当我通过DriverManager在我的应用程序中创建连接时，数据库连接成功，但是当我通过JNDI在容器中设置连接时没有（java.sql.SQLException：没有合适的驱动程序）。
连接器J bin jar位于$ CATALINA_HOME / lib。
中堆栈：
Tomact 8.5.5
MySQL社区服务器5.7.15
MySQL Connector / J 5.1.39
Java 8.xx
$ CATALINA_HOME / lib中：
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 989497 May 4 13:11 mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 18111 Sep 15 15:37 annotations-api.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 53138 Sep 15 15:37 catalina-ant.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 118471 Sep 15 15:37 catalina-ha.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 74730 Sep 15 15:37 catalina-storeconfig.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 268821 Sep 15 15:37 catalina-tribes.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 1579678 Sep 15 15:37 catalina.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 2393390 Sep 15 15:37 ecj-4.5.1.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 81438 Sep 15 15:37 el-api.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 163078 Sep 15 15:37 jasper-el.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 585489 Sep 15 15:37 jasper.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 26752 Sep 15 15:37 jaspic-api.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 61656 Sep 15 15:37 jsp-api.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 244276 Sep 15 15:37 servlet-api.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 10504 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-api.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 746028 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-coyote.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 251072 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-dbcp.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 65829 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-i18n-es.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 39545 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-i18n-fr.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 42114 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-i18n-ja.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 137738 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-jdbc.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 33871 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-jni.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 205530 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-util-scan.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 128849 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-util.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 209672 Sep 15 15:37 tomcat-websocket.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 Foo 1049089 36662 Sep 15 15:37 websocket-api.jar
Tomcat Server.xml提取：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
-->
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
-->
<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<!-- Global JNDI resources
Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
-->
<GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
-->
<Resource name="jdbc/DB"
auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
maxTotal="100" maxIdle="30" maxWaitMillis="10000"
username="root" password="admin"
driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb"/>
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
-->
<Service name="Catalina">
<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
<!--
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
-->
<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
and responses are returned. Documentation at :
Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html
Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
-->
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
<!--
<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
-->
<!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
This connector uses the NIO implementation with the JSSE engine. When
using the JSSE engine, the JSSE configuration attributes must be used.
-->
<!--
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true">
<SSLHostConfig>
<Certificate certificateKeystoreFile="conf/localhost-rsa.jks"
type="RSA" />
</SSLHostConfig>
</Connector>
-->
<!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2
This connector uses the APR/native implementation. When using the
APR/native implementation or the OpenSSL engine with NIO or NIO2 then
the OpenSSL configuration attributes must be used.
-->
<!--
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" >
<UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
<SSLHostConfig>
<Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem"
certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem"
certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem"
type="RSA" />
</SSLHostConfig>
</Connector>
-->
<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->
<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
-->
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)
/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
<!--
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
-->
<!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
via a brute-force attack -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits
that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
available for use by the Realm. -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
-->
<!-- Access log processes all example.
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
应用程序web.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- This web.xml file is not required when using Servlet 3.0 container,
see implementation details http://jersey.java.net/nonav/documentation/latest/jax-rs.html -->
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>liquibase.changelog</param-name>
<param-value>changelog.sql</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>liquibase.datasource</param-name>
<param-value>java:comp/env/jdbc/MyDB</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>liquibase.host.includes</param-name>
<param-value>localhost</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>liquibase.onerror.fail</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<resource-ref>
<description>DB Connection</description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/DB</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>LiquibaseServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>jersey.config.server.provider.packages</param-name>
<param-value>com.sandbox</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>LiquibaseServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
这有效：
@Path("myresource")
public class MyResource {
/**
* Method handling HTTP GET requests. The returned object will be sent to
* the client as "text/plain" media type.
*
* @return String that will be returned as a text/plain response.
*/
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
public String getIt() throws Exception {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb?" + "user=root&password=admin");
if (conn != null) {
return "Got it!";
} else
return "ERR";
}
}
这不是
@Path("myresource")
public class MyResource {
/**
* Method handling HTTP GET requests. The returned object will be sent to
* the client as "text/plain" media type.
*
* @return String that will be returned as a text/plain response.
*/
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
public String getIt() throws Exception {
Context initContext = new InitialContext();
Context envContext = (Context) initContext.lookup("java:comp/env");
DataSource ds = (DataSource) envContext.lookup("jdbc/DB");
Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
if (conn != null) {
return "Got it!";
} else
return "ERR";
}
}
例外：
HTTP Status 500 - org.glassfish.jersey.server.ContainerException: java.sql.SQLException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'</h1><div class="line"></div><p><b>type</b> Exception report</p><p><b>message</b> <u>org.glassfish.jersey.server.ContainerException: java.sql.SQLException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'</u></p><p><b>description</b> <u>The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.</u></p><p><b>exception</b></p><pre>javax.servlet.ServletException: org.glassfish.jersey.server.ContainerException: java.sql.SQLException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.serviceImpl(WebComponent.java:489)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.service(WebComponent.java:427)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:388)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:341)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:228)
org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
</pre><p><b>root cause</b></p><pre>org.glassfish.jersey.server.ContainerException: java.sql.SQLException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.internal.ResponseWriter.rethrow(ResponseWriter.java:278)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.internal.ResponseWriter.failure(ResponseWriter.java:260)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$Responder.process(ServerRuntime.java:509)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$2.run(ServerRuntime.java:334)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors$1.call(Errors.java:271)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors$1.call(Errors.java:267)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:315)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:297)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:267)
org.glassfish.jersey.process.internal.RequestScope.runInScope(RequestScope.java:317)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime.process(ServerRuntime.java:305)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ApplicationHandler.handle(ApplicationHandler.java:1154)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.serviceImpl(WebComponent.java:473)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.service(WebComponent.java:427)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:388)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:341)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:228)
org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
</pre><p><b>root cause</b></p><pre>java.sql.SQLException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'
org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.BasicDataSource.createConnectionFactory(BasicDataSource.java:2167)
org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:2037)
org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:1543)
com.sandbox.MyResource.getIt(MyResource.java:33)
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.ResourceMethodInvocationHandlerFactory$1.invoke(ResourceMethodInvocationHandlerFactory.java:81)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher$1.run(AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.java:144)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.invoke(AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.java:161)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.JavaResourceMethodDispatcherProvider$TypeOutInvoker.doDispatch(JavaResourceMethodDispatcherProvider.java:205)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.dispatch(AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.java:99)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceMethodInvoker.invoke(ResourceMethodInvoker.java:389)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceMethodInvoker.apply(ResourceMethodInvoker.java:347)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceMethodInvoker.apply(ResourceMethodInvoker.java:102)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$2.run(ServerRuntime.java:326)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors$1.call(Errors.java:271)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors$1.call(Errors.java:267)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:315)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:297)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:267)
org.glassfish.jersey.process.internal.RequestScope.runInScope(RequestScope.java:317)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime.process(ServerRuntime.java:305)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ApplicationHandler.handle(ApplicationHandler.java:1154)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.serviceImpl(WebComponent.java:473)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.service(WebComponent.java:427)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:388)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:341)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:228)
org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
</pre><p><b>root cause</b></p><pre>java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver
java.sql.DriverManager.getDriver(DriverManager.java:315)
org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.BasicDataSource.createConnectionFactory(BasicDataSource.java:2151)
org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:2037)
org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp2.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:1543)
com.sandbox.MyResource.getIt(MyResource.java:33)
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.ResourceMethodInvocationHandlerFactory$1.invoke(ResourceMethodInvocationHandlerFactory.java:81)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher$1.run(AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.java:144)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.invoke(AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.java:161)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.JavaResourceMethodDispatcherProvider$TypeOutInvoker.doDispatch(JavaResourceMethodDispatcherProvider.java:205)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.internal.AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.dispatch(AbstractJavaResourceMethodDispatcher.java:99)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceMethodInvoker.invoke(ResourceMethodInvoker.java:389)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceMethodInvoker.apply(ResourceMethodInvoker.java:347)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.model.ResourceMethodInvoker.apply(ResourceMethodInvoker.java:102)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$2.run(ServerRuntime.java:326)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors$1.call(Errors.java:271)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors$1.call(Errors.java:267)
100 9239 0 9239 0 0 34864 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 37104rors.process(Errors.java:315)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:297)
org.glassfish.jersey.internal.Errors.process(Errors.java:267)
org.glassfish.jersey.process.internal.RequestScope.runInScope(RequestScope.java:317)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime.process(ServerRuntime.java:305)
org.glassfish.jersey.server.ApplicationHandler.handle(ApplicationHandler.java:1154)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.serviceImpl(WebComponent.java:473)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.service(WebComponent.java:427)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:388)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:341)
org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:228)
org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
</pre><p><b>note</b> <u>The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.5.5 logs.</u></p><hr class="line"><h3>Apache Tomcat/8.5.5</h3></body></html>