Question

为什么这段代码：

import requests


response = requests.post('http://evds.tcmb.gov.tr/cgi-bin/famecgi', data={
    'cgi': '$ozetweb',
    'ARAVERIGRUP': 'bie_yymkpyuk.db',
    'DIL': 'UK',
    'ONDALIK': '5',
    'wfmultiple_selection': 'ZAMANSERILERI',
    'f_begdt': '07-01-2005',
    'f_enddt': '07-10-2016',
    'ZAMANSERILERI': ['TP.PYUK1', 'TP.PYUK2', 'TP.PYUK21', 'TP.PYUK22', 'TP.PYUK3', 'TP.PYUK4', 'TP.PYUK5', 'TP.PYUK6'],
    'YON': '3',
    'SUBMITDEG': 'Report',
    'GRTYPE': '1',
    'EPOSTA': 'xxx',
    'RESIMPOSTA': '***',
})

print(response.text)

在Python 2（2.7.12）和Python 3（3.5.2）中产生不同的结果？我正在使用requests==2.11.1。由于requests库支持具有相同API的两个Python版本，我想结果应该是相同的。

预期的结果是通过Python 2运行代码获得的结果。它每次都有效。当使用Python 3运行时，服务器有时会返回错误，有时它会起作用。（这是有趣的部分。）

由于它适用于Python 2，我认为错误必须发生在客户端。有什么需要注意Python 3如何处理编码或通过套接字发送数据，我应该知道吗？

编辑：在下面的评论中，有人能够重现此问题并确认存在此问题。

Answer 1

由于python3.3和至少需要 cgi 字段的服务器首先出现，所以python2与python3中的dicts之间的差异似乎与Hash randomization is enabled by default不同。以下可以重现：

good = requests.post('http://evds.tcmb.gov.tr/cgi-bin/famecgi', data=([
    ('cgi', '$ozetweb'),
    ('ARAVERIGRUP', 'bie_yymkpyuk.db'),
    ('DIL', 'UK'),
    ('ONDALIK', '5'),
    ('wfmultiple_selection', 'ZAMANSERILERI'),
    ('f_begdt', '07-01-2005'),
    ('f_enddt', '07-10-2016'),
    ('ZAMANSERILERI',
     ['TP.PYUK1', 'TP.PYUK2', 'TP.PYUK21', 'TP.PYUK22', 'TP.PYUK3', 'TP.PYUK4', 'TP.PYUK5', 'TP.PYUK6']),
    ('YON', '3'),
    ('SUBMITDEG', 'Report'),
    ('GRTYPE', '1'),
    ('EPOSTA', 'xxx'),
    ('RESIMPOSTA', '***')]))


bad = requests.post('http://evds.tcmb.gov.tr/cgi-bin/famecgi', data=([
    ('ARAVERIGRUP', 'bie_yymkpyuk.db'),
    ('cgi', '$ozetweb'),
    ('DIL', 'UK'),
    ('wfmultiple_selection', 'ZAMANSERILERI'),
    ('ONDALIK', '5'),
    ('f_begdt', '07-01-2005'),
    ('f_enddt', '07-10-2016'),
    ('ZAMANSERILERI',
     ['TP.PYUK1', 'TP.PYUK2', 'TP.PYUK21', 'TP.PYUK22', 'TP.PYUK3', 'TP.PYUK4', 'TP.PYUK5', 'TP.PYUK6']),
    ('YON', '3'),
    ('SUBMITDEG', 'Report'),
    ('GRTYPE', '1'),
    ('EPOSTA', 'xxx'),
    ('RESIMPOSTA', '***')]))

使用python2运行上面的代码：

In [6]: print(good.request.body)
   ...: print(bad.request.body)
   ...: 
   ...: print(len(good.text), len(bad.text))
   ...: 
cgi=%24ozetweb&ARAVERIGRUP=bie_yymkpyuk.db&DIL=UK&ONDALIK=5&wfmultiple_selection=ZAMANSERILERI&f_begdt=07-01-2005&f_enddt=07-10-2016&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK1&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK2&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK21&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK22&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK4&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK5&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK6&YON=3&SUBMITDEG=Report&GRTYPE=1&EPOSTA=xxx&RESIMPOSTA=%2A%2A%2A
ARAVERIGRUP=bie_yymkpyuk.db&cgi=%24ozetweb&DIL=UK&wfmultiple_selection=ZAMANSERILERI&ONDALIK=5&f_begdt=07-01-2005&f_enddt=07-10-2016&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK1&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK2&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK21&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK22&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK4&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK5&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK6&YON=3&SUBMITDEG=Report&GRTYPE=1&EPOSTA=xxx&RESIMPOSTA=%2A%2A%2A
(71299, 134)

和python3：

In [4]: print(good.request.body)
   ...: print(bad.request.body)
   ...: 
   ...: print(len(good.text), len(bad.text))
   ...: 
cgi=%24ozetweb&ARAVERIGRUP=bie_yymkpyuk.db&DIL=UK&ONDALIK=5&wfmultiple_selection=ZAMANSERILERI&f_begdt=07-01-2005&f_enddt=07-10-2016&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK1&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK2&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK21&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK22&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK4&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK5&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK6&YON=3&SUBMITDEG=Report&GRTYPE=1&EPOSTA=xxx&RESIMPOSTA=%2A%2A%2A
ARAVERIGRUP=bie_yymkpyuk.db&cgi=%24ozetweb&DIL=UK&wfmultiple_selection=ZAMANSERILERI&ONDALIK=5&f_begdt=07-01-2005&f_enddt=07-10-2016&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK1&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK2&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK21&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK22&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK4&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK5&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK6&YON=3&SUBMITDEG=Report&GRTYPE=1&EPOSTA=xxx&RESIMPOSTA=%2A%2A%2A
71299 134

传递你在python2中发布的dict：

In [4]: response.request.body
Out[4]: 'cgi=%24ozetweb&DIL=UK&f_enddt=07-10-2016&YON=3&RESIMPOSTA=%2A%2A%2A&wfmultiple_selection=ZAMANSERILERI&ARAVERIGRUP=bie_yymkpyuk.db&GRTYPE=1&SUBMITDEG=Report&f_begdt=07-01-2005&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK1&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK2&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK21&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK22&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK4&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK5&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK6&ONDALIK=5&EPOSTA=xxx'

In [5]: len(response.text)
Out[5]: 71299

和python3中的相同词典：

In [3]: response.request.body
Out[3]: 'EPOSTA=xxx&ARAVERIGRUP=bie_yymkpyuk.db&DIL=UK&SUBMITDEG=Report&cgi=%24ozetweb&GRTYPE=1&f_enddt=07-10-2016&wfmultiple_selection=ZAMANSERILERI&ONDALIK=5&f_begdt=07-01-2005&RESIMPOSTA=%2A%2A%2A&YON=3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK1&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK2&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK21&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK22&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK4&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK5&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK6'

In [4]: len(response.text)
Out[4]: 134

在启动另一个ipython2 shell之前运行~$ export PYTHONHASHSEED=1234：

In [4]: response.request.body
Out[4]: 'DIL=UK&GRTYPE=1&ARAVERIGRUP=bie_yymkpyuk.db&f_begdt=07-01-2005&RESIMPOSTA=%2A%2A%2A&ONDALIK=5&EPOSTA=xxx&YON=3&SUBMITDEG=Report&wfmultiple_selection=ZAMANSERILERI&cgi=%24ozetweb&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK1&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK2&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK21&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK22&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK3&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK4&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK5&ZAMANSERILERI=TP.PYUK6&f_enddt=07-10-2016'

In [5]: os.environ["PYTHONHASHSEED"]
Out[5]: '1234'
In [6]: len(response.text)
Out[6]: 134

你可以多次运行代码到同一端，但绝对('cgi', '$ozetweb')首先是代码工作必不可少的，它碰巧间歇性地使用python3，因为键的顺序有时会放在 cgi 首先。 hashing topic

还有一些内容

图书馆`请求'得到不同的结果不可预测

1 个答案: