Question

我一直在测试这个结构，我收到有关使用gets的警告。有人提到使用fgets代替'\0'替换结尾。任何建议我如何更改我的代码来做到这一点？

void regCars(Car reg[], int *pNrOfCars) {
    char again[WORDLENGTH] = "yes", model[WORDLENGTH], tmp[WORDLENGTH];
    int year, milage;

    while (strcmp(again, "yes") == 0) {
        printf("Enter model:");
        gets(model);
        printf("Enter Year:");
        gets(tmp);
        year = atoi(tmp);
        printf("Enter milage:");
        gets(tmp);
        milage = atoi(tmp);
        reg[*pNrOfCars] = createCar(model, year, milage); 
        (*pNrOfCars)++;
        printf("Continue? (yes/no)");
        gets(again);
    }
}

Answer 1

它看起来有点诡异。如果你在超长输入上处理截断的行并将其处理为有效，那么用fgets（）替换gets没有多大意义。您只是用错误的行为替换了未定义的行为。

if( fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) )
{
   if(!strchr(line, '\n'))
   {
      /* line is too long, what you do is up to you, but normally
         we will discard it */
      int ch;

      while( (ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF)
        if(ch == '\n')
          break;

   }
   else
   {
       /* line is a normal line with a trailing '\n' (gets trims the '\n')           */
   }
}

Answer 2

只做例如

if (NULL != fgets(model, WORDLENGTH, stdin)) /* Read the string. */
{
  model[strcspn(model, "\r\n")] = '\0'; /* Cut off \n and/or \r, if any. */
}

Answer 3

你可以编写一个带有2个参数的实用函数mygets()：一个指向目标数组及其大小的指针：

char *mygets(char *dest, size_t size) {
    /* read a line from standard input and strip the linefeed if any */
    if (fgets(dest, size, stdin)) {
        dest[strcspn(dest, "\n")] = '\0');
        return dest;
    }
    return NULL;
}

void regCars(Car reg[], int *pNrOfCars) {
    char model[WORDLENGTH], tmp[WORDLENGTH];
    int year, milage;

    for (;;) {
        printf("Enter model:");
        if (!mygets(model, sizeof mode))
            break;
        printf("Enter year:");
        if (!mygets(tmp, sizeof tmp))
            break;
        year = atoi(tmp);
        printf("Enter milage:");
        if (!mygets(tmp, sizeof tmp))
            break;
        milage = atoi(tmp);
        reg[*pNrOfCars] = createCar(model, year, milage); 
        (*pNrOfCars)++;
        printf("Continue? (yes/no)");
        if (!mygets(tmp, sizeof(tmp))
            break;
        if (strcmp(again, "yes") != 0)
            break;
    }
}

请注意，您可以使用prompt()函数对更多代码进行分解，该函数会输出问题并读取响应：

char *prompt(const char *message, char *dest, size_t size) {
    printf("%s ", message);
    fflush(stdout);
    /* read a line from standard input and strip the linefeed if any */
    if (fgets(dest, size, stdin)) {
        dest[strcspn(dest, "\n")] = '\0');
        return dest;
    }
    return NULL;
}

void regCars(Car reg[], int *pNrOfCars) {
    char model[WORDLENGTH], tmp[WORDLENGTH];
    int year, milage;

    for (;;) {
        if (!prompt("Enter model:", model, sizeof mode))
            break;
        if (!prompt("Enter year:", tmp, sizeof tmp))
            break;
        year = atoi(tmp);
        if (!prompt("Enter milage:", tmp, sizeof tmp))
            break;
        milage = atoi(tmp);
        reg[*pNrOfCars] = createCar(model, year, milage); 
        (*pNrOfCars)++;
        if (!prompt("Continue? (yes/no)", tmp, sizeof(tmp))
            break;
        if (strcmp(again, "yes") != 0)
            break;
    }
}

另请注意，此函数应采用reg数组的大小，以便在文件已满时停止提示输入更多内容。正如当前指定的那样，它具有与gets()相同的缺点，意外输入将导致未定义的行为。

用fgets（）替换gets（）

3 个答案: