Question

我正在尝试使用Android中的SpongyCastle生成ECDSA密钥对。这是代码：

static {
    Security.insertProviderAt(new org.spongycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider(), 1);
}

public static KeyPair generate() {
        ECParameterSpec ecSpec = ECNamedCurveTable.getParameterSpec("prime256v1");
        KeyPairGenerator generator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("ECDSA", "SC");
        generator.initialize(ecSpec, new SecureRandom());
        KeyPair keyPair = g.generateKeyPair();
        Log.i(TAG, "EC Pub Key generated: " + utils.bytesToHex(keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded()));
        Log.i(TAG, "EC Private Key generated: " + utils.bytesToHex(keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded()));            
       return generator.generateKeyPair();
}

有些事情是错的，因为我总是得到类似的例子公钥：

3059301306072A8648CE3D020106082A8648CE3D03010703420004483ABA9F322240010ECF00E818C041A60FE71A2BD64C64CD5A60519985F110AEDE6308027D2730303F5E2478F083C7F5BB683DCAC22BFEB62F3A48BD01009F40

和私钥：

308193020100301306072A8648CE3D020106082A8648CE3D030107047930770201010420219AB4B3701630973A4B2917D53F69A4BE6DAD61F48016BFEF147B2999575CB2A00A06082A8648CE3D030107A14403420004483ABA9F322240010ECF00E818C041A60FE71A2BD64C64CD5A60519985F110AEDE6308027D2730303F5E2478F083C7F5BB683DCAC22BFEB62F3A48BD01009F40

网站ECDSA sample向我提供“无效的ECDSA签名消息”，它们看起来与那个较小的私钥非常不同，并且始终以同一网站中生成的“04”公钥开头。

另外，我的后端验证给出了错误“无效点编码0x30”

后端Java方法检查是：

public ECPublicKey getPublicKeyFromHex(String publicKeyHex)
        throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, DecoderException, ApplicationGenericException {
    byte[] rawPublicKey = Hex.decodeHex(publicKeyHex.toCharArray());
    ECPublicKey ecPublicKey = null;
    KeyFactory kf = null;

    ECNamedCurveParameterSpec ecNamedCurveParameterSpec = ECNamedCurveTable.getParameterSpec("prime256v1");
    ECCurve curve = ecNamedCurveParameterSpec.getCurve();
    EllipticCurve ellipticCurve = EC5Util.convertCurve(curve, ecNamedCurveParameterSpec.getSeed());
    java.security.spec.ECPoint ecPoint = ECPointUtil.decodePoint(ellipticCurve, rawPublicKey);
    java.security.spec.ECParameterSpec ecParameterSpec = EC5Util.convertSpec(ellipticCurve,
            ecNamedCurveParameterSpec);
    java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec publicKeySpec = new java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec(ecPoint,
            ecParameterSpec);

    kf = KeyFactory.getInstance("ECDSA", new BouncyCastleProvider());

    try {
        ecPublicKey = (ECPublicKey) kf.generatePublic(publicKeySpec);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new ApplicationGenericException(e.getMessage(), e.getCause());
    }

    return ecPublicKey;
}

Answer 1

Java PublicKey的默认编码是"X.509"，它不仅仅是EC点;它是一个ASN.1结构，用于识别算法（EC）和参数（此处为prime256v1）以及包含该点的BIT STRING;见rfc5280 section 4.2.1.7和rfc3279 section 2.3.5。

类似地，PrivateKey的默认编码是"PKCS#8"（未加密），这是一个包含AlgorithmIdentifier加上包含数据的OCTET STRING的结构，在这种情况下包含私钥值和副本公钥，请参阅rfc5208 section 5文档SEC 1的http://www.secg.org和C.4，但标记为[0]但标记[1]已存在。

要将其中的一个或两个读回Java，请分别在KeyFactory.getInstance("EC")或generate{Public,Private}上获取X509EncodedKeySpec并使用PKCS8EncodedKeySpec。 ECDSA和ECDH（以及ECMQV等）使用相同的键结构，不同于使用相同数学结构（$ Z_p ^ * $）但表示略有不同的经典整数DSA和DH。

PS：javadoc for java.security.Key告诉你大部分内容。

Answer 2

更实际的例子。将生成的公钥转换为已解码的字节数组或十六进制字符串：

public String getPublicKeyAsHex(PublicKey publicKey){

    ECPublicKey ecPublicKey = (ECPublicKey)publicKey;
    ECPoint ecPoint = ecPublicKey.getW();

    byte[] publicKeyBytes = new byte[PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH];
    writeToStream(publicKeyBytes, 0, ecPoint.getAffineX(), PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH);
    writeToStream(publicKeyBytes, PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH, ecPoint.getAffineY(), PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH);

    String hex = Hex.toHexString(publicKeyBytes);

    logger.debug("Public key bytes: " + Arrays.toString(publicKeyBytes));
    logger.debug("Public key hex: " + hex);

    return hex;
}

private void writeToStream(byte[] stream, int start, BigInteger value, int size) {
    byte[] data = value.toByteArray();
    int length = Math.min(size, data.length);
    int writeStart = start + size - length;
    int readStart = data.length - length;
    System.arraycopy(data, readStart, stream, writeStart, length);
}

将解码后的字节数组转换回PublicKey：

KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM, ALGORITHM_PROVIDER);

ECNamedCurveParameterSpec spec = ECNamedCurveTable.getParameterSpec(CURVE);

ECNamedCurveSpec params = new ECNamedCurveSpec(CURVE, spec.getCurve(), spec.getG(), spec.getN());

BigInteger xCoordinate = new BigInteger(1, Arrays.copyOfRange(decodedPublicKey, 0, PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH));
BigInteger yCoordinate = new BigInteger(1, Arrays.copyOfRange(decodedPublicKey, PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH, PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH));
java.security.spec.ECPoint w = new java.security.spec.ECPoint(xCoordinate, yCoordinate);

PublicKey encodedPublicKey = factory.generatePublic(new java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec(w, params));

如何生成有效的ECDSA EC密钥对？

2 个答案: