Question

我只是将我的脚趾浸入Python并在此处获得帮助以获得实时更新Matplotlib图形以便为我工作。该程序使用动画从动态增长的CSV文件中提取数据，其数据如下所示：

TimeStamp, ReadCount, Antenna, Protocol, RSSI, EPC, Sensor
09/28/2016 17:34:28.967, 5686, 2, GEN2, -25, E036115348A908CB, 23.16,0.00,0.00, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:29.716, 5687, 2, GEN2, -32, E036115348A908CB,  (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:31.155, 5689, 2, GEN2, -27, E036115348A908CB, 22.74,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:32.351, 5692, 2, GEN2, -25, E036115348A908CB, 22.95,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:32.895, 5695, 2, GEN2, -23, E036115348A908CB, 22.95,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:33.397, 5698, 2, GEN2, -21, E036115348A908CB, 23.78,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:33.946, 5699, 2, GEN2, -23, E036115348A908CB, 23.57,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:34.912, 5702, 2, GEN2, -27, E036115348A908CB, 23.36,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:35.394, 5705, 2, GEN2, -25, E036115348A908CB, 23.36,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:35.988, 5707, 2, GEN2, -23, E036115348A908CB, 23.78,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:36.489, 5710, 2, GEN2, -21, E036115348A908CB, 23.99,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:37.269, 5712, 2, GEN2, -23, E036115348A908CB, 23.78,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:37.796, 5715, 2, GEN2, -18, E036115348A908CB, 23.78,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:38.296, 5718, 2, GEN2, -7, E036115348A908CB, 22.32,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:38.826, 5721, 2, GEN2, -7, E036115348A908CB, 23.57,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:39.320, 5724, 2, GEN2, -30, E036115348A908CB, 23.36,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%), 
09/28/2016 17:34:39.870, 5727, 2, GEN2, -9, E036115348A908CB, 23.36,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%),

此数据来自传感器，我希望能够在显示器上随此图拉出/显示此数据包含的其他一些值。该图的代码如下所示：

import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import collections
import csv

offset = 16
slope = -.2081

def plot(ax, data, colour, width):
    if data:
        last_dt = data[0][0]
        gap = timedelta(seconds=10)

        x = []
        y = []

        # Plot groups of data not more than 60 seconds apart
        for dt, ten in data:
            if dt <= last_dt + gap:
                x.append(dt)
                y.append(ten)
            else:
                ax.plot(matplotlib.dates.date2num(x), y, colour, linewidth=width)
                x = [dt]
                y = [ten]

            last_dt = dt

        ax.plot(matplotlib.dates.date2num(x), y, colour, linewidth=width)


def animate(i, fig, ax):
    # Read in the CSV file
    data = collections.defaultdict(list)
    fields = ["TimeStamp", "ReadCount", "Antenna", "Protocol", "RSSI", "EPC", "Temp", "Ten", "Powr", "Unpowr", "Inf"]

    with open('SensorLogFile.csv') as f_input:
        csv_input = csv.DictReader(f_input, skipinitialspace=True, fieldnames=fields)
        header = next(csv_input)

        # Separate the rows based on the Antenna field
        for row in csv_input:
            try:
                data[row['Antenna']].append(
                    [datetime.strptime(row['TimeStamp'], '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S.%f'), 
                    int(float(row['Ten']) * float(slope) + float(offset))])
            except:
                pass

    # Drop any data points more than 1.5 mins older than the last entry

    latest_dt = data[row['Antenna']][-1][0]     # Last entry
    not_before = latest_dt - timedelta(minutes=.25)

    for antenna, entries in data.items():
        data[antenna] = [[dt, count] for dt, count in entries if dt >= not_before]

    # Redraw existing axis
    ax.clear()

    ax.spines['bottom'].set_color("#5998ff")
    ax.spines['top'].set_color("#5998ff")
    ax.spines['left'].set_color("#5998ff")
    ax.spines['right'].set_color("#5998ff")

    hfmt = matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter('%m/%d/%Y\n%I:%M:%S %p')
    ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(hfmt)
    fig.autofmt_xdate()

    plot(ax, data['1'], 'c', 6)     # Antenna 1
    plot(ax, data['2'], 'r', 6)     # Antenna 2
    plot(ax, data['3'], 'y', 6)     # Antenna 3

    ax.grid(True, color='w')
    plt.ylabel('Tension (lb)', color='w', fontsize=20)
    plt.title('Spiral 1 Tension', color='w', fontsize=26)

    ax.tick_params(axis='y', colors='w')
    ax.tick_params(axis='x', colors='w')

#    ax.set_ylim([21,28])

fig = plt.figure(facecolor='#07000d')
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, axisbg='#07000d')

ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, fargs=(fig, ax), interval=250)
plt.show()

我希望能够将图形放在图形的下方和图形下方的开放区域（图形的整个宽度），我可以在其中放置以下内容（可能有一个框用于每个部分的数据）：

＆＃34;温度＆＃34; （每行第7个csv，只需转换为deg F）
＆＃34;时间＆＃34; （当前时间）
＆＃34;高速模式＆＃34; （没有显示任何有关此数据的信息，但将来只是一个占位符）
＆＃34;循环＆＃34; （将是在一分钟间隙后首次阅读天线1的次数）
包含右下方图片的框 - 例如，请说出此图片

我已经研究过使用Tkinter并尝试关注sentdex＆＃39; s video here

但未能让它发挥作用。

我正处于紧张状态，不能再独自奋斗 - 需要专业人士的帮助。任何人都可以给我一些关于如何制作像我正在寻找的显示器的方向/指导吗？

Answer 1

为了帮助您入门，可能首先要回答一些问题。

如何生活？它应该实时更新吗？在这种情况下，使用FuncAnimation可能是一个坏主意。 答案：是的，实时
它的速度有多快，也就是说，每秒有多少次更新？ 答案：每秒更新4次
是否有更新的触发器？你知道新数据什么时候到来吗？ 答案：没有真正的触发器，但请参见2.
您需要多少互动？它只是应该打开然后运行的情节，还是需要交互式按钮/滑块才能选择部分数据？即使有一些基本的交互性，我建议使用交互式后端留在matplotlib中，而不是过多地使用tkinter - 因为你似乎对它一无所知并且时间有限。 答案：不需要互动
说到你的数据，我发现了一个问题。看着那些线 E036115348A908CB, 22.74,3.38, (Infinity%),
E036115348A908CB, 22.95,0.00,0.00,3.38, (Infinity%),
似乎有数据不完整的情况？！这是可以避免的吗？
情节的时间轴怎么样？首先，您#Drop any data points more than 1.5 mins older than the last entry然后是#Plot groups of data not more than 60 seconds apart，然后丢弃任何早于gap = timedelta(seconds=10)的数据。你能告诉我们什么＆＃34;数据组＆＃34;意味着时间轴应该是多长时间？
您如何计算number of cycles？

结果

import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import collections
import csv

class Anim():
    """
    This class provides a "live" plot of the contents of a log file in csv format. 
    The class structure makes it easy to separate the plot generation from the
        frequent updating of the plot.
    The code is based on a question at stackoverflow
        http://stackoverflow.com/questions/39858501/python-data-display-with-graph
    """
    def __init__(self):

        self.offset = 16.
        self.slope = -.2081

        self.i = 0

        self.axisbg = '#07000d'

        self.fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15,8), facecolor=self.axisbg)
        self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111, axisbg=self.axisbg)

        [self.ax.spines[wh].set_color("#5998ff") for wh in ['bottom', 'top', 'left', 'right']]

        self.hfmt = matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter('%m/%d/%Y\n%I:%M:%S %p')
        self.ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(self.hfmt)
        self.fig.autofmt_xdate()

        #self.framenumber = plt.figtext(0.9, .9, "0",  color='w')
        self.ax.grid(True, color='w')
        plt.ylabel('Tension (lb)', color='w', fontsize=20)
        plt.title('Spiral 1 Tension', color='w', fontsize=26)

        self.ax.tick_params(axis='y', colors='w')
        self.ax.tick_params(axis='x', colors='w')

        initialx = [self.stime("09/28/2016 17:34:28.967"),self.stime("09/28/2016 17:34:29.716") ]
        initialy = [0,0 ]

        self.line1, = self.ax.plot(matplotlib.dates.date2num(initialx), initialy, color="c", linewidth=6)
        self.line2, = self.ax.plot(matplotlib.dates.date2num(initialx), initialy, color="r", linewidth=6)
        self.line3, = self.ax.plot(matplotlib.dates.date2num(initialx), initialy, color="y", linewidth=6)

        plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.1, bottom=0.28, right=0.9, top=0.9, wspace=0, hspace=0)

        self.ax_temp =      plt.axes([0.1, 0.08, 0.2, 0.06], axisbg=self.axisbg)
        self.ax_time =      plt.axes([0.2, 0.08, 0.2, 0.06], axisbg=self.axisbg)
        self.ax_overdrive = plt.axes([0.4, 0.08, 0.2, 0.06], axisbg=self.axisbg)
        self.ax_cycles =    plt.axes([0.5, 0.08, 0.2, 0.06], axisbg=self.axisbg)
        self.ax_image =    plt.axes([0.75, 0.03, 0.3, 0.2], axisbg=self.axisbg)

        self.tx_temp = self.ax_temp.text(0,0, "Temp", color="w", transform=self.ax_temp.transAxes, bbox={"pad" : 10, "ec" : "w", "fc" : self.axisbg})
        self.tx_time = self.ax_time.text(0,0, "Time", color="w", transform=self.ax_time.transAxes, bbox={"pad" : 10, "ec" : "w", "fc" : self.axisbg})
        self.tx_overdrive = self.ax_overdrive.text(0,0, "Overdrive", color="w", transform=self.ax_overdrive.transAxes, bbox={"pad" : 10, "ec" : "w", "fc" : self.axisbg})
        self.tx_cycles = self.ax_cycles.text(0,0, "Cyles", color="w", transform=self.ax_cycles.transAxes, bbox={"pad" : 10, "ec" : "w", "fc" : self.axisbg})

        self.ax_image.imshow(mpimg.imread('mmbRy.jpg'))
        self.ax_image.tick_params(axis='x',which='both',bottom='off', top='off',labelbottom='off')
        self.ax_image.tick_params(axis='y',which='both',left='off', right='off',labelleft='off')
        [self.ax_image.spines[wh].set_color("#5998ff") for wh in ['bottom', 'top', 'left', 'right']]

        self.timer = self.fig.canvas.new_timer(interval=250, callbacks=[(self.animate, [], {})])
        self.timer.start()
        plt.show()


    def plot(self, data, line):
        if data:
            last_dt = data[0][0]
            gap = timedelta(seconds=10)
            x = []
            y = []
            # Plot groups of data not more than 60 seconds apart
            for dt, ten in data:
                if dt <= last_dt + gap:
                    x.append(dt)
                    y.append(ten)
                else:
                    line.set_data(matplotlib.dates.date2num(x), y)
                    #ax.plot(, colour, linewidth=width)
                    x = [dt]
                    y = [ten]
                last_dt = dt
            line.set_data(matplotlib.dates.date2num(x), y)


    def animate(self):
        self.i +=1 #counting the number of frames
        # Read in the CSV file
        data = collections.defaultdict(list)
        fields = ["TimeStamp", "ReadCount", "Antenna", "Protocol", "RSSI", "EPC", "Temp", "Ten", "Powr", "Unpowr", "Inf"]
        temp = ""
        # the complete file is read in, which might be a problem once the file gets very large
        with open('SensorLogFile.csv') as f_input:
            csv_input = csv.DictReader(f_input, skipinitialspace=True, fieldnames=fields)
            header = next(csv_input)
            # Separate the rows based on the Antenna field
            for row in csv_input:
                try:
                    data[row['Antenna']].append([self.stime(row['TimeStamp']), self.rten(row['Ten']) ])
                    temp= row['Temp']
                except:
                    pass

        # Drop any data points more than 1.5 mins older than the last entry
        latest_dt = data[row['Antenna']][-1][0]     # Last entry
        not_before = latest_dt - timedelta(minutes=.25)

        for antenna, entries in data.items():
            data[antenna] = [[dt, count] for dt, count in entries if dt >= not_before]

        self.plot(data['1'],  self.line1)     # Antenna 1
        self.plot(data['2'],  self.line2)     # Antenna 2
        self.plot(data['3'],  self.line3)     # Antenna 3

        #Filling the text boxes
        self.tx_temp.set_text(u"Temperature\n{temp:.2f} °F".format(temp=self.deg2F(temp)))
        self.tx_time.set_text("Time\n{time}".format(time=datetime.now().time()) )
        self.tx_overdrive.set_text("Overdrive\nfill later")
        #Todo: how do you calculate this?
        self.tx_cycles.set_text("Cyles\n{cyles}".format(cyles=self.i)) 
        #Todo: setting the limits correctly, depending on the user's need
        self.ax.set_ylim([0,16])     
        self.ax.set_xlim([matplotlib.dates.date2num(not_before), matplotlib.dates.date2num(latest_dt)])
        #Update the canvas
        self.fig.canvas.draw()


    def deg2F(self,deg):
        return float(deg) * 9./5. + 32. 

    def stime(self, timestamp):
        return datetime.strptime(timestamp, '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S.%f')

    def rten(self, ten):
        return int(float(ten) * self.slope + self.offset)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    Anim()

带有图

1 个答案: