尽管存在很多问题解决方案，但我仍然坚持使用ELException：
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'tilesConfigurer' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/tiles-context.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.el.ELException: Provider com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl not found
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactorygetObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:306)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4853)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5314)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:725)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:940)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1816)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: javax.el.ELException: Provider com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl not found
at javax.el.FactoryFinder.newInstance(FactoryFinder.java:101)
at javax.el.FactoryFinder.find(FactoryFinder.java:197)
at javax.el.ExpressionFactory.newInstance(ExpressionFactory.java:197)
at javax.el.ExpressionFactory.newInstance(ExpressionFactory.java:168)
at org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl.<init>(JspApplicationContextImpl.java:46)
at org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspApplicationContextImpl.getInstance(JspApplicationContextImpl.java:76)
at org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.getJspApplicationContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:217)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer$TilesElActivator.createEvaluator(TilesConfigurer.java:407)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer$SpringTilesContainerFactory.createAttributeEvaluatorFactory(TilesConfigurer.java:374)
at org.apache.tiles.factory.BasicTilesContainerFactory.createContainer(BasicTilesContainerFactory.java:88)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer$SpringTilesContainerFactory.createContainer(TilesConfigurer.java:296)
at org.apache.tiles.startup.AbstractTilesInitializer.createContainer(AbstractTilesInitializer.java:114)
at org.apache.tiles.startup.AbstractTilesInitializer.initialize(AbstractTilesInitializer.java:64)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer.afterPropertiesSet(TilesConfigurer.java:270)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1549)
... 25 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1333)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1167)
at javax.el.FactoryFinder.newInstance(FactoryFinder.java:87)
... 40 more
我确信这不是由于Web应用程序代码中的任何用户影响，因为具有相同应用程序的另一台服务器运行良好且两个应用程序的代码完全相同。两个服务器环境看起来都相同。
我正在使用Apache Tomcat/8.0.37和oracle-java8-jdk-amd64。
以下是WEB-INF\lib使用过的库的列表：
activation-1.1.jar hibernate-c3p0-4.2.7.Final.jar lucene-analyzers-3.6.2.jar slf4j-simple-1.7.7.jar tiles-autotag-core-runtime-1.1.0.jar
amqp-client-3.3.4.jar hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.2.Final.jar lucene-core-3.6.2.jar snakeyaml-1.11.jar tiles-compat-3.0.3.jar
antlr-2.7.7.jar hibernate-core-4.2.7.Final.jar lucene-facet-3.6.2.jar solr-analysis-extras-3.6.2.jar tiles-core-3.0.3.jar
aopalliance-1.0.jar hibernate-entitymanager-4.2.7.Final.jar lucene-grouping-3.6.2.jar solr-core-3.6.2.jar tiles-el-3.0.3.jar
asm-4.2.jar hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar lucene-highlighter-3.6.2.jar solr-solrj-3.6.2.jar tiles-extras-3.0.3.jar
avro-1.7.5.jar hibernate-search-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-kuromoji-3.6.2.jar spring-amqp-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar tiles-freemarker-3.0.3.jar
c3p0-0.9.1.1.jar hibernate-search-analyzers-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-memory-3.6.2.jar spring-aop-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-jsp-3.0.3.jar
c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar hibernate-search-engine-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-misc-3.6.2.jar spring-beans-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-mvel-3.0.3.jar
cas-client-core-3.1.12.jar hibernate-search-orm-4.4.0.Final.jar lucene-phonetic-3.6.2.jar spring-context-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-ognl-3.0.3.jar
cassandra-driver-core-2.1.2.jar hibernate-validator-5.1.0.Final.jar lucene-smartcn-3.6.2.jar spring-context-support-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-api-1.0.3.jar
cassandra-driver-dse-2.1.2.jar httpclient-4.3.3.jar lucene-spatial-3.6.2.jar spring-core-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-freemarker-1.0.3.jar
cglib-3.1.jar httpcore-4.3.2.jar lucene-spellchecker-3.6.2.jar spring-cql-1.1.0.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-jsp-1.0.3.jar
classmate-1.0.0.jar jackson-core-asl-1.9.2.jar lucene-stempel-3.6.2.jar spring-data-cassandra-1.1.0.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-mustache-1.0.3.jar
commons-beanutils-1.9.2.jar jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.12.jar lz4-1.2.0.jar spring-data-commons-1.9.0.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-servlet-1.0.3.jar
commons-codec-1.6.jar javaee-api-7.0.jar mail-1.4.7.jar spring-expression-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-servlet-wildcard-1.0.3.jar
commons-collections-3.2.1.jar javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar spring-jdbc-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-request-velocity-1.0.3.jar
commons-compress-1.4.1.jar javassist-3.7.ga.jar metrics-core-3.0.2.jar spring-jms-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-servlet-3.0.3.jar
commons-dbcp-1.4.jar javax.mail-1.5.0.jar mvel2-2.0.11.jar spring-orm-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar tiles-template-3.0.3.jar
commons-digester-2.0.jar jawr-3.3.3.jar netty-3.9.0.Final.jar spring-rabbit-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar tiles-velocity-3.0.3.jar
commons-io-2.4.jar jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar ognl-2.7.3.jar spring-retry-1.1.0.RELEASE.jar validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar
commons-lang-2.6.jar jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.1.Final.jar oro-2.0.8.jar spring-security-cas-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar velocity-1.6.2.jar
commons-lang3-3.3.2.jar jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.12.jar paranamer-2.3.jar spring-security-config-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar velocity-tools-2.0.jar
commons-logging-1.1.3.jar jna-4.0.0.jar poi-3.10-FINAL.jar spring-security-core-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar waffle-jna-1.7.jar
commons-pool-1.5.4.jar jna-platform-4.1.0.jar poi-ooxml-3.10-FINAL.jar spring-security-web-3.1.4.RELEASE.jar
compiler-0.8.4.jar jstl-1.2.jar poi-ooxml-schemas-3.10-FINAL.jar spring-tx-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar xmlbeans-2.3.0.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar liquibase-core-3.1.1.jar postgresql-9.4-1200-jdbc41.jar spring-web-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar
ehcache-2.8.3.jar log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.7.jar quartz-2.2.1.jar spring-webmvc-4.0.3.RELEASE.jar
freemarker-2.3.20.jar logback-classic-1.1.3.jar stax-api-1.0.1.jar
guava-16.0.jar logback-core-1.1.3.jar slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar tiles-api-3.0.3.jar
以下是Tomcat8使用的/usr/share/java库列表：
commons-dbcp-1.4.jar jsp-api-2.3.jar tomcat8-catalina.jar tomcat8-i18n-fr-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jni.jar tomcat8-util-scan-8.0.37.jar
commons-dbcp.jar libintl.jar tomcat8-catalina-storeconfig-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-i18n-fr.jar tomcat8-jsp-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-util-scan.jar
commons-pool-1.6.jar tomcat8-annotations-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-catalina-storeconfig.jar tomcat8-i18n-ja-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jsp-api.jar tomcat8-websocket-8.0.37.jar
commons-pool.jar tomcat8-annotations-api.jar tomcat8-coyote-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-i18n-ja.jar tomcat8-juli-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-websocket-api-8.0.37.jar
ecj.jar tomcat8-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-coyote.jar tomcat8-jasper-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-juli.jar tomcat8-websocket-api.jar
eclipse-ecj-3.11.0.jar tomcat8-api.jar tomcat8-dbcp-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jasper-el-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-servlet-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-websocket.jar
eclipse-ecj.jar tomcat8-catalina-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-dbcp.jar tomcat8-jasper-el.jar tomcat8-servlet-api.jar
el-api-3.0.jar tomcat8-catalina-ant-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-el-api-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jasper.jar tomcat8-tribes-8.0.37.jar
el-impl-2.2.jar tomcat8-catalina-ant.jar tomcat8-el-api.jar tomcat8-jdbc-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-tribes.jar
java_defaults.mk tomcat8-catalina-ha-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-i18n-es-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-jdbc.jar tomcat8-util-8.0.37.jar
javaee-api-7.0.jar tomcat8-catalina-ha.jar tomcat8-i18n-es.jar tomcat8-jni-8.0.37.jar tomcat8-util.jar
由于在/ usr / share / java中找不到这些库的错误，我将el-api，el-impl和jsp-api添加到/ usr / share / java。
POM：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.company.test</groupId>
<artifactId>app</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<prerequisites>
<maven>3.0.0</maven>
</prerequisites>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<springframework.version>4.0.3.RELEASE</springframework.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>8.0.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.1.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.2.7.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.7.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
<artifactId>tiles-extras</artifactId>
<version>3.0.3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.jawr</groupId>
<artifactId>jawr</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-cas</artifactId>
<version>3.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>3.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.10-FINAL</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>8.0.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
<artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.10-FINAL</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>16.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cassandraunit</groupId>
<artifactId>cassandra-unit-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cassandra</groupId>
<artifactId>cassandra-all</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.4-1200-jdbc41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/documentation/package/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF</directory>
</testResource>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/test/resources</directory>
</testResource>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/documentation/conf</directory>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<testOutputDirectory>target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
<testSourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>prod-resources</id>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-resources</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.outputDirectory}</outputDirectory>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.jks</exclude>
<exclude>**/*.xlsx</exclude>
</excludes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>documentation/package/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<filters>
<filter>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/application.properties</filter>
</filters>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
<configuration>
<argLine>-Duser.timezone=UTC -Duser.language=en -Duser.region=US</argLine>
<threadCount>1</threadCount>
<includes>
<include>**/*Tests.java</include>
</includes>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*IntegrationalTests.java</exclude>
</excludes>
<systemPropertyVariables>
<user.timezone>Etc/UTC</user.timezone>
</systemPropertyVariables>
<!-- <forkCount>3</forkCount> <reuseForks>true</reuseForks> -->
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<webResources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/jsp</directory>
<targetPath>WEB-INF/jsp</targetPath>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/tags</directory>
<targetPath>WEB-INF/tags</targetPath>
</resource>
</webResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.ow2.asm</groupId>
<artifactId>asm</artifactId>
<version>5.0.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<configuration>
<formats>
<format>html</format>
<format>xml</format>
</formats>
<check/>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<reporting>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<configuration>
<formats>
<format>html</format>
<format>xml</format>
</formats>
<check/>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-report-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</reporting>
</project>
但是，我仍然遇到查找com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl
答案 0 :(得分：8)
删除
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
这个罐子有javax.el.ExpressionFactory
和tomcat8-el-api.jar具有相同的内容。
这会导致冲突
答案 1 :(得分：4)
删除此
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
并尝试
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>el-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
答案 2 :(得分：0)
同一问题，我在Tomcat7 + JDK1.8盒子上进行了一个旧版安装，其中部署了新的Web应用程序。它原本可以在Tomcat9 + JDK10上运行，但此框是个例外。
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager
org.apache.jasper.JasperException: javax.el.ELException: Provider com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl not found
我无法更新T7 + JDK1.8，因此进行了暴力更改。
rename: tomcat/lib/el-api.jar to el-api.jar_original2.x
add: tomcat/lib/el-api.jar version 3.x
add: tomcat/lib/el-impl-2.2.1-b05.jar version 2.2.x
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.el/javax.el-api/3.0.1-b06
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.glassfish.web/el-impl/2.2.1-b05
答案 3 :(得分：0)
我尝试了所有已经回答的解决方案，但是在Spring Boot 2.1.3 嵌入式 tomcat上，没有一个对我有用。下面的依赖对我有用
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
</dependency>