Question

我有一个rails应用程序（rails 5）。在开发过程中，当我使用

时，一切正常

rails console

并输入一条指令，例如User.all，它正在运作。

在制作中，我的应用运行完美，没有问题，没有错误，但当我使用rails console production并输入例如User.all时，我有一个错误：

NameError: uninitialized constant User
    from (irb):2
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.0.1/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:65:in `start'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.0.1/lib/rails/commands/console_helper.rb:9:in `start'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.0.1/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:78:in `console'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.0.1/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:49:in `run_command!'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-5.0.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-5.0.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `block in require'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-5.0.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-5.0.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
    from /home/alexandre/tcheen/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/commands/rails.rb:6:in `load'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/commands/rails.rb:6:in `call'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/command_wrapper.rb:38:in `call'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/application.rb:191:in `block in serve'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/application.rb:161:in `fork'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/application.rb:161:in `serve'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/application.rb:131:in `block in run'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/application.rb:125:in `loop'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/application.rb:125:in `run'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.2/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:19:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
    from /home/alexandre/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
    from -e:1:in `<main>'

我的所有课程都有同样的问题，但我再说一遍，应用程序工作正常。我在Mac OS上开发，应用程序在debian 8上运行。我的模型正确命名我验证。感谢

Answer 1

我遇到了这个问题，并且在我对其中一个作业文件进行调整后发现了这个问题。修复它的原因是重新启动弹簧加载器。跑吧

spring stop

然后，下次运行rails console时，它应该正常加载。

Answer 2

我遇到了同样的问题，上面的rewolf's answer为我临时解决了这个问题。

只需添加他的答案即可：

通过运行以下命令停止spring gem之后

spring stop

您还可以通过提升bin/可执行文件（从中删除春季宝石）来永久解决此问题：

bin/spring binstub --remove --all

或

spring binstub --remove --all

您现在可以运行以下命令进入生产中的Rails控制台

rails c --environment=production

此外，为避免在以后的情况下发生这种情况，请尽力确保spring宝石仅出现在Gemfile的development和test组中。

此外，在生产中，请确保始终为--without development test命令提供bundle install参数

bundle install --without development test

而不是通常或常见的

bundle install

请注意：作为指示，每当您运行命令rails c或rails console时，您都会看到以下输出：

在进程26651中通过Spring预加载器运行警告：Spring正在生产中。要解决此问题，请确保春季宝石仅出现在Gemfile的development和test组中，并确保在生产中始终使用bundle install --without development test

这表明spring gem在您的生产环境中正在运行，应将其停止或完全从bin可执行文件中删除。

仅此而已。

我希望这会有所帮助

生产中的Rails控制台：NameError：未初始化的常量

2 个答案: