构建一个新的Rails应用程序并解决nokogiri的问题。据说尝试gem install nokogiri -v '1.6.8.1'失败，输出如下。我尝试删除Gemfile.lock并使用另一个没有问题的应用程序的Gemfile - bundle install仍然失败。原始失败是bundle install，它继续在其他应用中运行。
来自控制台：
gem install nokogiri -v '1.6.8.1'
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing nokogiri:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: ~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/ext/nokogiri
~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20161008-60071-tmqi2l.rb extconf.rb
Ignoring byebug-6.0.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 6.0.2
Ignoring byebug-3.4.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 3.4.0
checking if the C compiler accepts ... yes
checking if the C compiler accepts -Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future... no
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
Using mini_portile version 2.1.0
checking for iconv.h... yes
checking for gzdopen() in -lz... yes
checking for iconv using --with-opt-* flags... yes
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT NOTICE:
Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of libxml2-2.9.4.
Team Nokogiri will keep on doing their best to provide security
updates in a timely manner, but if this is a concern for you and want
to use the system library instead; abort this installation process and
reinstall nokogiri as follows:
gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
[--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config]
[--with-xslt-config=/path/to/xslt-config]
If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:
bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
bundle install
Note, however, that nokogiri is not fully compatible with arbitrary
versions of libxml2 provided by OS/package vendors.
************************************************************************
Extracting libxml2-2.9.4.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin16.1.0/ports/libxml2/2.9.4... OK
Running 'configure' for libxml2 2.9.4... OK
Running 'compile' for libxml2 2.9.4... ERROR, review '~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/ext/nokogiri/tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin16.1.0/ports/libxml2/2.9.4/compile.log' to see what happened. Last lines are:
========================================================================
unsigned short* in = (unsigned short*) inb;
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
encoding.c:815:27: warning: cast from 'unsigned char *' to 'unsigned short *' increases required alignment from 1 to 2 [-Wcast-align]
unsigned short* out = (unsigned short*) outb;
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4 warnings generated.
CC error.lo
CC parserInternals.lo
CC parser.lo
CC tree.lo
CC hash.lo
CC list.lo
CC xmlIO.lo
xmlIO.c:1450:52: error: use of undeclared identifier 'LZMA_OK'
ret = (__libxml2_xzclose((xzFile) context) == LZMA_OK ) ? 0 : -1;
^
1 error generated.
make[2]: *** [xmlIO.lo] Error 1
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make: *** [all] Error 2
========================================================================
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
--help
--clean
--use-system-libraries
--enable-static
--disable-static
--with-zlib-dir
--without-zlib-dir
--with-zlib-include
--without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include
--with-zlib-lib
--without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib
--enable-cross-build
--disable-cross-build
~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:366:in `block in execute': Failed to complete compile task (RuntimeError)
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:337:in `chdir'
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:337:in `execute'
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:111:in `compile'
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:150:in `cook'
from extconf.rb:365:in `block (2 levels) in process_recipe'
from extconf.rb:258:in `block in chdir_for_build'
from extconf.rb:257:in `chdir'
from extconf.rb:257:in `chdir_for_build'
from extconf.rb:364:in `block in process_recipe'
from extconf.rb:263:in `tap'
from extconf.rb:263:in `process_recipe'
from extconf.rb:556:in `<main>'
To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:
~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/extensions/x86_64-darwin-16/2.3.0-static/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/mkmf.log
extconf failed, exit code 1
Gem files will remain installed in ~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to ~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/extensions/x86_64-darwin-16/2.3.0-static/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/gem_make.out
mkmf.log：
"clang -o conftest -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/x86_64-darwin16 -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/libyaml/include -I/usr/local/opt/gdbm/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdivision-by-zero -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wextra-tokens -pipe conftest.c -L. -L~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -L. -fstack-protector -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -lruby-static -framework CoreFoundation -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5: return 0;
6: }
/* end */
"clang -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/x86_64-darwin16 -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/libyaml/include -I/usr/local/opt/gdbm/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdivision-by-zero -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wextra-tokens -pipe -Werror -c conftest.c"
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main() {return 0;}
/* end */
"clang -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/x86_64-darwin16 -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/libyaml/include -I/usr/local/opt/gdbm/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdivision-by-zero -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wextra-tokens -pipe -Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future -Werror -c conftest.c"
error: unknown warning option '-Werror=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future'; did you mean '-Werror=unused-command-line-argument'? [-Werror,-Wunknown-warning-option]
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main() {return 0;}
/* end */
have_header: checking for iconv.h... -------------------- yes
"clang -E -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/x86_64-darwin16 -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/libyaml/include -I/usr/local/opt/gdbm/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdivision-by-zero -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wextra-tokens -pipe conftest.c -o conftest.i"
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: #include <iconv.h>
/* end */
--------------------
have_library: checking for gzdopen() in -lz... -------------------- yes
"clang -o conftest -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/x86_64-darwin16 -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/libyaml/include -I/usr/local/opt/gdbm/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdivision-by-zero -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wextra-tokens -pipe conftest.c -L. -L~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -L. -fstack-protector -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -lruby-static -framework CoreFoundation -lz -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: #include <zlib.h>
4:
5: /*top*/
6: extern int t(void);
7: int main(int argc, char **argv)
8: {
9: if (argc > 1000000) {
10: printf("%p", &t);
11: }
12:
13: return 0;
14: }
15: int t(void) { void ((*volatile p)()); p = (void ((*)()))gzdopen; return !p; }
/* end */
--------------------
have_iconv?: checking for iconv using --with-opt-* flags... -------------------- yes
"clang -o conftest -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/x86_64-darwin16 -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/libyaml/include -I/usr/local/opt/gdbm/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdivision-by-zero -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wextra-tokens -pipe conftest.c -L. -L~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -L. -fstack-protector -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -lruby-static -framework CoreFoundation -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"_iconv", referenced from:
_main in conftest-d46614.o
"_iconv_open", referenced from:
_main in conftest-d46614.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: #include <stdlib.h>
4: #include <iconv.h>
5:
6: int main(void)
7: {
8: iconv_t cd = iconv_open("", "");
9: iconv(cd, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
10: return EXIT_SUCCESS;
11: }
/* end */
"clang -o conftest -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/x86_64-darwin16 -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0/ruby/backward -I~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/include/ruby-2.3.0 -I. -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/libyaml/include -I/usr/local/opt/gdbm/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wunused-variable -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wdivision-by-zero -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wextra-tokens -pipe conftest.c -L. -L~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -L. -fstack-protector -L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/libyaml/lib -L/usr/local/opt/gdbm/lib -lruby-static -framework CoreFoundation -liconv -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: #include <stdlib.h>
4: #include <iconv.h>
5:
6: int main(void)
7: {
8: iconv_t cd = iconv_open("", "");
9: iconv(cd, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
10: return EXIT_SUCCESS;
11: }
/* end */
--------------------
gem_make.out：
current directory: ~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/ext/nokogiri
~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20161008-60071-tmqi2l.rb extconf.rb
Ignoring byebug-6.0.2 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 6.0.2
Ignoring byebug-3.4.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine byebug --version 3.4.0
checking if the C compiler accepts ... yes
checking if the C compiler accepts -Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future... no
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
Using mini_portile version 2.1.0
checking for iconv.h... yes
checking for gzdopen() in -lz... yes
checking for iconv using --with-opt-* flags... yes
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT NOTICE:
Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of libxml2-2.9.4.
Team Nokogiri will keep on doing their best to provide security
updates in a timely manner, but if this is a concern for you and want
to use the system library instead; abort this installation process and
reinstall nokogiri as follows:
gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
[--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config]
[--with-xslt-config=/path/to/xslt-config]
If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:
bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
bundle install
Note, however, that nokogiri is not fully compatible with arbitrary
versions of libxml2 provided by OS/package vendors.
************************************************************************
Extracting libxml2-2.9.4.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin16.1.0/ports/libxml2/2.9.4... OK
Running 'configure' for libxml2 2.9.4... OK
Running 'compile' for libxml2 2.9.4... ERROR, review '~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/ext/nokogiri/tmp/x86_64-apple-darwin16.1.0/ports/libxml2/2.9.4/compile.log' to see what happened. Last lines are:
========================================================================
unsigned short* in = (unsigned short*) inb;
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
encoding.c:815:27: warning: cast from 'unsigned char *' to 'unsigned short *' increases required alignment from 1 to 2 [-Wcast-align]
unsigned short* out = (unsigned short*) outb;
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4 warnings generated.
CC error.lo
CC parserInternals.lo
CC parser.lo
CC tree.lo
CC hash.lo
CC list.lo
CC xmlIO.lo
xmlIO.c:1450:52: error: use of undeclared identifier 'LZMA_OK'
ret = (__libxml2_xzclose((xzFile) context) == LZMA_OK ) ? 0 : -1;
^
1 error generated.
make[2]: *** [xmlIO.lo] Error 1
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make: *** [all] Error 2
========================================================================
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
--help
--clean
--use-system-libraries
--enable-static
--disable-static
--with-zlib-dir
--without-zlib-dir
--with-zlib-include
--without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include
--with-zlib-lib
--without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib
--enable-cross-build
--disable-cross-build
~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:366:in `block in execute': Failed to complete compile task (RuntimeError)
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:337:in `chdir'
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:337:in `execute'
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:111:in `compile'
from ~/.rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mini_portile2-2.1.0/lib/mini_portile2/mini_portile.rb:150:in `cook'
from extconf.rb:365:in `block (2 levels) in process_recipe'
from extconf.rb:258:in `block in chdir_for_build'
from extconf.rb:257:in `chdir'
from extconf.rb:257:in `chdir_for_build'
from extconf.rb:364:in `block in process_recipe'
from extconf.rb:263:in `tap'
from extconf.rb:263:in `process_recipe'
from extconf.rb:556:in `<main>'
To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:
~/.gem/ruby/2.3.1/extensions/x86_64-darwin-16/2.3.0-static/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/mkmf.log
extconf failed, exit code 1
答案 0 :(得分：52)
答案 1 :(得分：51)
我试过了@ the_basterd的推荐。这没用，但参考很好 - 谢谢你the_basterd。该参考资料的作用是：
brew install libxml2
bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries --with-xml2-include=/usr/local/opt/libxml2/include/libxml2
参考：https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1483
后来在该裁判的帖子说，我在上面发布的内容“强烈推荐Nokogiri反对。”
brew unlink xz; bundle install; brew link xz是首选。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
如果您已下载XCode工具但尚未同意许可，则也会遇到相同的错误消息。
从终端，运行：
sudo xcodebuild -license
输入您的管理员密码，通过协议填写空格，然后输入agree接受。运行brew doctor，如有必要，brew update，您应该保持良好状态。
答案 3 :(得分：0)
我使用bundle install --path vendor/bundle直接安装到位于Google云端硬盘同步文件夹中的项目时，使用nokogiri-1.6.8.1遇到了此问题。挂断似乎与libxml2有关。
在阅读@Greg和@the_basterd引用的GitHub问题时，我注意到someone was having trouble installing into a Box sync folder。将我的项目文件夹移动到另一个位置。
在安装到同步文件夹时不确定底层问题是什么，但我有兴趣了解是否有人有任何想法。
没有使用Dropbox对此进行测试，但也许这会导致问题。