我试图在使用Webpack时使用Jest / Enzyme测试React组件。
我有一个非常简单的测试@
import React from 'react';
import { shallow } from 'enzyme';
import App from './App';
it('App', () => {
const app = shallow(<App />);
expect(1).toEqual(1);
});
它的相关组成部分是:
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { render } from 'react-dom';
// import './styles/normalize.css';
class App extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>app</div>
);
}
}
render(<App />, document.getElementById('app'));
但是,运行jest
会导致失败:
Invariant Violation: _registerComponent(...): Target container is not a DOM element.
有错误@
at Object.<anonymous> (src/App.js:14:48)
at Object.<anonymous> (src/App.test.js:4:38)
测试文件引用导致失败的第4行,即<App />
的导入。堆栈跟踪表示App.js
的第14行是导致失败的原因 - 这只不过是来自react-dom
的渲染调用,这是我从未遇到的挑战(应用渲染)从我的Webpack设置正确)。
对于那些感兴趣的人(Webpack代码):
module.exports = {
entry: './src/App',
output: {
filename: 'bundle.js',
path: './dist'
},
module: {
loaders: [
{
test: /\.js?$/,
exclude: /node_modules/,
loader: 'babel',
query: {
presets: ['react', 'es2015']
}
},
{
test: /\.css$/,
loader: 'style!css-loader?modules&importLoaders=1&localIdentName=[name]__[local]___[hash:base64:5]'
},
{
test: /\.scss$/,
loader: 'style!css-loader?modules&importLoaders=1&localIdentName=[name]__[local]___[hash:base64:5]!sass'
}
]
}
}
我的package.json
:
{
"name": "tic-tac-dux",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "",
"main": "index.js",
"scripts": {
"dev": "webpack-dev-server --devtool eval --progress --colors --inline --hot --content-base dist/",
"test": "jest"
},
"jest": {
"moduleNameMapper": {
"^.+\\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|eot|otf|webp|svg|ttf|woff|woff2|mp4|webm|wav|mp3|m4a|aac|oga)$": "<rootDir>/__mocks__/fileMock.js",
"^.+\\.(css|sass)$": "<rootDir>/__mocks__/styleMock.js"
}
},
"keywords": [],
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"devDependencies": {
"babel-core": "^6.17.0",
"babel-jest": "^16.0.0",
"babel-loader": "^6.2.5",
"babel-polyfill": "^6.16.0",
"babel-preset-es2015": "^6.16.0",
"babel-preset-react": "^6.16.0",
"css-loader": "^0.25.0",
"enzyme": "^2.4.1",
"jest": "^16.0.1",
"jest-cli": "^16.0.1",
"node-sass": "^3.10.1",
"react-addons-test-utils": "^15.3.2",
"react-dom": "^15.3.2",
"sass-loader": "^4.0.2",
"style-loader": "^0.13.1",
"webpack": "^1.13.2",
"webpack-dev-server": "^1.16.2"
},
"dependencies": {
"react": "^15.3.2",
"react-dom": "^15.3.2"
}
}
哦,如果有人要说div元素没有在脚本之前加载,那么我的index.html
:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>App</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app"></div>
<script src="/bundle.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
造成这种特殊渲染问题的原因是什么?与新的Jest更新到15.0有什么关系?
答案 0 :(得分:25)
App.jsx
应该导出App类而不再执行任何操作,render
应该在别处调用。
如果从App.jsx中删除render
调用错误消失,则会弹出,因为测试环境不会为DOM提供app
id。
答案 1 :(得分:21)
对于正在通过互联网梳理的其他任何人 - 在使用Jest测试时寻找解决方案 - 我将通过@biphobe支持Jest将导致此错误的答案您导出调用ReactDOM.render的同一文件内的东西。
就我而言,我在index.js中导出一个对象,我也在那里调用ReactDOM.render。我删除了这个导出,瞧!
答案 2 :(得分:7)
如我所见,此错误在许多情况下都会出现,并且需要使用不同的方法来解决。我的场景与上面的示例不同,尽管我正遇到相同的错误,但我使用的是 redux&router 。帮助我解决此问题的方法是将index.js
更改为:
ReactDOM.render(
<Provider store={store}>
<AppRouter />
</Provider>,
document.getElementById("root")
);
registerServiceWorker();
收件人:
ReactDOM.render(
(<Provider store={store}>
<AppRouter/>
</Provider>),
document.getElementById('root') || document.createElement('div') // for testing purposes
);
registerServiceWorker();
答案 3 :(得分:1)
我为我的用例找到了解决此错误的解决方案:使用相同的Redux存储区,而React正在外部使用。
试图从store
导出我的React的Redux index.tsx
以便在React应用程序之外的其他地方使用时,我在运行Jest测试(使用Enzyme)时遇到了相同的错误。 App.tsx
文件。
测试React时无效的初始代码如下所示。
// index.tsx
import * as React from "react";
import { render } from "react-dom";
import { Provider } from "react-redux";
import { applyMiddleware, compose, createStore } from "redux";
import App from "./components/App";
import { rootReducer } from "./store/reducers";
import { initialState } from "./store/state";
const middlewares = [];
export const store = createStore(
rootReducer,
initialState,
compose(applyMiddleware(...middlewares)),
);
render(
<Provider store={store}>
<App />
</Provider>,
document.getElementById("root"),
);
将Redux存储逻辑分离到名为store.ts
的新文件中,然后创建default export
(供index.tsx
使用,即React应用程序)和非默认导出与export const store
(将用于非React类),如下所示。
// store.ts
import { applyMiddleware, compose, createStore } from "redux";
import logger from "redux-logger";
import { rootReducer } from "./store/reducers";
import { initialState } from "./store/state";
const middlewares = [];
export const store = createStore(
rootReducer,
initialState,
compose(applyMiddleware(...middlewares)),
);
export default store;
// updated index.tsx
import * as React from "react";
import { render } from "react-dom";
import { Provider } from "react-redux";
import App from "./components/App";
import store from "./store";
render(
<Provider store={store}>
<App />
</Provider>,
document.getElementById("root"),
);
// MyClass.ts
import { store } from "./store"; // store.ts
export default class MyClass {
handleClick() {
store.dispatch({ ...new SomeAction() });
}
}
default
导出走之前的小笔记。这是使用default
和非默认导出的方法。
default export store;
与import store from "./store";
一起使用export const store = ...
与import { store } from "./store";
一起使用希望这会有所帮助!
https://nono.ma/says/solved-invariant-violation-target-container-is-not-a-dom-element
答案 4 :(得分:0)
确保在测试文件中已正确导入 render 组件。
应该从@testing-library/react
而不是从react-dom
导入:
import { render } from '@testing-library/react';