Angular2在运行时将AppModule中的服务注入到依赖的NgModule组件中?

时间:2016-09-14 16:17:00

标签: javascript angular service dependency-injection module

如果我有:

AppModule imports: [SubModule], providers: [AppProvidedService]

SubModule declarations: [SubComponent]

SubComponent constructor(appProvidedService: AppProvidedService){}

我明白了:

Uncaught Can't resolve all parameters for SubComponent: (?).

基本上,它表示注射器无法解析AppProvidedService。

如何构建NgModule,使其依赖于依赖于它的NgModule中创建的服务?

我尝试使用OpaqueToken和接口,但我仍然遇到同样的问题。 SubModule无法看到来自父模块的内容。

最终的愿望是拥有一个可以从导入它的应用程序中注入的模块。这样,我可以将特定于应用程序的行为注入通用组件。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

我想出来了。它确实需要OpaqueTokens。

首先,为接口提供一个接口和OpaqueToken(app-provided.service.interface:

import { OpaqueToken } from "@angular/core";

export interface AppProvidedServiceInterface {
    ...
}

export const SERVICE_INTERFACE = new OpaqueToken("AppProvidedServiceInterface");

在AppModule的提供者中:

    /*
     * Injection of app-specific behavior into a common module without hard dependencies:
     *
     * This is how you inject a service into a module that is imported
     * and prevent that module from having a hard dependency on the actual
     * implementation.  Use an interface with an OpaqueToken. Then the
     * component that needs it imports it and uses the AppInjector to get the
     * instance.
     */
    {
        provide: SERVICE_INTERFACE,
        useFactory: () => {
            return new AppProvidedService();
        }
    }

在bootstrap中获取对app注入器的引用并存储它...(我们使用一个名为AppInjector的简单单例类(答案结尾处的源代码)):

platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule)
.then((appRef: NgModuleRef<AppComponent>) => {
        AppInjector.getInstance().setInjector(appRef.injector);
    },
    error => console.log(error) // tslint:disable-line
);

然后,在SubModule中,在要使用注入事物的类中,必须使用注入器根据OpaqueToken(sub.component.ts)查找类:

// DO NOT REFERENCE A CONCRETE SERVICE!
private appProvidedService: AppProvidedServiceInterface;

constructor(/* can't inject it here */) {
    // Get the app-specific behavior from the service injected in the application module.
    this.appProvidedService = AppInjector.getInstance().getInjector().get(SERVICE_INTERFACE);
}

现在,你的SubModule有一个对接口的引用,而不是具体的实现,AppModule可以通过providers: []注入所需的行为!

AppInjector singleton:

import { Injector } from "@angular/core";

export class AppInjector {
    private static instance: AppInjector;
    private injector: Injector;

    constructor() {
        // throw new Error("Singleton - can't instantiate.");        
    }

    public static getInstance() {
        if (!AppInjector.instance) {
            AppInjector.instance = new AppInjector();
        }

        return AppInjector.instance;
    }

    public setInjector(injector: Injector) {
        this.injector = injector;
    }

    public getInjector(): Injector {
        return this.injector;
    }
}