我正在关注How to implement a constant-expression counter in C++教程而我正试图解决C++14 Reflections Without Macros, Markup nor External Tooling..谈话限制。
本教程的基本思想是:
template<int N>
struct flag {
friend constexpr int adl_flag (flag<N>);
};
template<int N>
struct writer {
friend constexpr int adl_flag (flag<N>) { return N; }
static constexpr int value = N;
};
template<int N, class = char[noexcept(adl_flag(flag<N> ()))?+1:-1]>
int constexpr reader (int, flag<N>) { return N; }
template<int N>
int constexpr reader (float, flag<N>, int R = reader (0, flag<N-1>())) { return R; }
int constexpr reader (float, flag<0>) { return 0; }
template<int N = 1, int C = reader (0, flag<32> ())>
int constexpr next (int R = writer<C + N>::value) { return R; }
int main () {
constexpr int a = next ();
constexpr int b = next ();
constexpr int c = next ();
// YES! it works!!!
static_assert (a == 1 && b == a+1 && c == b+1, "try again");
}
注意:如果你现在不感兴趣,现在是停止阅读的好时机: - )
该演讲解释了如何使用聚合初始化和隐式转换运算符提取POD类型的字段数和字段类型,但主要限制是仅支持基本类型。
我提供了上述背景来证明我的动机是正确的!
当我将这两种方法结合起来时,我就来了:
template<int N>
struct flag {
friend constexpr int adl_flag (flag<N>);
};
template<typename T, int N>
struct writer {
friend constexpr int adl_flag (flag<N>) {
return N;
}
friend constexpr T field_type(flag<N>) { return T{}; }
static constexpr int value = N;
};
field_type(flag<N>)
将为我提供N
字段的类型。
请注意,它是友元函数,对于N
类型的POD
字段,编译器将只定义一个field_type(flag<N>)
。
g++
为no matching function for call to 'field_type(flag<1>)
提供了decltype(field_type(flag<1>))
。
我需要以某种方式强制ADL
搜索writer<T,N>
的所有实例。
我怎么能这样做?
更新
As @ T.C.lied ADL只查看关联的类,而writer
不是一个。 (这就是为adl_flag
声明flag
的原因 - 以便ADL
可以找到它。)
整个问题是如何在不知道writer
值的情况下使T
成为关联类,以便ADL
可以找到它?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
将field_type
声明添加到标记模板,返回类型为auto
(仅在C ++ 14之后可用)
仅适用于gcc 4.9:
#include <type_traits>
template<int N>
struct flag {
friend constexpr int adl_flag (flag<N>);
friend constexpr auto field_type(flag<N>);
};
template<typename T, int N>
struct writer {
friend constexpr int adl_flag (flag<N>) { return N; }
friend constexpr auto field_type(flag<N>) { return (T&&)(*(T*)0); } // remove default constructable restriction
static constexpr int value = N;
};
template<int N, class = char[noexcept(adl_flag(flag<N> ()))?+1:-1]>
int constexpr reader (int, flag<N>) { return N; }
template<int N>
int constexpr reader (float, flag<N>, int R = reader (0, flag<N-1>())) { return R; }
int constexpr reader (float, flag<0>) { return 0; }
template<typename T, int N = 1, int C = reader (0, flag<32> ())>
int constexpr next (int R = writer<T, C + N>::value) { return R; }
int main () {
constexpr int a = next<int> ();
constexpr int b = next<double> ();
constexpr int c = next<long> ();
// YES! it works!!!
static_assert (a == 1 && b == a+1 && c == b+1, "try again");
static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(field_type(flag<1>{})), int>{}, "first is int");
static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(field_type(flag<2>{})), double>{}, "second is double");
static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(field_type(flag<3>{})), long>{}, "third is long");
}
使用auto函数的decltype而不是noexcept,在gcc 5.2之后工作,clang 3.5.1 - 3.7.1:
#include <type_traits>
template <int N>
struct flag {
constexpr friend auto adl_flag(flag<N>);
friend auto field_type(flag<N>);
};
template<typename T, int N>
struct writer {
friend constexpr auto adl_flag(flag<N>) { return 0; }
friend auto field_type(flag<N>) { return (T&&)(*(T*)0); }
static constexpr int value = N;
};
template<int N, class = decltype(adl_flag(flag<N>{}))>
int constexpr reader (int, flag<N>) { return N; }
template<int N>
int constexpr reader (float, flag<N>, int R = reader (0, flag<N-1>())) { return R; }
int constexpr reader (float, flag<0>) { return 0; }
template<typename T, int N = 1, int C = reader (0, flag<32> ())>
int constexpr next (int R = writer<T, C + N>::value) { return R; }
int main () {
constexpr int a = next<int> ();
constexpr int b = next<double> ();
constexpr int c = next<long> ();
// YES! it works!!!
static_assert (a == 1 && b == a+1 && c == b+1, "try again");
static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(field_type(flag<1>{})), int>{}, "first is int");
static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(field_type(flag<2>{})), double>{}, "second is double");
static_assert(std::is_same<decltype(field_type(flag<3>{})), long>{}, "third is long");
}