我有一个包含租车信息的计划和公司。我正在尝试将其读入并将其显示在终端上。但是,我只是让一家公司打印清楚,而其他公司只打印出垃圾。我希望这些代理商也可以存储5个汽车库存,但是如果没有阅读我的所有信息,我们都不知道如何存储它们。我也只能使用C-Style字符串。
以下是我正在阅读的文件:
Hertz 93619
2014 Toyota Tacoma 115.12 1
2012 Honda CRV 85.10 0
2015 Ford Fusion 90.89 0
2013 GMC Yukon 110.43 0
2009 Dodge Neon 45.25 1
Alamo 89502
2011 Toyota Rav4 65.02 1
2012 Mazda CX5 86.75 1
2016 Subaru Outback 71.27 0
2015 Ford F150 112.83 1
2010 Toyota Corolla 50.36 1
Budget 93035
2008 Ford Fiesta 42.48 0
2009 Dodge Charger 55.36 1
2012 Chevy Volt 89.03 0
2007 Subaru Legacy 59.19 0
2010 Nissan Maxima 51.68 1
我需要帮助的代码部分:
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
struct car
{
char agency[10];
int zip;
int year;
char make[10];
char model[10];
float price;
int available;
} ;
struct agency
{
char company[10];
int zip;
int inventory[5];
};
void menu();
// Main Function
int main ()
{
// declare variables
const int carAmount = 15;
int agencyAmount = 1;
int choice;
agency agencyLib[carAmount];
car carLib[carAmount];
char filename[10];
ifstream carInData;
bool menu1 = false;
//prompt user for input file
cout << " Enter file name: ";
cin >> filename;
// Start loop menu
while(menu1 = true)
{
menu();
carInData.open(filename);
cin >> choice;
if (carInData.is_open())
{
// read list of names into array
for (int count = 0; count < agencyAmount; count++)
{
carInData >> agencyLib[count].company >> agencyLib[count].zip;
for (count = 0; count < carAmount; count++)
{
carInData >> carLib[count].year >> carLib[count].make >> carLib[count].model >> carLib[count].price >> carLib[count].available;
}
}
}
switch (choice)
{
// Case 1 closes menu
case 1:
return 0;
break;
// Case 2 displays if car is available if 1, unavailable if 0
case 2:
// itterate through car array
for(int count = 0; count < agencyAmount; count++)
{
cout << agencyLib[count].company << " " << agencyLib[count].zip << "\n";
for(int count = 0; count < carAmount; count++)
{
// Displays if car is available or not
/* if (carLib[count].available == 1)
cout << " Available ";
else
cout << " Unavailable ";
*/
// Display Cars
cout << carLib[count].year << " " << carLib[count].make << " " << carLib[count].model << " " << carLib[count].price << " " << "\n";
}
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
作为一般性的初步评论,我认为即使是出于学习目的,这种练习最好让你使用std::strings
而不是c-strings和std::vector
来保持越来越多的项目。
第一个问题是您使用相同的计数器count
来填充您的代理商数组和汽车数组。这将使您很快得到一个超出数组边界和损坏内存的计数器。
解决方案:使用2个不同的计数器重写您的循环结构。
下一个问题是您没有识别代理商的汽车清单的结尾。这使得阅读多个代理商变得不切实际:您将在流阅读中遇到失败,这将阻止您在数据中获得任何有用的信息。
解决方案:分析阅读失败以识别从汽车(第一个元素应该是数字)到新机构(第一个元素是字符串)。
此外,您可能有一些字符串比字符数组允许的长,导致进一步的内存损坏。
解决方案:使用iomanip()限制读取的字符数以确定最大宽度。除非您选择std::string
上一期:变长数组不是标准的C ++特性,即使一些流行的编译器支持它。
解决方案:使用new / delete动态分配或选择此练习使用常量最大大小。
改编,没有选择,菜单等,阅读看起来像:
const int carAmount = 30; // !!!
const int agencyAmount = 10; // !!!
agency agencyLib[carAmount];
car carLib[carAmount];
ifstream carInData ("test.dat");
int numCar = 0, numAgency = 0; // !!! shows the real number of items available
int count1, count2; //
cout << "Start reading" << endl;
for (numAgency = numCar = 0; carInData && numAgency < agencyAmount; numAgency++) {
if (!(carInData >> setw(sizeof(agencyLib[numAgency].company)) >> agencyLib[numAgency].company >> agencyLib[numAgency].zip))
break; // if nothing left, exit loop immediately
for (; numCar < carAmount; numCar++) {
carInData >> carLib[numCar].year >> setw(sizeof(carLib[numCar].make )) >>carLib[numCar].make
>> setw(sizeof(carLib[numCar].model))>>carLib[numCar].model
>> carLib[numCar].price >> carLib[numCar].available;
if (carInData.fail()) { // here we expect a year, but get an agency string
carInData.clear();
break;
}
strcpy(carLib[numCar].agency, agencyLib[numAgency].company);
carLib[numCar].zip = agencyLib[numAgency].zip;
}
}
随后的显示:
cout << "Display agencies: " << endl;
for (count1 = 0; count1 < numAgency; count1++) {
cout << agencyLib[count1].company << " " << agencyLib[count1].zip << "\n";
}
cout << "Cars: " << endl;
for (count2 = 0; count2 < numCar; count2++) {
cout << carLib[count2].agency << " " << carLib[count2].zip << ": ";
cout << carLib[count2].year << " " << carLib[count2].make << " " << carLib[count2].model << " " << carLib[count2].price << " " << "\n";
}
请注意,代理商和汽车之间没有链接(公共字段除外),因此显示屏只显示两个不同的列表。