从Qt中的uic输出到C ++代码

Question

为了更好地学习Qt，我想学习如何使用Qt的User Interface Compiler的C ++头文件输出以编程方式重新创建相同的UI设计（例如，在Qt Creator中使用Designer派生的那个。）

我应该在Qt项目中创建一个新的头文件并复制该uic输出的内容吗？来自uic ouptut的哪些部分应该在.cpp中的哪个位置以及如何调用它们？

这是在良好编程实践方面的最佳方法;对意见不感兴趣，只关注如何正确地分离定义并使用头文件和源文件？

在何处/如何定义布局和窗口小部件以及如何调用/自定义它们（可能在.cpp文件中？）的最小示例对我来说将是一个很好的学习工具。

例如，下面是使用Qt Creator的Designer工具创建的GUI设计示例，该工具具有多个嵌套布局和多个小部件：

这是上述GUI设计的uic头文件：

#ifndef UI_MAINWINDOW_H
#define UI_MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QtCore/QVariant>
#include <QtWidgets/QAction>
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <QtWidgets/QButtonGroup>
#include <QtWidgets/QFormLayout>
#include <QtWidgets/QFrame>
#include <QtWidgets/QGridLayout>
#include <QtWidgets/QHBoxLayout>
#include <QtWidgets/QHeaderView>
#include <QtWidgets/QLabel>
#include <QtWidgets/QLineEdit>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <QtWidgets/QProgressBar>
#include <QtWidgets/QPushButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QSpacerItem>
#include <QtWidgets/QVBoxLayout>
#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE

class Ui_MainWindow
{
public:
    QWidget *centralWidget;
    QVBoxLayout *verticalLayout_3;
    QFrame *top_frame;
    QGridLayout *gridLayout;
    QSpacerItem *horizontalSpacer;
    QProgressBar *progressBar_2;
    QProgressBar *progressBar_4;
    QSpacerItem *verticalSpacer;
    QSpacerItem *horizontalSpacer_2;
    QPushButton *pushButton_1;
    QProgressBar *progressBar_1;
    QPushButton *pushButton_2;
    QPushButton *pushButton_3;
    QProgressBar *progressBar_3;
    QPushButton *pushButton_4;
    QFrame *bottom_frame;
    QHBoxLayout *horizontalLayout;
    QFrame *frame;
    QFormLayout *formLayout;
    QLabel *label_1;
    QLabel *label_2;
    QSpacerItem *verticalSpacer_2;
    QLineEdit *lineEdit;
    QLineEdit *lineEdit_2;
    QFrame *frame_2;
    QHBoxLayout *horizontalLayout_2;
    QLabel *label_3;
    QSpacerItem *horizontalSpacer_3;
    QLabel *label_4;

    void setupUi(QMainWindow *MainWindow)
    {
        if (MainWindow->objectName().isEmpty())
            MainWindow->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("MainWindow"));
        MainWindow->resize(878, 632);
        centralWidget = new QWidget(MainWindow);
        centralWidget->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("centralWidget"));
        verticalLayout_3 = new QVBoxLayout(centralWidget);
        verticalLayout_3->setSpacing(6);
        verticalLayout_3->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        verticalLayout_3->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("verticalLayout_3"));
        top_frame = new QFrame(centralWidget);
        top_frame->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("top_frame"));
        QSizePolicy sizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Preferred, QSizePolicy::Expanding);
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0);
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0);
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(top_frame->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        top_frame->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        top_frame->setFrameShape(QFrame::StyledPanel);
        top_frame->setFrameShadow(QFrame::Raised);
        gridLayout = new QGridLayout(top_frame);
        gridLayout->setSpacing(6);
        gridLayout->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        gridLayout->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("gridLayout"));
        horizontalSpacer = new QSpacerItem(30, 20, QSizePolicy::Fixed, QSizePolicy::Minimum);

        gridLayout->addItem(horizontalSpacer, 0, 2, 1, 1);

        progressBar_2 = new QProgressBar(top_frame);
        progressBar_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("progressBar_2"));
        progressBar_2->setValue(24);

        gridLayout->addWidget(progressBar_2, 2, 3, 1, 1);

        progressBar_4 = new QProgressBar(top_frame);
        progressBar_4->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("progressBar_4"));
        progressBar_4->setValue(24);

        gridLayout->addWidget(progressBar_4, 2, 5, 1, 1);

        verticalSpacer = new QSpacerItem(20, 10, QSizePolicy::Minimum, QSizePolicy::Fixed);

        gridLayout->addItem(verticalSpacer, 1, 1, 1, 1);

        horizontalSpacer_2 = new QSpacerItem(10, 20, QSizePolicy::Fixed, QSizePolicy::Minimum);

        gridLayout->addItem(horizontalSpacer_2, 0, 4, 1, 1);

        pushButton_1 = new QPushButton(top_frame);
        pushButton_1->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pushButton_1"));

        gridLayout->addWidget(pushButton_1, 0, 0, 1, 1);

        progressBar_1 = new QProgressBar(top_frame);
        progressBar_1->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("progressBar_1"));
        progressBar_1->setValue(24);

        gridLayout->addWidget(progressBar_1, 0, 3, 1, 1);

        pushButton_2 = new QPushButton(top_frame);
        pushButton_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pushButton_2"));

        gridLayout->addWidget(pushButton_2, 0, 1, 1, 1);

        pushButton_3 = new QPushButton(top_frame);
        pushButton_3->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pushButton_3"));

        gridLayout->addWidget(pushButton_3, 2, 0, 1, 1);

        progressBar_3 = new QProgressBar(top_frame);
        progressBar_3->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("progressBar_3"));
        progressBar_3->setValue(24);

        gridLayout->addWidget(progressBar_3, 0, 5, 1, 1);

        pushButton_4 = new QPushButton(top_frame);
        pushButton_4->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pushButton_4"));

        gridLayout->addWidget(pushButton_4, 2, 1, 1, 1);


        verticalLayout_3->addWidget(top_frame);

        bottom_frame = new QFrame(centralWidget);
        bottom_frame->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("bottom_frame"));
        bottom_frame->setFrameShape(QFrame::StyledPanel);
        bottom_frame->setFrameShadow(QFrame::Raised);
        horizontalLayout = new QHBoxLayout(bottom_frame);
        horizontalLayout->setSpacing(6);
        horizontalLayout->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        horizontalLayout->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("horizontalLayout"));
        frame = new QFrame(bottom_frame);
        frame->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("frame"));
        frame->setFrameShape(QFrame::StyledPanel);
        frame->setFrameShadow(QFrame::Raised);
        formLayout = new QFormLayout(frame);
        formLayout->setSpacing(6);
        formLayout->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        formLayout->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("formLayout"));
        label_1 = new QLabel(frame);
        label_1->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("label_1"));

        formLayout->setWidget(0, QFormLayout::LabelRole, label_1);

        label_2 = new QLabel(frame);
        label_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("label_2"));

        formLayout->setWidget(1, QFormLayout::LabelRole, label_2);

        verticalSpacer_2 = new QSpacerItem(20, 20, QSizePolicy::Minimum, QSizePolicy::Expanding);

        formLayout->setItem(2, QFormLayout::LabelRole, verticalSpacer_2);

        lineEdit = new QLineEdit(frame);
        lineEdit->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("lineEdit"));
        QSizePolicy sizePolicy1(QSizePolicy::Expanding, QSizePolicy::Expanding);
        sizePolicy1.setHorizontalStretch(0);
        sizePolicy1.setVerticalStretch(0);
        sizePolicy1.setHeightForWidth(lineEdit->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        lineEdit->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy1);

        formLayout->setWidget(3, QFormLayout::SpanningRole, lineEdit);

        lineEdit_2 = new QLineEdit(frame);
        lineEdit_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("lineEdit_2"));
        sizePolicy1.setHeightForWidth(lineEdit_2->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        lineEdit_2->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy1);

        formLayout->setWidget(4, QFormLayout::LabelRole, lineEdit_2);


        horizontalLayout->addWidget(frame);

        frame_2 = new QFrame(bottom_frame);
        frame_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("frame_2"));
        frame_2->setFrameShape(QFrame::StyledPanel);
        frame_2->setFrameShadow(QFrame::Raised);
        horizontalLayout_2 = new QHBoxLayout(frame_2);
        horizontalLayout_2->setSpacing(6);
        horizontalLayout_2->setContentsMargins(11, 11, 11, 11);
        horizontalLayout_2->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("horizontalLayout_2"));
        label_3 = new QLabel(frame_2);
        label_3->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("label_3"));

        horizontalLayout_2->addWidget(label_3);

        horizontalSpacer_3 = new QSpacerItem(40, 20, QSizePolicy::Fixed, QSizePolicy::Minimum);

        horizontalLayout_2->addItem(horizontalSpacer_3);

        label_4 = new QLabel(frame_2);
        label_4->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("label_4"));

        horizontalLayout_2->addWidget(label_4);

        frame->raise();
        frame->raise();
        label_3->raise();
        label_4->raise();

        horizontalLayout->addWidget(frame_2);


        verticalLayout_3->addWidget(bottom_frame);

        MainWindow->setCentralWidget(centralWidget);

        retranslateUi(MainWindow);

        QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName(MainWindow);
    } // setupUi

    void retranslateUi(QMainWindow *MainWindow)
    {
        MainWindow->setWindowTitle(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", 0));
        pushButton_1->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton_1", 0));
        pushButton_2->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton_2", 0));
        pushButton_3->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton_3", 0));
        pushButton_4->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton_4", 0));
        label_1->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel_1", 0));
        label_2->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel_2", 0));
        label_3->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel_3", 0));
        label_4->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel_4", 0));
    } // retranslateUi

};

namespace Ui {
    class MainWindow: public Ui_MainWindow {};
} // namespace Ui

QT_END_NAMESPACE

#endif // UI_MAINWINDOW_H

（这个问题基本上是我previous问题的后续行动）

Answer 1

最好的方法是将生成的类用作适当的窗口小部件类的成员，在您的情况下作为QMainWindow派生类的成员：

namespace Ui {
    class MainWindow; // forward declaration of the generated class
}

class MyMainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit MyMainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~MyMainWindow();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};

然后在源文件

中创建该实例

#include "ui_mainwindow.h" // include the generated header

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this); // let the generate class populate "this"
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
     delete ui;
}

这也是QtCreator模板为＆＃34; New Designer Form Class＆＃34;生成的结构。