检查DB中是否存在对象(Django)

时间:2016-09-27 16:50:12

标签: python django transactions referential-integrity

考虑这个Django代码:

class User(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(null=True, blank=False, verbose_name=_("Name"), help_text='User Name', max_length=256)

class UsersGroup(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(null=False, blank=False, verbose_name=_("Name"), help_text='Users Group Name', max_length=256)
    users = models.ManyToManyField(User)

# ...

with transaction.atomic():
    group.users.add(user)

如果用户在事务开始之前从数据库中删除了怎么办?它会向group.users添加一个不存在的用户。这是一个错误。

在这种情况下如何处理以保持数据库完整性?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

如果在添加到组中时用户不存在,那么查询将在数据库引发IntegrityError时失败,并显示以下消息:

IntegrityError: insert or update on table "app1_usersgroup_users" violates foreign key constraint "app1_usersgroup_users_user_id_96d48fc7_fk_polls_user_id"
DETAIL:  Key (user_id)=(3) is not present in table "polls_user".

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您只需在transaction.atomic块中添加get:

with transaction.atomic():
    user = User.objects.get(name='stackoverflow')
    group.users.add(user)

答案 2 :(得分:0)

您也可以使用例外来处理它:

    try:
      group.users.add(User.objects.get(name='Julian'))
    except:
      # handle the error - user doesn't exist