Question

我正在尝试使用PyQt5（记忆游戏）开发我的第一个应用程序。

我创建了两个类： MainApplication ，它继承自QMainWindow，以及 GridWidget ，它继承自QWidget。我的目的是让用户使用menuBar的fileMenu指定包含一些图像（jpg）的文件夹。

因此，在 MainApplication 中，我创建了连接到fileMenu的方法 showDialog ，并输出了一个文件名列表（所选文件夹中图像的名称），存储在列表变量中。我希望能够将其传递给 GridWidget ，以便它可以创建并填充网格。

我对OOP编程有点新意，所以也许我的脚本组织不是最好的，我愿意接受改进建议。我的想法是将 GridWidget 添加到 MainApplication 中，但我不知道如何将 showDialog 的输出传递给它。任何建议都将不胜感激。

到目前为止，这是我的代码：

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Memory game 

My first memory game in PyQt5.

author: Umberto Minora 
last edited: September 2016
"""

import os, sys, glob
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QMainWindow, QWidget,
    QGridLayout, QPushButton, QApplication,
    QAction, QFileDialog)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap

class MainApplication(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.statusBar()

        openFile = QAction('Open', self)
        openFile.setStatusTip('Search image folder')
        openFile.triggered.connect(self.showDialog)

        menubar = self.menuBar()
        fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
        fileMenu.addAction(openFile)

        self.form_widget = GridWidget(self)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle('Memory Game!')
        self.show()

    def showDialog(self):

        folder = str(QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "Select Directory", 
            '/home', QFileDialog.ShowDirsOnly))

        images = glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, '*.jpg'))

        if images:
            return images * 2

class GridWidget(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        grid = QGridLayout()
        self.setLayout(grid)

        names = self.showDialog() # DA SISTEMARE!!!!!!

        positions = [(i,j) for i in range(int(len(names)/2)) for j in range(int(len(names)/2))]

        for position, name in zip(positions, names):

            if name == '':
                continue
            button = QPushButton(name)
            grid.addWidget(button, *position)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = MainApplication()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

修改

感谢 @ekhumoro 的回答，现在代码正常运行。这是我实际运行的代码（它不是完整的游戏，只是从文件夹中初始导入图像）。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Memory game 2

My first memory game in PyQt5.

author: Umberto Minora 
last edited: September 2016
"""

import os, sys, glob, math
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QMainWindow, QWidget,
    QGridLayout, QPushButton, QApplication,
    QAction, QFileDialog, QLabel)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap

class MainApplication(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.statusBar()

        openFile = QAction('Open', self)
        openFile.setShortcut('Ctrl+O')
        openFile.setStatusTip('Search image folder')
        openFile.triggered.connect(self.showDialog)

        menubar = self.menuBar()
        self.fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
        self.fileMenu.addAction(openFile)

        self.gridWidget = QWidget(self)
        self.gridLayout = QGridLayout(self.gridWidget)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.gridWidget)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle('Memory Game!')
        self.show()

    def populateGrid(self, images):
        names = images * 2
        n_cols = math.ceil(math.sqrt(len(names)))
        n_rows = math.ceil(math.sqrt(len(names)))
        positions = [(i,j) for i in range(n_cols) for j in range(n_rows)]
        for position, name in zip(positions, names):
            if name == '':
                continue
            pixmap = QPixmap(name)
            scaled = pixmap.scaled(pixmap.width()/3, pixmap.height()/3)
            del(pixmap)
            lbl = QLabel(self)
            lbl.setPixmap(scaled)
            self.gridLayout.addWidget(lbl, *position)

    def showDialog(self):
        folder = str(QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "Select Directory",
            '.', QFileDialog.ShowDirsOnly))

        images = glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, '*.jpg'))

        if images:
            self.populateGrid(images)


if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = MainApplication()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Answer 1

我认为如果将所有内容保存在一个类中会更简单。您应该使每个子窗口小部件成为该类的属性，以便稍后可以使用类的方法中的self来访问它们。所有的程序逻辑都将放在方法中 - 所以只需要调用方法来响应信号和事件。

以下是该课程的样子：

class MainApplication(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.statusBar()

        openFile = QAction('Open', self)
        openFile.setStatusTip('Search image folder')
        openFile.triggered.connect(self.showDialog)

        menubar = self.menuBar()
        self.fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
        self.fileMenu.addAction(openFile)

        self.gridWidget = QWidget(self)
        self.gridLayout = QGridLayout(self.gridWidget)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.gridWidget)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle('Memory Game!')
        self.show()

    def populateGrid(self, images):
        names = images * 2
        positions = [(i,j) for i in range(int(len(names)/2)) for j in range(int(len(names)/2))]
        for position, name in zip(positions, names):
            if name == '':
                continue
            button = QPushButton(name)
            self.gridLayout.addWidget(button, *position)

    def showDialog(self):
        folder = str(QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "Select Directory",
            '/home', QFileDialog.ShowDirsOnly))

        images = glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, '*.jpg'))

        if images:
            self.populateGrid(images)

python：在另一个类

1 个答案: