用抽象类型实现抽象类

时间:2016-10-12 21:24:51

标签: c# generics inheritance abstract-class

我有一个基本的抽象类,它接受来自抽象类的类型,我正在试图找出如何正确实现它的方法。我正在试图弄清楚如何正确实现它。

基类:

public abstract class ApiService<TRequest, TResponse>
    where TRequest : ApiRequest
    where TResponse : ApiResponse
{
    public abstract TResponse Execute(TRequest Request);
}

ApiRequest类:

public abstract class ApiRequest
{

}

ApiResponse课程:

public abstract class ApiResponse
{
    public bool Succeeded { get; set; }

}

我已经创建了一个TestService类来尝试对其进行排序,但这些概念并不适合我:

public class TestService : ApiService<ApiRequest, ApiResponse>
{
    public override ApiResponse Execute(ApiRequest Request)
    {
        ApiResponse response;

        return (response);
    }

非常感谢您提供的任何帮助,并帮助我进一步理解抽象类!谢谢!

所以我的问题是:我不知道如何在Execute方法中实现ApiResponse,因为你无法实例化一个抽象类。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

Generics和Polymorphizem很好,但它必须在某些时候停止。在您的情况下,您有一个良好的API界面,很明显您传递了TRequest并获得了TResponse

您应该添加的是如何处理特定案例。添加一层IRequestHander<TRequest,TResult>,知道如何从特定Result创建特定的Request

然后使用Factory设计模式,您的API函数将调用工厂以获取适合其获得的请求的特定处理程序。它将执行RequestHander并返回从中获取的Response

public class SpecificRequestA : ApiRequest {}
public class SpecificResponseA : ApiResponse{}

public interface IRequestHander<TRequest,TResponse>
    where TRequest : ApiRequest
    where TResponse : ApiResponse
{
    TResponse Exeute(TRequest request);
}

public class SpecificRequestHandlerA : IRequestHander<SpecificRequestA,SpecificResponseA>
{
    SpecificResponseA Execute(SpecificRequestA request)
    {
        //create the new response out of the given request. Here you know exactly on what you are working :)
    }
}

然后添加工厂。

也可以考虑将请求实现为Request<TResponse> - 看看它是否更适合您的情况

我建议查看依赖注入和DI容器(如Castle,Ninject,Unity,Simple Injector) 负责初始化。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我在c#MVC UI Layer中使用以下ApiClient类:

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Helpers;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace DocumentManager.UI
{
    public class ApiClient<T>
    {
        public ApiClientErrorTypes Error{get;private set;}

        private string baseUri =  @"http://localhost/DocumentManager.WebAPI/";

        public T ApiGet(string requestUrl)
        {
            using (var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                var requestUri = new Uri(baseUri + requestUrl);
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
                if (ApiAuthToken.token != null)
                {
                    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", ApiAuthToken.token.ToString());
                }
                var response = client.GetAsync(requestUri).Result;
                string contentString = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    T result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(contentString);
                    return result;
                }
                if (int.Parse(response.StatusCode.ToString()) > 400 && int.Parse(response.StatusCode.ToString()) <= 499)
                    Error = ApiClientErrorTypes.UnAuthorised;
                else
                    Error = ApiClientErrorTypes.Technical;
                return default(T);
            }
        }

        public T ApiPost(string requestUrl, HttpContent encodedContent)
        {
            using(var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                var requestUri = new Uri(baseUri + requestUrl);
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
                if (ApiAuthToken.token != null)
                {
                    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", ApiAuthToken.token.ToString());
                }
                var response = client.PostAsync(requestUri, encodedContent).Result;
                string contentString = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    T result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(contentString);
                    return result;
                }
                if (int.Parse(response.StatusCode.ToString()) > 400 && int.Parse(response.StatusCode.ToString()) <= 499)
                    Error = ApiClientErrorTypes.UnAuthorised;
                else
                    Error = ApiClientErrorTypes.Technical;
                return default(T);
            }
        }

        public bool ApiPostBool(string requestUrl, HttpContent encodedContent)
        {
            using (var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                var requestUri = new Uri(baseUri + requestUrl);
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
                if (ApiAuthToken.token != null)
                {
                    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", ApiAuthToken.token.ToString());
                }
                var response = client.PostAsync(requestUri, encodedContent).Result;
                string contentString = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

我从MVC控制器以下列方式调用它:

var apiClient = new ApiClient<Document>();
var doc = apiClient.ApiGet("api/document/get/" + id);
if (doc != null)
{
    //do stuff here
}

我使用以下Web API层方法返回此项

namespace DocumentManager.WebApi.Controllers
{
    [RoutePrefix("api/document")]
    public class DocumentController : BaseController
    {
        [Route("get/{id}")]
        public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
        {
            return Ok(DACDocument.Read(new DataContext(),id));
        }
    }
}

此后面有一个实体框架数据层(DAC ...)

我使用这种架构结构的原因是我希望多个MVC UI前端应用程序与API后端绑定。

解决方案中的项目是 数据(类库) API(Web API) UI(Web MVC)

如果这有帮助,请标记为答案!