我正在尝试设置此API,以便我可以使用“PUT”更新模型“MOVIE”中项目的一个/多个“TAG”。标签是MOVIE上的M2M。我发布了电影中项目的PK。
我的httpie工作(返回200OK)但没有创建任何内容。当我发布整个JSON(使用fetch)时,它只是在MOVIE(link)上创建TAG但没有M2M关系。
httpie
http -f PUT http://localhost:8000/api/Edit/3/ tag:='{"name": "TEST"}'
Models.py
class Tag(models.Model):
name = models.CharField("Name", max_length=5000, blank=True)
taglevel = models.IntegerField("Tag level", null=True, blank=True)
class Movie(models.Model):
title = models.CharField("Whats happening?", max_length=10000, blank=True)
tag = models.ManyToManyField('Tag', blank=True)
Serializers.py
class Tag1Serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Tag
fields = ('name',)
class EditSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
tag = Tag1Serializer(many=True, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Movie
fields = ('title', 'tag', 'info', 'created', 'status')
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
tags_data = validated_data.pop('tag')
for tag_data in tags_data:
tag_qs = Tag.objects.filter(name__iexact=tag_data['name'])
if tag_qs.exists():
tag = tag_qs.first()
else:
tag = Tag.objects.get(**tag_data)
instance.tag.add(tag)
return movie
Views.py
class MovieViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Movie.objects.all()
serializer_class = MovieSerializer
错误:
Traceback
tags_data = validated_data.pop('tag')
KeyError: 'tag'
答案 0 :(得分:5)
drf模型序列化程序类上没有put
方法,因此没有调用put(self, validated_data)
。使用:update(self, instance, validated_data)
代替。保存实例的文档:http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#saving-instances
django模型查询集也没有它:Movie.objects.put
和Tag.objects.put
。您已经拥有电影的instance
参数,如果您要查询标签,则可能需要Tag.objects.get
或Tag.objects.filter
? QuerySet API参考:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/models/querysets/#queryset-api
在验证序列化程序方法被调用之后,您可能应该使用drf test api client为它编写测试,以便能够轻松发现错误:http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/testing/#apiclient
serializers.py
class TagSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Tag
fields = ('name', 'taglevel', 'id')
class MovieSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
tag = TagSerializer(many=True, read_only=False)
class Meta:
model = Movie
ordering = ('-created',)
fields = ('title', 'pk', 'tag')
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
tags_data = validated_data.pop('tag')
instance = super(MovieSerializer, self).update(instance, validated_data)
for tag_data in tags_data:
tag_qs = Tag.objects.filter(name__iexact=tag_data['name'])
if tag_qs.exists():
tag = tag_qs.first()
else:
tag = Tag.objects.create(**tag_data)
instance.tag.add(tag)
return instance
tests.py
class TestMovies(TestCase):
def test_movies(self):
movie = Movie.objects.create(title='original title')
client = APIClient()
response = client.put('/movies/{}/'.format(movie.id), {
'title': 'TEST title',
'tag': [
{'name': 'Test item', 'taglevel': 1}
]
}, format='json')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200, response.content)
# ...add more specific asserts
答案 1 :(得分:2)
好。当我想出来时,我答应回来。这可能不完全是数据安全的,因为django还没有验证传入的数据,所以我在对python和django的相对无知中做了一些假设。如果有人比我更聪明,可以扩大这个答案,请打我。
注意:我坚定地遵守Clean Code编写软件的标准。多年来它一直很好。我知道它不是Python代码的元素,但是如果没有小型,紧密集中的方法,它就会感到邋..
<强> Views.py 强>
如果您不能使用dupes,则必须先自行清除相关对象,然后才能添加新对象。这是我能找到的唯一方法可靠地删除m2m 用于我的用例。我需要确保没有重复,我期待一个原子模型。您的里程可能会有所不同。
class MovieViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Movie.objects.all()
serializer_class = MovieSerializer
def update(self, requiest, *args, **kwargs):
movie = self.get_object()
movie.tags.clear()
return super().update(request, *args, **kwargs)
<强> Serializers.py 强>
您必须挂钩to_internal_value
序列化程序方法才能获取所需的数据,因为验证程序会忽略m2m字段。
class Tag1Serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Tag
fields = ('name',)
class EditSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
tag = Tag1Serializer(many=True, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Movie
fields = ('title', 'tag', 'info', 'created', 'status')
def to_internal_value(self, data):
movie_id = data.get('id')
#if it's new, we can safely assume there's no related objects.
#you can skip this bit if you can't make that assumption.
if self.check_is_new_movie(movie_id):
return super().to_internal_value(data)
#it's not new, handle relations and then let the default do its thing
self.save_data(movie_id, data)
return super().to_internal_value(data)
def check_is_new_movie(self, movie_id):
if not movie_id:
return True
return False
def save_data(self, movie_id, data):
movie = Movie.objects.filter(id=movie_id).first()
#the data we have is raw json (string). Listify converts it to python primitives.
tags_data = Utils.listify(data.get('tags'))
for tag_data in tags_data:
tag_qs = Tag.objects.filter(name__iexact=tag_data['name'])
#I am also assuming that the tag already exists.
#If it doesn't, you have to handle that.
if tag_qs.exists():
tag = tag_qs.first()
movie.tags.add(tag)
<强> Utils.py 强>
from types import *
class Utils:
#python treats strings as iterables; this utility casts a string as a list and ignores iterables
def listify(arg):
if Utils.is_sequence(arg) and not isinstance(arg, dict):
return arg
return [arg,]
def is_sequence(arg):
if isinstance(arg, str):
return False
if hasattr(arg, "__iter__"):
return True
<强> Test.py 强>
根据需要调整网址以使其正常工作。逻辑应该是正确的,但可能需要一些调整才能正确反映您的模型和序列化器。它更复杂,因为我们必须为APIClient创建json数据以使用put请求发送。
class MovieAPITest(APITestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.url = '/movies/'
def test_add_tag(self):
movie = Movie.objects.create(name="add_tag_movie")
tag = Tag.objects.create(name="add_tag")
movie_id = str(movie.id)
url = self.url + movie_id + '/'
data = EditSerializer(movie).data
data.update({'tags': Tag1Serializer(tag).data})
json_data = json.dumps(data)
self.client.put(url, json_data, content_type='application/json')
self.assertEqual(movie.tags.count(), 1)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
如果想在视图函数中使用通用但简单的内容,请参见此处的清晰示例: