Question

我尝试使用存储库中的ruby 2.1.5+deb8u2和ruby-dev 2.1.5+deb8u2软件包在新安装的Debian 8.5上设置新的Ruby项目。我想在我的项目中包含变异测试。我将mutant-rspec添加到Gemfile：

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rake'
gem 'rspec', require: 'spec'
gem 'mutant-rspec'

Bundler（1.13.0）似乎安装好了宝石

ytg@debian-vm:~/projects/new_project$ bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/..........
Fetching version metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Using rake 11.2.2
....
Using rspec-core 3.5.3
Using rspec-expectations 3.5.0
Using rspec-mocks 3.5.0
...
Using rspec 3.5.0
...
Installing mutant 0.8.11
Installing mutant-rspec 0.8.11
Bundle complete! 5 Gemfile dependencies, 34 gems now installed.
Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

现在，如果我尝试使用rake文件

使用rake mutant --trace来运行突变体

require 'bundler/gem_tasks'
require 'rspec/core/rake_task'
require 'rubocop/rake_task'
require 'mutant'

RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new :spec

task default: :spec

RuboCop::RakeTask.new

task :mutant do
  result = Mutant::CLI.run %w(--since problem9 -Ilib -Ispec
                              --use rspec MyProject*)
  raise 'Mutation testing failed' unless result
end

我收到错误消息：

warning: parser/current is loading parser/ruby21, which recognizes
warning: 2.1.8-compliant syntax, but you are running 2.1.5.
warning: please see https://github.com/whitequark/parser#compatibility-with-ruby-mri.
** Invoke mutant (first_time)
** Execute mutant
Could not load integration "rspec" (you may want to try installing the gem mutant-rspec)
rake aborted!
Mutation testing failed
/home/ytg/projects/new_project/Rakefile:15:in `block in <top (required)>'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:248:in `call'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:248:in `block in execute'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:243:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:243:in `execute'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:187:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:180:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:173:in `invoke'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:152:in `invoke_task'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `block in top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:117:in `run_with_threads'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:102:in `top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:80:in `block in run'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:178:in `standard_exception_handling'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:77:in `run'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.2.2/exe/rake:27:in `<top (required)>'
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `load'
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => mutant

如果我尝试直接执行此操作，则会显示相同的消息

ytg@debian-vm:~/projects/new_project$ mutant -I lib/ --use rspec MyProject*
warning: parser/current is loading parser/ruby21, which recognizes
warning: 2.1.8-compliant syntax, but you are running 2.1.5.
warning: please see https://github.com/whitequark/parser#compatibility-with-ruby-mri.
Could not load integration "rspec" (you may want to try installing the gem mutant-rspec)

据我所知，这是因为some loading issue。但究竟是什么装载问题呢？如何在我的项目上运行mutant？

（我还尝试使用sudo gem install mutant-rspec安装gem以防万一，但它没有帮助，我收到相同的错误消息。）

Answer 1

您正在运行的mutant可能无法在正确的环境中执行。请尝试使用bundle exec mutant，这样可以确保Gemfile中指定的那个与正确的宝石一起使用。

为了帮助调试，请使用which mutant确定要调用的版本。 sudo gem install 不应该是一个解决方案，我建议sudo gem uninstall恢复原状，否则可能会导致问题。

但我认为所有这些都是红鲱鱼。

对于Rakefile，它实际上并没有对mutant脚本进行炮轰。你绕过它并直接转到Mutant::CLI。这里的问题是没有任何东西正在设置加载路径，因此它将包含mutant-rspec：

task :mutant do
  puts $LOAD_PATH # debug: see it's missing load path for mutant-rspec
  require 'bundler/setup' # This line is new
  puts $LOAD_PATH # debug: see how it changes

  result = Mutant::CLI.run %w(--since problem9 -Ilib -Ispec
                              --use rspec MyProject*)
  raise 'Mutation testing failed' unless result
end

或者，bundle exec rake mutant也应该做同样的事情。我建议总是使用bundle exec（或binstubs），而不是路径上恰好有rake。否则很难推理。

缺少突变体-RSpec？

1 个答案: