我正在尝试在视频的每一帧上绘制一个位图作为叠加层。我找到了一个关于如何解码和编码视频的例子，它正在发挥作用。这个例子有一个带有drawFrame函数的TextureRenderer类，我需要修改它才能添加位图。我是opengl的新手，但我了解到我需要用位图创建一个纹理并绑定它。我在下面的代码中尝试了这个，但它抛出异常。
/*
* Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
// from: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/cts/+/lollipop-release/tests/tests/media/src/android/media/cts/TextureRender.java
// blob: 4125dcfcfed6ed7fddba5b71d657dec0d433da6a
// modified: removed unused method bodies
// modified: use GL_LINEAR for GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER to improve quality.
package com.example.name.videoeditortest;
/**
* Code for rendering a texture onto a surface using OpenGL ES 2.0.
*/
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.SurfaceTexture;
import android.opengl.GLES11Ext;
import android.opengl.GLES20;
import android.opengl.GLUtils;
import android.opengl.Matrix;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
/**
* Code for rendering a texture onto a surface using OpenGL ES 2.0.
*/
class TextureRender {
private Bitmap bitmap;
private static final String TAG = "TextureRender";
private static final int FLOAT_SIZE_BYTES = 4;
private static final int TRIANGLE_VERTICES_DATA_STRIDE_BYTES = 5 * FLOAT_SIZE_BYTES;
private static final int TRIANGLE_VERTICES_DATA_POS_OFFSET = 0;
private static final int TRIANGLE_VERTICES_DATA_UV_OFFSET = 3;
private final float[] mTriangleVerticesData = {
// X, Y, Z, U, V
-1.0f, -1.0f, 0, 0.f, 0.f,
1.0f, -1.0f, 0, 1.f, 0.f,
-1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 0.f, 1.f,
1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 1.f, 1.f,
};
private FloatBuffer mTriangleVertices;
private static final String VERTEX_SHADER =
"uniform mat4 uMVPMatrix;\n" +
"uniform mat4 uSTMatrix;\n" +
"attribute vec4 aPosition;\n" +
"attribute vec4 aTextureCoord;\n" +
"varying vec2 vTextureCoord;\n" +
"void main() {\n" +
" gl_Position = uMVPMatrix * aPosition;\n" +
" vTextureCoord = (uSTMatrix * aTextureCoord).xy;\n" +
"}\n";
private static final String FRAGMENT_SHADER =
"#extension GL_OES_EGL_image_external : require\n" +
"precision mediump float;\n" + // highp here doesn't seem to matter
"varying vec2 vTextureCoord;\n" +
"uniform samplerExternalOES sTexture;\n" +
"void main() {\n" +
" gl_FragColor = texture2D(sTexture, vTextureCoord);\n" +
"}\n";
private float[] mMVPMatrix = new float[16];
private float[] mSTMatrix = new float[16];
private int mProgram;
private int mTextureID = -12345;
private int mTextureBitmapID = -12345;
private int muMVPMatrixHandle;
private int muSTMatrixHandle;
private int maPositionHandle;
private int maTextureHandle;
public TextureRender() {
mTriangleVertices = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(
mTriangleVerticesData.length * FLOAT_SIZE_BYTES)
.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()).asFloatBuffer();
mTriangleVertices.put(mTriangleVerticesData).position(0);
Matrix.setIdentityM(mSTMatrix, 0);
}
public int getTextureId() {
return mTextureID;
}
public void drawFrame(SurfaceTexture st) {
checkGlError("onDrawFrame start");
st.getTransformMatrix(mSTMatrix);
GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);
checkGlError("glUseProgram");
//Bing textrues
GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE0);
GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES11Ext.GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, mTextureID);
GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, mTextureBitmapID);
mTriangleVertices.position(TRIANGLE_VERTICES_DATA_POS_OFFSET);
GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(maPositionHandle, 3, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
TRIANGLE_VERTICES_DATA_STRIDE_BYTES, mTriangleVertices);
checkGlError("glVertexAttribPointer maPosition");
GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maPositionHandle);
checkGlError("glEnableVertexAttribArray maPositionHandle");
mTriangleVertices.position(TRIANGLE_VERTICES_DATA_UV_OFFSET);
GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(maTextureHandle, 2, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
TRIANGLE_VERTICES_DATA_STRIDE_BYTES, mTriangleVertices);
checkGlError("glVertexAttribPointer maTextureHandle");
GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maTextureHandle);
checkGlError("glEnableVertexAttribArray maTextureHandle");
Matrix.setIdentityM(mMVPMatrix, 0);
GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(muMVPMatrixHandle, 1, false, mMVPMatrix, 0);
GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(muSTMatrixHandle, 1, false, mSTMatrix, 0);
GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
checkGlError("glDrawArrays");
GLES20.glFinish();
}
/**
* Initializes GL state. Call this after the EGL surface has been created and made current.
*/
public void surfaceCreated() {
mProgram = createProgram(VERTEX_SHADER, FRAGMENT_SHADER);
if (mProgram == 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("failed creating program");
}
maPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aPosition");
checkGlError("glGetAttribLocation aPosition");
if (maPositionHandle == -1) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get attrib location for aPosition");
}
maTextureHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aTextureCoord");
checkGlError("glGetAttribLocation aTextureCoord");
if (maTextureHandle == -1) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get attrib location for aTextureCoord");
}
muMVPMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMVPMatrix");
checkGlError("glGetUniformLocation uMVPMatrix");
if (muMVPMatrixHandle == -1) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get attrib location for uMVPMatrix");
}
muSTMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uSTMatrix");
checkGlError("glGetUniformLocation uSTMatrix");
if (muSTMatrixHandle == -1) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get attrib location for uSTMatrix");
}
int[] textures = new int[1];
GLES20.glGenTextures(1, textures, 0);
mTextureID = textures[0];
GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES11Ext.GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, mTextureID);
checkGlError("glBindTexture mTextureID");
GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES11Ext.GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,
GLES20.GL_NEAREST);
GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES11Ext.GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,
GLES20.GL_LINEAR);
GLES20.glTexParameteri(GLES11Ext.GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S,
GLES20.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
GLES20.glTexParameteri(GLES11Ext.GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T,
GLES20.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
checkGlError("glTexParameter");
mTextureBitmapID = loadBitmapTexture();
}
private int loadBitmapTexture()
{
final int[] textureHandle = new int[1];
GLES20.glGenTextures(1, textureHandle, 0);
if (textureHandle[0] != 0)
{
// Bind to the texture in OpenGL
GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureHandle[0]);
// Set filtering
GLES20.glTexParameteri(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GLES20.GL_NEAREST);
GLES20.glTexParameteri(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GLES20.GL_NEAREST);
// Load the bitmap into the bound texture.
GLUtils.texImage2D(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, bitmap, 0);
}
if (textureHandle[0] == 0)
{
throw new RuntimeException("Error loading texture.");
}
return textureHandle[0];
}
/**
* Replaces the fragment shader.
*/
public void changeFragmentShader(String fragmentShader) {
GLES20.glDeleteProgram(mProgram);
mProgram = createProgram(VERTEX_SHADER, fragmentShader);
if (mProgram == 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("failed creating program");
}
}
private int loadShader(int shaderType, String source) {
int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(shaderType);
checkGlError("glCreateShader type=" + shaderType);
GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, source);
GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
int[] compiled = new int[1];
GLES20.glGetShaderiv(shader, GLES20.GL_COMPILE_STATUS, compiled, 0);
if (compiled[0] == 0) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not compile shader " + shaderType + ":");
Log.e(TAG, " " + GLES20.glGetShaderInfoLog(shader));
GLES20.glDeleteShader(shader);
shader = 0;
}
return shader;
}
private int createProgram(String vertexSource, String fragmentSource) {
int vertexShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexSource);
if (vertexShader == 0) {
return 0;
}
int pixelShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentSource);
if (pixelShader == 0) {
return 0;
}
int program = GLES20.glCreateProgram();
checkGlError("glCreateProgram");
if (program == 0) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not create program");
}
GLES20.glAttachShader(program, vertexShader);
checkGlError("glAttachShader");
GLES20.glAttachShader(program, pixelShader);
checkGlError("glAttachShader");
GLES20.glLinkProgram(program);
int[] linkStatus = new int[1];
GLES20.glGetProgramiv(program, GLES20.GL_LINK_STATUS, linkStatus, 0);
if (linkStatus[0] != GLES20.GL_TRUE) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not link program: ");
Log.e(TAG, GLES20.glGetProgramInfoLog(program));
GLES20.glDeleteProgram(program);
program = 0;
}
return program;
}
public void checkGlError(String op) {
int error;
while ((error = GLES20.glGetError()) != GLES20.GL_NO_ERROR) {
Log.e(TAG, op + ": glError " + error);
throw new RuntimeException(op + ": glError " + error);
}
}
public void setBitmap(Bitmap bitmap){
this.bitmap = bitmap;
}
/**
* Saves the current frame to disk as a PNG image. Frame starts from (0,0).
* <p>
* Useful for debugging.
*/
public static void saveFrame(String filename, int width, int height) {
// glReadPixels gives us a ByteBuffer filled with what is essentially big-endian RGBA
// data (i.e. a byte of red, followed by a byte of green...). We need an int[] filled
// with native-order ARGB data to feed to Bitmap.
//
// If we implement this as a series of buf.get() calls, we can spend 2.5 seconds just
// copying data around for a 720p frame. It's better to do a bulk get() and then
// rearrange the data in memory. (For comparison, the PNG compress takes about 500ms
// for a trivial frame.)
//
// So... we set the ByteBuffer to little-endian, which should turn the bulk IntBuffer
// get() into a straight memcpy on most Android devices. Our ints will hold ABGR data.
// Swapping B and R gives us ARGB. We need about 30ms for the bulk get(), and another
// 270ms for the color swap.
//
// Making this even more interesting is the upside-down nature of GL, which means we
// may want to flip the image vertically here.
ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(width * height * 4);
buf.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
GLES20.glReadPixels(0, 0, width, height, GLES20.GL_RGBA, GLES20.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buf);
buf.rewind();
int pixelCount = width * height;
int[] colors = new int[pixelCount];
buf.asIntBuffer().get(colors);
for (int i = 0; i < pixelCount; i++) {
int c = colors[i];
colors[i] = (c & 0xff00ff00) | ((c & 0x00ff0000) >> 16) | ((c & 0x000000ff) << 16);
}
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
fos = new FileOutputStream(filename);
Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(colors, width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 90, fos);
bmp.recycle();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to write file " + filename, ioe);
} finally {
try {
if (fos != null) fos.close();
} catch (IOException ioe2) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to close file " + filename, ioe2);
}
}
Log.d(TAG, "Saved " + width + "x" + height + " frame as '" + filename + "'");
}
}
抛出异常：
E/ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest: error while releasing muxer
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Can't stop due to wrong state.
at android.media.MediaMuxer.stop(MediaMuxer.java:231)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.extractDecodeEditEncodeMux(ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.java 434)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.access$000(ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.java:58)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest$TestWrapper.run(ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.java:171)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:841)
如果我在drawFrame中评论GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D);，则视频会正确呈现，但不会显示位图。如果我在drawFrame中评论GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, mTextureBitmapID);，我会收到以下异常：
java.lang.RuntimeException: glVertexAttribPointer maPosition: glError 1280
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.TextureRender.checkGlError(TextureRender.java:259)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.TextureRender.drawFrame(TextureRender.java:111)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.OutputSurface.drawImage(OutputSurface.java:252)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.doExtractDecodeEditEncodeMux(ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.java:793)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.extractDecodeEditEncodeMux(ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.java:341)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.access$000(ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.java:58)
at com.example.name.videoeditortest.ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest$TestWrapper.run(ExtractDecodeEditEncodeMuxTest.java:171)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:841)
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我看到两件事似乎对我不利。
您正在尝试同时绑定所有内容，并希望对GLES20.glDrawArrays（）的一次调用将绘制所有内容。
您只有一个着色器，您应该有两个着色器：一个用于进行视频纹理渲染，另一个用于位图图层渲染。
你必须知道的是，一个帧可以通过多次调用glDrawArrays来绘制，每次调用只会在之前绘制的东西上绘制一些部分（基本上）。
在您的案例中渲染框架的第一部分应该是这样的：
loadShaderForVideo（）
loadShaderForBitmapLayer（）
prepareYourArraysEtc（）
...
GLClear（）
updateVideoTexture（）
并条机（）{
drawVideo(){
bindYourActiveTextureToVideo()
setYourVertexAttribAndUniform()
GLES20.glDrawArrays()
}
drawBitmap() {
bindYourActiveTextureToBitmap()
setYourVertexAttribAndUniform() // This should be the same as above for video
// Considering you want to draw above your video, consider activating the blending for transparency :
GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_BLEND);
GLES20.glBlendFunc(GLES20.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GLES20.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
GLES20.glDrawArrays()
}
}
关于着色器，请看看这些：
两者的常见顶点着色器：
public static final String vertexDefaultShaderCode =
"uniform mat4 uVPMatrix;" +
"uniform mat4 uModelMatrix;" + // uniform = input const
"attribute vec3 aPosition;" + // attribute = input property different for each vertex
"attribute vec2 aTexCoordinate;" +
"varying vec2 vTexCoordinate;" +// varying = output property different for each pixel
"void main() {" +
"vTexCoordinate = aTexCoordinate;" +
"gl_Position = uVPMatrix * uModelMatrix * vec4(aPosition,1.0);" +
"}";
然后是基本片段着色器（用于位图2D纹理）：
public static final String fragmentDefaultShaderCode =
"precision mediump float;" +
"uniform sampler2D uTexture;" +
"varying vec2 vTexCoordinate;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_FragColor = texture2D(uTexture, vTexCoordinate);" +
"}";
然后是视频渲染的另一个版本：
public static final String fragmentExternalShaderCode =
"#extension GL_OES_EGL_image_external : require\n" +
"precision mediump float;" +
"uniform samplerExternalOES sTexture;" +
"varying vec2 vTexCoordinate;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_FragColor = texture2D(sTexture, vTexCoordinate);" +
"}";
因此，您将需要两个程序，一个使用defaultVertexShader + defaultFragmentShader，另一个使用defaultVertexShader + fragmentExternalShaderCode。
我希望只有这些修改才能解决您的问题。
此致
答案 1 :(得分：-1)