确定sysdate之前的星期五(或其他特定工作日)

时间:2016-09-29 10:29:38

标签: sql oracle

我需要在SYSDATE之前的最后一个星期五返回日期。

要明确:

  • 如果我今天(9月29日星期四)运行剧本,我希望返回上周五的日期(9月22日星期五)。
  • 如果我从现在开始(10月1日星期六)两天后运行剧本,我希望明天(9月30日星期五)返回明天的日期。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

Oracle有一个名为next_day()的便捷功能(参见here),它可以做一些相关的事情。它会在给定日期之后返回 next 中的某一天。你可以用它来得到你想要的东西:

select next_day(trunc(sysdate), 'FRIDAY') - 7
from dual;

注意:如果今天是星期五,那么这将返回今天的日期。我不确定这是不是你想要的。如果您想要上周五,请使用sysdate - 1

答案 1 :(得分:2)

为了完整起见,以下是NLS设置的独立方式:

WITH dates AS (SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'mm') + LEVEL -1 dt
               FROM   dual
               CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 22)
SELECT dt,
       to_char(dt, 'fmDay') day_of_dt,
       TRUNC(dt + 3, 'iw') - 3  prev_fri_incl_today,
       TRUNC(dt + 2, 'iw') - 3  prev_fri_not_incl_today
FROM   dates;

DT          DAY_OF_DT PREV_FRI_INCL_TODAY PREV_FRI_NOT_INCL_TODAY
----------- --------- ------------------- -----------------------
01/09/2016  Thursday  26/08/2016          26/08/2016
02/09/2016  Friday    02/09/2016          26/08/2016
03/09/2016  Saturday  02/09/2016          02/09/2016
04/09/2016  Sunday    02/09/2016          02/09/2016
05/09/2016  Monday    02/09/2016          02/09/2016
06/09/2016  Tuesday   02/09/2016          02/09/2016
07/09/2016  Wednesday 02/09/2016          02/09/2016
08/09/2016  Thursday  02/09/2016          02/09/2016
09/09/2016  Friday    09/09/2016          02/09/2016
10/09/2016  Saturday  09/09/2016          09/09/2016
11/09/2016  Sunday    09/09/2016          09/09/2016
12/09/2016  Monday    09/09/2016          09/09/2016
13/09/2016  Tuesday   09/09/2016          09/09/2016
14/09/2016  Wednesday 09/09/2016          09/09/2016
15/09/2016  Thursday  09/09/2016          09/09/2016
16/09/2016  Friday    16/09/2016          09/09/2016
17/09/2016  Saturday  16/09/2016          16/09/2016
18/09/2016  Sunday    16/09/2016          16/09/2016
19/09/2016  Monday    16/09/2016          16/09/2016
20/09/2016  Tuesday   16/09/2016          16/09/2016
21/09/2016  Wednesday 16/09/2016          16/09/2016
22/09/2016  Thursday  16/09/2016          16/09/2016

这依赖于以下事实:ISO周始终以星期一开始,并使用该偏差来推导上周五。

我已经提供了两个选项 - 如果你想今天返回,如果今天是星期五,则返回上一个星期五。

仅用于证明NLS设置的潜在问题(next_day不允许您在调用时指定日期语言,与to_char不同):

SQL> ALTER SESSION SET nls_date_language = 'french';
Session altered
SQL> select next_day(trunc(sysdate), 'FRIDAY') - 7
  2  from dual;
select next_day(trunc(sysdate), 'FRIDAY') - 7
from dual
ORA-01846: not a valid day of the week

并证明我的解决方案仍然有效:

SQL> WITH dates AS (SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'mm') + LEVEL -1 dt
  2                 FROM   dual
  3                 CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 22)
  4  SELECT dt,
  5         to_char(dt, 'fmDay') day_of_dt,
  6         TRUNC(dt + 3, 'iw') - 3  prev_fri_incl_today,
  7         TRUNC(dt + 2, 'iw') - 3  prev_fri_not_incl_today
  8  FROM   dates
  9  ;
DT          DAY_OF_DT PREV_FRI_INCL_TODAY PREV_FRI_NOT_INCL_TODAY
----------- --------- ------------------- -----------------------
01/09/2016  Jeudi     26/08/2016          26/08/2016
02/09/2016  Vendredi  02/09/2016          26/08/2016
03/09/2016  Samedi    02/09/2016          02/09/2016
04/09/2016  Dimanche  02/09/2016          02/09/2016
05/09/2016  Lundi     02/09/2016          02/09/2016
06/09/2016  Mardi     02/09/2016          02/09/2016
07/09/2016  Mercredi  02/09/2016          02/09/2016
08/09/2016  Jeudi     02/09/2016          02/09/2016
09/09/2016  Vendredi  09/09/2016          02/09/2016
10/09/2016  Samedi    09/09/2016          09/09/2016
11/09/2016  Dimanche  09/09/2016          09/09/2016
12/09/2016  Lundi     09/09/2016          09/09/2016
13/09/2016  Mardi     09/09/2016          09/09/2016
14/09/2016  Mercredi  09/09/2016          09/09/2016
15/09/2016  Jeudi     09/09/2016          09/09/2016
16/09/2016  Vendredi  16/09/2016          09/09/2016
17/09/2016  Samedi    16/09/2016          16/09/2016
18/09/2016  Dimanche  16/09/2016          16/09/2016
19/09/2016  Lundi     16/09/2016          16/09/2016
20/09/2016  Mardi     16/09/2016          16/09/2016
21/09/2016  Mercredi  16/09/2016          16/09/2016
22/09/2016  Jeudi     16/09/2016          16/09/2016

22 rows selected