我这些天学习keras,并且在使用scikit-learn API时遇到了错误。这里有用的东西:
环境:
python:3.5.2
keras:1.0.5
scikit-learn:0.17.1
CODE
import pandas as pd
from keras.layers import Input, Dense
from keras.models import Model
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.wrappers.scikit_learn import KerasRegressor
from sklearn.cross_validation import train_test_split
from sklearn.cross_validation import cross_val_score
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sklearn.cross_validation import KFold
def read_db():
"get prepared data from mysql."
con_str = "mysql+mysqldb://root:0000@localhost/nbse?charset=utf8"
engine = create_engine(con_str)
data = pd.read_sql_table('data_ml', engine)
return data
def nn_model():
"create a model."
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(output_dim=100, input_dim=105, activation='softplus'))
model.add(Dense(output_dim=1, input_dim=100, activation='softplus'))
model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam')
return model
data = read_db()
y = data.pop('PRICE').as_matrix()
x = data.as_matrix()
model = nn_model()
model = KerasRegressor(build_fn=model, nb_epoch=2)
model.fit(x,y) #something wrong here!
错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/forecast/gridsearch.py", line 43, in <module>
model.fit(x,y)
File "D:\Program Files\Python35\lib\site-packages\keras\wrappers\scikit_learn.py", line 135, in fit
**self.filter_sk_params(self.build_fn.__call__))
TypeError: __call__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'x'
Process finished with exit code 1
该模型运行良好,无需使用kerasRegressor打包,但我想在此之后使用sk_learn的gridSearch,所以我在这里寻求帮助。我试过但仍然不知道。
可能有用的东西:
keras.warappers.scikit_learn.py
class BaseWrapper(object):
def __init__(self, build_fn=None, **sk_params):
self.build_fn = build_fn
self.sk_params = sk_params
self.check_params(sk_params)
def fit(self, X, y, **kwargs):
'''Construct a new model with build_fn and fit the model according
to the given training data.
# Arguments
X : array-like, shape `(n_samples, n_features)`
Training samples where n_samples in the number of samples
and n_features is the number of features.
y : array-like, shape `(n_samples,)` or `(n_samples, n_outputs)`
True labels for X.
kwargs: dictionary arguments
Legal arguments are the arguments of `Sequential.fit`
# Returns
history : object
details about the training history at each epoch.
'''
if self.build_fn is None:
self.model = self.__call__(**self.filter_sk_params(self.__call__))
elif not isinstance(self.build_fn, types.FunctionType):
self.model = self.build_fn(
**self.filter_sk_params(self.build_fn.__call__))
else:
self.model = self.build_fn(**self.filter_sk_params(self.build_fn))
loss_name = self.model.loss
if hasattr(loss_name, '__name__'):
loss_name = loss_name.__name__
if loss_name == 'categorical_crossentropy' and len(y.shape) != 2:
y = to_categorical(y)
fit_args = copy.deepcopy(self.filter_sk_params(Sequential.fit))
fit_args.update(kwargs)
history = self.model.fit(X, y, **fit_args)
return history
此行中出现错误:
self.model = self.build_fn(
**self.filter_sk_params(self.build_fn.__call__))
self.build_fn这里是keras.models.Sequential
models.py
class Sequential(Model):
def call(self, x, mask=None):
if not self.built:
self.build()
return self.model.call(x, mask)
那么,x是什么意思以及如何解决这个错误?
谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:12)
xiao,我遇到了同样的问题!希望这会有所帮助:
documentation for Keras指出,在为scikit-learn实现Wrappers时,有两个参数。第一个是构建函数,它是一个&#34;可调用函数或类实例&#34;。具体而言,它声明:
build_fn
应构造,编译并返回一个Keras模型,然后用于拟合/预测。可以将以下三个值之一传递给build_fn:
- 功能
- 实现调用方法
的类的实例- 无。这意味着您实现了一个继承自
醇>KerasClassifier
或KerasRegressor
的类。然后,将此类的调用方法视为默认的build_fn。
在代码中,创建模型,然后在创建build_fn
包装器时将模型作为参数KerasRegressor
的值传递:
model = nn_model()
model = KerasRegressor(build_fn=model, nb_epoch=2)
这就是问题所在。您可以传递Keras nn_model
模型的实际实例,而不是将build_fn
函数作为Sequential
传递。因此,当调用fit()
时,它无法找到call
方法,因为它未在您返回的类中实现。
我所做的工作是将函数传递给build_fn
,而不是实际的模型:
data = read_db()
y = data.pop('PRICE').as_matrix()
x = data.as_matrix()
# model = nn_model() # Don't do this!
# set build_fn equal to the nn_model function
model = KerasRegressor(build_fn=nn_model, nb_epoch=2) # note that you do not call the function!
model.fit(x,y) # fixed!
这不是唯一的解决方案(您可以将build_fn
设置为适当地实现call
方法的类),但是对我有效的方法。我希望它可以帮到你!
答案 1 :(得分:0)
用户定义的关键字参数传递给__init__()
,也就是说,所有传递给__init__()
的关键字参数都将直接传递给model_build_fn
。例如,调用 KerasClassifier(myparam=10)
将导致 model_build_fn(my_param=10)
这是一个例子:
class MyMultiOutputKerasRegressor(KerasRegressor):
# initializing
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
KerasRegressor.__init__(self, **kwargs)
# simpler fit method
def fit(self, X, y, **kwargs):
KerasRegressor.fit(self, X, [y]*3, **kwargs)
(...)
def get_quantile_reg_rpf_nn(layers_shape=[50,100,200,100,50], inDim= 4, outDim=1, act='relu'):
# do model stuff...
(...) 初始化 Keras 回归器:
base_model = MyMultiOutputKerasRegressor(build_fn=get_quantile_reg_rpf_nn,
layers_shape=[50,100,200,100,50], inDim= 4,
outDim=1, act='relu', epochs=numEpochs,
batch_size=batch_size, verbose=0)