter = models.URLField(default='', blank=True)
    Website = models.URLField(default='', blank=True)
    Bio = models.TextField(default='', blank=True)
    GENDER_CHOICES = (
        ('M', 'Male'),
        ('F', 'Female'),
    )
    Gender = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES)
    Hair_Choices = (
        ('Blond', 'Blond'),
        ('Black', 'Black'),
        ('Brown', 'Brown'),
        ('Brunette', 'Brunette'),
        ('Red', 'Red'),
        ('Auburn', 'Auburn'),
        ('Gray', 'Gray'),
        ('White', 'White'),
        ('Colorful', 'Colorful'),
        ('None', 'None'),
        ('N/A', 'Not Applicable')
    )
    Hair = models.CharField(max_length=25, choices=Hair_Choices)
    Height = models.FloatField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.FName + " " + self.LName

    def shortrank(self):
        return Rank.objects.filter(User=self.id).order_by("-date_promoted")[0].Rank.SName

    def currentrank(self):
        return Rank.objects.filter(User=self.id).order_by("-date_promoted")[0].Rank.LongName

    def rank_img(self):
        return Rank.objects.filter(User=self.id).order_by("-date_promoted")[0].Rank.image

    def primary_address(self):
        return MemberAddress.objects.get(AddressFK=self.id, Default=True)

    def primary_phone(self):
        return MemberPhone.objects.get(PhoneFK=self.id, Default=True)

    def awards(self):
        return Award.objects.filter(Member=self.id)

此屏幕截图显示连接确实存在。

更新2： models.py：

class Member(models.Model):
    User = models.OneToOneField(User)
    ...<More>...

Views.py：

@login_required(login_url="login/")
def dashboard(request):
    member = request.user.member
    data = {}
    data["profile"] = member
    return render(request, 'IFTHQ/dashboard/dashboard.html', {"data": data})

新错误：

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: <<domain.com>>

Django Version: 1.10.2
Python Version: 3.5.2
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'IFTHQ',
 'rest_framework']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback:

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
  39.             response = get_response(request)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  187.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  185.                 response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  23.                 return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/trekfed/IFTHQ/views.py" in dashboard
  14.     member = request.user.member

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py" in inner
  235.         return func(self._wrapped, *args)

File "/home/arcee123/trekfed/env-trekfed/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/related_descriptors.py" in __get__
  370.                     self.related.get_accessor_name()

Exception Type: RelatedObjectDoesNotExist at /
Exception Value: User has no member.

Answer 1

request.user.id为您提供用户表中的ID。如果您想要获取相关成员，那么您应该过滤user字段，而不是id字段。

member = models.Member.objects.get(user=request.user.id)

如果从外键中删除related_name='user'，则可以执行以下操作：

member = request.user.member

使用related_name='user'，您可以执行member = request.user.user。但是，这会让人感到困惑，因为向后关系会给你一个Member，而不是User。