我有一个像这样的文件夹/文件树：
/source/photos/d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f/car/1.jpg
/source/photos/20a33e40-8bb2-4ebe-b703-632115ba6714/house/
/source/photos/20a33e40-8bb2-4ebe-b703-632115ba6714/boat/b6a1b8bf-7f4c-45d6-84c1-37fbb8204328/2.jpg
/source/20dd7963-0d4a-4a80-83f8-4800de672087/music/1.mp3
/source/64e997aa-bb7e-4cdf-9348-8b8d48e2d336/music/c6a0b1d4-9d2d-4a21-bce3-8c922f8ad55b/2.mp3
/source/movies/83e760f4-7235-4d7e-bd51-56aa82192a94/572f3820-ea22-40c1-903a-31b7f412ae38/1.mp4
/source/movies/993209ed-092a-4665-a5d1-4ce537e2a680/4c200cf1-eb6b-40a7-84d7-9a2db0f75e09/1.mp4
为了方便阅读上一棵树，这里的表示更为简单：
/source/photos/uuid0/car/1.jpg
/source/photos/uuid1/house/
/source/photos/uuid1/boat/uuid2/2.jpg
/source/uuid3/music/1.mp3
/source/uuid4/music/uuid5/2.mp3
/source/movies/uuid6/uuid7/1.mp4
/source/movies/uuid8/uuid9/1.mp4
我想将文件夹和文件从“source”移动到“destination”目录，并在动态树形结构中执行调整。生成的树应如下所示：
/destination/photos/car/1.jpg
/destination/photos/house/
/destination/photos/boat/2.jpg
/destination/music/1.mp3
/destination/music/2.mp3
/destination/movies/1_1.mp4
/destination/movies/1_2.mp4
如你所见，我想：
uuid; 1.mp4），则应添加增量后缀（即1_1.mp4）; house”）; 我尝试使用os.walk解析路径，但无法实现此目的。
有什么想法吗？谢谢！
注意： uuid（即6e56c11b-3adf-440e-96f5-375884c96c55）可以使用以下函数进行检查：
import uuid
def validate_uuid4(uuid_string):
try:
val = uuid.UUID(uuid_string, version=4)
except ValueError:
return False
return True
编辑：示例代码
主要问题是：
给出以下结构
.
├── Icon\r
└── folder1
├── d.txt
└── folder1.1
├── 64e997aa-bb7e-4cdf-9348-8b8d48e2d336
│ └── a.mkv
└── d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f
├── b.mkv
└── d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f
├── b.mkv
└── c.jpg
使用此代码：
#!/usr/bin/python
import os
import uuid
args = {}
args['rootdirOriginal'] = "/Users/xxx/Desktop/UploadDropbox"
pathString = []
pathStringClean=[]
def validate_uuid4(uuid_string):
try:
val = uuid.UUID(uuid_string, version=4)
except ValueError:
return False
return True
for dirpath, dirs, files in os.walk(args['rootdirOriginal']):
if files:
for f in files:
pathTmp = []
pathRelative = os.path.relpath(dirpath, args['rootdirOriginal'])
for p in pathRelative.split("/"):
pathTmp.append(p)
pathTmp.append(f)
pathTmpClean = [x for x in pathTmp if not validate_uuid4(x) and x[0] != "." and x[0:4]!="Icon"]
pathStringTmp = ("/").join(pathTmp)
pathStringTmpClean = ("/").join(pathTmpClean)
if len(pathTmp) > 0:
pathString.append(pathStringTmp)
pathStringClean.append(pathStringTmpClean)
print pathString
print pathStringClean
这是第一个输出：
['./.DS_Store', './Icon\r', 'folder1/.DS_Store', 'folder1/d.txt', 'folder1/folder1.1/.DS_Store', 'folder1/folder1.1/64e997aa-bb7e-4cdf-9348-8b8d48e2d336/.DS_Store', 'folder1/folder1.1/64e997aa-bb7e-4cdf-9348-8b8d48e2d336/a.mkv', 'folder1/folder1.1/d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f/.DS_Store', 'folder1/folder1.1/d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f/b.mkv', 'folder1/folder1.1/d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f/d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f/b.mkv', 'folder1/folder1.1/d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f/d831fae7-ed7f-44b1-8345-54fc54f0710f/c.jpg']
这是第二个：
['', '', 'folder1', 'folder1/d.txt', 'folder1/folder1.1', 'folder1/folder1.1', 'folder1/folder1.1/a.mkv', 'folder1/folder1.1', 'folder1/folder1.1/b.mkv', 'folder1/folder1.1/b.mkv', 'folder1/folder1.1/c.jpg']
我不能只删除重复项，因为有些时候它们不是真正重复的，而是应该像我之前描述的那样重命名
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我没有时间给出完整的实现，有很多方法可以做到这一点，但这里有一个大纲，可能会为你提供一个开始。 您的问题不是非常具体，除非您想要一个完整的解决方案，即您遇到的具体问题等等，但这里有：
import os
from sets import Set
def remove_uuids_from_path(path):
# implement a function to remove uuids from the path name
# use os.path.split or os.path.splitdrive and validate_uuid function
# to build new paths without uuids
# build a set of source paths to work on
# or you can attempt to create the new path here
# and move files, as the file names are there in files list
source_paths = Set()
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(source_dir):
source_paths.add(root)
# edit: if you want file paths do:
for file_name in files:
file_name_path = os.path.join(root, file)
# run through source paths, replace source name with destination name
for s_path in source_paths:
new_path = remove_uuids_from_path(s_path.replace(source_name, destination_name))
# create new directory if it doesn't allready exist
if not os.path.exists(new_path):
os.makedirs(new_path)
# read file names from source directory into a list
# move files to new directory if they don't exists there allready, else employ naming scheme.
for new_path_to_file in file_name_list:
if new_path_to_file.is_file():
# change name by inspecting destination files names
else:
# move/copy file
答案 1 :(得分：0)
这是我的结束解决方案（谢谢Sushanta！）
#!/usr/bin/python
import os
import uuid
from collections import Counter
import shutil
args = {}
args['rootdirOriginal'] = "/Users/xxx/Desktop/UploadDropbox"
args['uuid'] = str(uuid.uuid4())
args['rootdir'] = args['rootdirOriginal']+"/"+args['uuid']
pathString = []
pathStringClean=[]
pathStringFolder = []
toDelete = []
# Validate if string is a valid UUID
def validate_uuid4(uuid_string):
try:
val = uuid.UUID(uuid_string, version=4)
except ValueError:
return False
return True
# Walk through "source" directory
for dirpath, dirs, files in os.walk(args['rootdirOriginal']):
# Files
if files:
for f in files:
pathTmp = []
pathFolderTmp = []
pathRelative = os.path.relpath(dirpath, args['rootdirOriginal'])
for p in pathRelative.split("/"):
pathTmp.append(p)
pathFolderTmp.append(p)
# Flag every fuke
pathTmp.append(f+"***")
# Delete list elements whose name are: a previous UUID //// starting with "." //// starting with "Icon"
pathTmpClean = [x for x in pathTmp if not validate_uuid4(x) and x[0] != "." and x[0:4]!="Icon"]
pathFolderTmpClean = [x for x in pathFolderTmp if not validate_uuid4(x) and x[0] != "." and x[0:4]!="Icon"]
# Convert to path string
if len(pathTmpClean) > 0:
pathStringTmp = ("/").join(pathTmp)
pathStringTmpFolder = ("/").join(pathFolderTmpClean)
pathStringTmpClean = ("/").join(pathTmpClean)
pathString.append(pathStringTmp)
pathStringClean.append(pathStringTmpClean)
if pathStringTmpFolder != "":
pathStringFolder.append(pathStringTmpFolder)
# Empty directory
if dirs:
for d in dirs:
emptyDir = os.path.relpath(dirpath, args['rootdirOriginal'])
if emptyDir == ".":
emptyDir = d
else:
emptyDir = os.path.join(emptyDir,d)
pathStringFolder.append(emptyDir)
# Delete repeating directories
pathStringFolder = list(set(pathStringFolder))
# Create a list with the indexes of first list when it is a directory
for i in range(0,len(pathStringClean)):
if (len(pathStringClean[i]) > 3):
if pathStringClean[i][-3:] != "***":
toDelete.append(i)
# Delete indexes of both "source" and "destinantion" lists where it is directory
for i in sorted(toDelete, reverse=True):
del pathString[i]
del pathStringClean[i]
# Delete the flag "***"
pathString = [x[:-3] for x in pathString]
pathStringClean = [x[:-3] for x in pathStringClean]
# Rename repeated filenames - create sequential suffix
counts = Counter(pathStringClean)
for s,num in counts.items():
if num > 1:
for suffix in range(1, num + 1):
pathStringClean[pathStringClean.index(s)] = ("/").join(s.split("/")[:-1]) +("/")+(".").join((s.split("/")[-1]).split(".")[:-1])+"_"+str(suffix)+"."+(s.split("/")[-1]).split(".")[-1]
pathStringFolder.reverse()
# Create root "destination" directory
os.mkdir(args['rootdir'])
# Create other directories
for folder in pathStringFolder:
try:
os.makedirs(os.path.join(args['rootdir'],folder))
except:
pass
# Move files
for i in range(0,len(pathStringClean)):
os.rename(os.path.join(args['rootdirOriginal'],pathString[i]),os.path.join(args['rootdir'],pathStringClean[i]))
# Delete everything except root "destination" directory
for f in os.listdir(args['rootdirOriginal']):
if (not (os.path.isfile(os.path.join( args['rootdirOriginal'],f))) and f != args['uuid']):
shutil.rmtree(os.path.join( args['rootdirOriginal'],f))