我有几个在Debian服务器上使用selenium webdriver的python脚本。如果我从终端手动运行它们（通常是root用户），一切正常，但每次我尝试通过crontab运行它时，我都有这样的异常：
WebDriverException: Message: Can't load the profile. Profile Dir: /tmp/tmpQ4vStP If you specified a log_file in the FirefoxBinary constructor, check it for details.
试试这个脚本：
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver
import datetime
import logging
FIREFOX_PATH = '/usr/bin/firefox'
if __name__ == '__main__':
cur_date = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
logging.basicConfig(filename="./logs/download_{0}.log".format(cur_date),
filemode='w',
level=logging.DEBUG,
format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
try:
display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
display.start()
print 'start'
logging.info('start')
binary = FirefoxBinary(FIREFOX_PATH,
log_file='/home/egor/dev/test/logs/firefox_binary_log.log')
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://google.com")
logging.info('title: ' + driver.title)
driver.quit()
display.stop()
except:
logging.exception('')
logging.info('finish')
print 'finish'
crontab命令：
0 13 * * * cd "/home/egor/dev/test" && python test.py
此脚本的日志文件如下所示：
2016-09-27 16:30:01,742 - DEBUG - param: "['Xvfb', '-help']"
2016-09-27 16:30:01,743 - DEBUG - command: ['Xvfb', '-help']
2016-09-27 16:30:01,743 - DEBUG - joined command: Xvfb -help
2016-09-27 16:30:01,745 - DEBUG - process was started (pid=23042)
2016-09-27 16:30:01,747 - DEBUG - process has ended
2016-09-27 16:30:01,748 - DEBUG - return code=0
2016-09-27 16:30:01,748 - DEBUG - stdout=
2016-09-27 16:30:01,751 - DEBUG - param: "['Xvfb', '-br', '-nolisten', 'tcp', '-screen', '0', '800x600x24', ':1724']"
2016-09-27 16:30:01,751 - DEBUG - command: ['Xvfb', '-br', '-nolisten', 'tcp', '-screen', '0', '800x600x24', ':1724']
2016-09-27 16:30:01,751 - DEBUG - joined command: Xvfb -br -nolisten tcp -screen 0 800x600x24 :1724
2016-09-27 16:30:01,753 - DEBUG - param: "['Xvfb', '-br', '-nolisten', 'tcp', '-screen', '0', '800x600x24', ':1725']"
2016-09-27 16:30:01,753 - DEBUG - command: ['Xvfb', '-br', '-nolisten', 'tcp', '-screen', '0', '800x600x24', ':1725']
2016-09-27 16:30:01,753 - DEBUG - joined command: Xvfb -br -nolisten tcp -screen 0 800x600x24 :1725
2016-09-27 16:30:01,755 - DEBUG - process was started (pid=23043)
2016-09-27 16:30:01,755 - DEBUG - DISPLAY=:1725
2016-09-27 16:30:01,855 - INFO - start
2016-09-27 16:30:31,965 - ERROR -
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 31, in <module>
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 103, in __init__
self.binary, timeout)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/extension_connection.py", line 51, in __init__
self.binary.launch_browser(self.profile, timeout=timeout)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/firefox_binary.py", line 68, in launch_browser
self._wait_until_connectable(timeout=timeout)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/firefox_binary.py", line 106, in _wait_until_connectable
% (self.profile.path))
WebDriverException: Message: Can't load the profile. Profile Dir: /tmp/tmpQ4vStP If you specified a log_file in the FirefoxBinary constructor, check it for details.
2016-09-27 16:30:31,966 - INFO - finish
我尝试过：
我真的遇到了这个问题。
我在Debian 7.7上有python 2.7.10，selenium 2.53.6，Xvbf和Firefox 47.0.1
答案 0 :(得分：1)
问题涉及环境变量：cron由系统启动，对用户环境一无所知。
因此，问题的解决方案是让cron运行一个shell脚本，首先设置所需的环境变量，然后运行脚本。在我的情况下，我需要像这样设置PATH varibable：PATH=/root/anaconda3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
此外，在某些情况下设置HOME或DISPLAY变量可能很有用。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
尝试使用硬编码的Firefox二进制文件 https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/webdriver_firefox/selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary.html
selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary.FirefoxBinary("/your/binary/location/firefox")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)