如何使用Java中的所有实例做一些事情

时间:2016-09-23 11:44:48

标签: java static-methods

我正在尝试创建一个将所有实例移动到原点的静态方法,但我不能在实例变量(如xPosition和yPosition)上使用静态方法。

我是否必须遍历所有实例,或者是否有办法使用静态方法执行此操作?

提前致谢!

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

为了确保您拥有类的所有实例,我将阻止允许通过构造构造函数private直接创建实例并强制调用static方法来创建和发布实例,如:

public class MyClass {
    /**
     * Thread-safe collection used to store all existing instances
     */
    private static final Collection<MyClass> INSTANCES = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();

    private MyClass() {}

    public static MyClass newInstance() {
        // Create the instance
        MyClass instance = new MyClass();
        // Publish the instance
        INSTANCES.add(instance);
        return instance;
    }

    public static void release(MyClass instance) {
        //Un-publish my instance
        INSTANCES.remove(instance);
    }

    public static void releaseAll(Predicate<MyClass> predicate) {
        //Un-publish all instances that match with the predicate
        INSTANCES.stream().filter(predicate).forEach(INSTANCES::remove);
    }

    public static void apply(Consumer<MyClass> consumer) {
        // Execute some code for each instance
        INSTANCES.stream().forEach(consumer);
    }
}

然后您的代码将是:

// Create my instance
MyClass myClass = MyClass.newInstance();
// Execute some code here
...
// Release the instance once the work is over to prevent a memory leak
MyClass.release(myClass);
...
// Execute some code on all instances
// Here it will print all instances
MyClass.apply(System.out::println);
...
// Release all instances that match with a given test
MyClass.releaseAll(myClass -> <Some Test Here>);

答案 1 :(得分:3)

如果您拥有所有实例的静态注册表,则可以使用静态方法执行此操作。

class YourClass {
  static List<YourClass> instances = new ArrayList<>();

  YourClass() {
    instances.add(this);  // Yuk! Unsafe publication.
  }

  static void moveAll() {
    for (YourClass instance : instances) {
      // Do something to instance.
    }
  }
}

但是我建议你不要那样做,而是要有一个非静态的注册表类:

class YourClassRegistry {
  List<YourClass> instances = new ArrayList<>();

  void add(YourClass instance) {
    instances.add(instance);
  }

  void moveAll() {
    for (YourClass instance : instances) {
      // Do something to instance.
    }
  }
}

使用示例:

YourClassRegistry registry = new YourClassRegistry();
registry.add(new YourClass());
registry.add(new YourClass());
registry.add(new YourClass());

registry.moveAll();

这允许您拥有单独的“实例”组,您可以单独移动。

全局可变状态(如注册表的静态版本)是一个痛苦的问题,降低了可测试性,需要更多关注线程安全等。