我正在尝试为嵌入式主板开发驱动程序。该驱动程序应该打开 v4l2 的界面,并使用 i2c 与2台设备进行通信。司机将担任主人。
我似乎无法理解i2c_device_id
数组和i2c_add_driver
函数的工作原理。我在内核源代码中阅读了文档,但它对多个从属客户端没有帮助。
i2c_add_driver
吗? 我在这里粘贴我的代码。我试图实例化两个i2c_drivers
,称为i2c_driver_add
两次,并单独实施i2c探测。该代码无效,告诉我foo1
已在第二次调用i2c_add_driver
时已注册。
我在我的dts文件中的i2c1
下定义了两个块,如:
&i2c1 {
...
foo0: foo0@00 {
compatible = "bar,foo0";
reg = <0x00>;
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_ipu1_2>;
clocks = <&clks IMX6QDL_CLK_CKO>;
clock-names = "csi_mclk";
DOVDD-supply = <&vgen4_reg>; /* 1.8v */
AVDD-supply = <&vgen3_reg>; /* 2.8v, on rev C board is VGEN3,
on rev B board is VGEN5 */
DVDD-supply = <&vgen2_reg>; /* 1.5v*/
pwn-gpios = <&gpio1 16 1>; /* active low: SD1_DAT0 */
rst-gpios = <&gpio1 17 0>; /* active high: SD1_DAT1 */
csi_id = <0>;
mclk = <24000000>;
mclk_source = <0>;
};
foo1: foo1@02 {
compatible = "bar, foo1";
reg = <0x02>;
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_ipu1_2>;
clocks = <&clks IMX6QDL_CLK_CKO>;
clock-names = "csi_mclk";
DOVDD-supply = <&vgen4_reg>; /* 1.8v */
AVDD-supply = <&vgen3_reg>; /* 2.8v, on rev C board is VGEN3,
on rev B board is VGEN5 */
DVDD-supply = <&vgen2_reg>; /* 1.5v*/
pwn-gpios = <&gpio1 16 1>; /* active low: SD1_DAT0 */
rst-gpios = <&gpio1 17 0>; /* active high: SD1_DAT1 */
csi_id = <0>;
mclk = <24000000>;
mclk_source = <0>;
};
...
除了名字之外,两个街区完全相同。
在驱动程序文件中,我实例化了以下结构:
static const struct i2c_device_id foo_id[] = {
{"foo0", 0},
{"foo1", 1},
{},
};
static struct i2c_driver foo0_i2c_driver = {
.driver = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "foo0",
},
.probe = foo0_probe,
.remove = foo0_remove,
.id_table = foo_id,
};
static struct i2c_driver foo1_i2c_driver = {
.driver = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "foo1",
},
.probe = foo1_probe,
.remove = foo1_remove,
.id_table = foo_id,
};
以下是我的init
和exit
功能:
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(i2c, foo_id);
static __init int foo_init(void)
{
u8 err;
err = i2c_add_driver(&foo0_i2c_driver);
if (err != 0)
pr_err("%s:driver registration failed i2c-slave0, error=%d\n",
__func__, err);
err = i2c_add_driver(&foo1_i2c_driver);
if (err != 0)
pr_err("%s:driver registration failed i2c-slave1, error=%d\n",
__func__, err);
return err;
}
static void __exit foo_clean(void)
{
if((&foo0_i2c_driver) != NULL && i2c0initialized)
{
i2c_del_driver(&foo0_i2c_driver);
i2c0initialized = 0;
}
if((&foo1_i2c_driver) != NULL && i2c1initialized)
{
i2c_del_driver(&foo1_i2c_driver);
i2c1initialized = 0;
}
}
module_init(foo_init);
module_exit(foo_clean);
以下是我的probe
功能。我为两个奴隶都有两份副本。
static int foo_probe(struct i2c_client *client,
const struct i2c_device_id *device_id)
{
struct pinctrl *pinctrls;
struct device *dev = &client->dev;
int ret = 0;
pinctrls = devm_pinctrl_get_select_default(dev);
if(IS_ERR(pinctrls))
{
dev_err(dev, "pinctrl setup failed\n");
return PTR_ERR(pinctrls);
}
memset(&foo_data, 0, sizeof(foo_data));
foo_data.sensor_clk = devm_clk_get(dev, "csi_mclk");
if(IS_ERR(foo_data.sensor_clk))
{
dev_err(dev, "get mclk failed\n");
return PTR_ERR(foo_data.sensor_clk);
}
ret = of_property_read_u32(dev->of_node, "mclk", &(foo_data.mclk));
if(ret < 0)
{
dev_err(dev, "mclk frequency is invalid\n");
return ret;
}
ret = of_property_read_u32(dev->of_node, "mclk_source",
(u32 *)&(foo_data.mclk_source));
if(ret < 0)
{
dev_err(dev, "mclk source is invalid\n");
return ret;
}
ret = of_property_read_u32(dev->of_node, "csi_id", &(foo_data.csi));
if(ret < 0)
{
dev_err(dev, "csi_id invalid\n");
return ret;
}
clk_prepare_enable(foo_data.sensor_clk);
i2c_client0 = client;
/* custom data structures are set here */
foo_reset();
ret = foo_get_id();
if(ret < 0 /* || ret != foo_ID */)
{
clk_disable_unprepare(foo_data.sensor_clk);
pr_warning("foo is not found\n");
return -ENODEV;
}
clk_disable_unprepare(foo_data.sensor_clk);
foo_int_device.priv = &foo_data;
ret = v4l2_int_device_register(&foo_int_device);
pr_info("foo is found\n");
i2c0initialized = 1;
return ret;
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
这个答案迟了5个月,但希望它能帮助那些遇到同样问题的人(就像我一样)并找不到合适的答案。
简而言之,解决方案是使用次要数字来表示每个奴隶。您的驱动程序将在您存储的客户端列表中查找该次要编号,以获取正确的i2c_client。
长版 您的I2C驱动程序最终可能是这种独特设备的字符设备驱动程序。否则,框架(例如hwmon)可能已经实现,并且框架已经完成了处理多个从属设备,因此您无需担心它。有关示例,请参阅http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/drivers/hwmon/。
现在假设它是一个字符设备驱动程序,在你的驱动程序__init中你需要分配与从设备一样多的次要数字:
alloc_chrdev_region(&dev, *MINOR_START*, *NUM_DEVICES*, name)
/* for each minor or slave device, do cdev_init and cdev_add */
现在进入MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE
。输入每个从站的条目,记住该字符串必须与设备树兼容的条目匹配。第二个字段是一个数字,我们将它用作唯一标识符和次要编号(这是技巧):
struct i2c_device_id foo_idtable[] = {
{ "foo_1", 0 },
{ "foo_2", 1 },
{ },
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(i2c, foo_idtable);
确定这一点后,将为每个匹配的设备树条目调用.probe
函数。调用.probe
函数时,Linux会传入它为您实例化的i2c_client指针。这是技巧的另一部分,有一个存储这些单独的i2c_client指针的全局表。全局表的索引是次要编号。次要号码也是传入的id->driver_data
,这是您之前在foo_idtable
中分配的号码。
static int foo_probe(struct i2c_client *client, const struct i2c_device_id *id)
{
/* Store the i2c_client pointer in a global table using minor number as index
* make sure to allocate the global table dynamically */
that_table[id->driver_data] = client;
/* The id->driver_data is the minor number! */
}
希望你现在正在追赶。 当您修改.ko时,您想要创建多个节点,每个小节点一个节点:
insmod foo.ko
make_dir /dev/foo
find_major foo
make_node /dev/foo/foo_0 c <major> 0
make_node /dev/foo/foo_1 c <major> 1
现在,当您的用户空间代码尝试使用您的驱动程序时,它将打开与正确的次要编号(从属设备)对应的文件。在用户空间中,您可以执行以下操作:
/* Accessing slave #0 */
int fd = open("/dev/foo/foo_0", O_RDWR);
/* Accessing slave #1 */
int fd_1 = open("/dev/foo/foo_1", O_RDWR);
你的.open实现将被调用。
static int foo_driver_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
{
int minor_num = MINOR(inode->i_rdev);
/* remember the global table we had before that was indexed using the minor number?
* Let's get the i2c_client stored there and get filep->private_data
* to point to that i2c_client. Then subsequent read/write/ioctl can just
* obtain the i2c_client from filep->private_data */
filep->private_data = that_table[minor_num];
}
然后,例如,您的用户空间代码调用驱动程序的ioctl:
ioctl(fd, FOO_IOCTL_DO_READ, &msg);
ioctl(fd_1, FOO_IOCTL_DO_WRITE, &msg);
在你的驱动程序的ioctl实现中:
long foo_driver_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsinged int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
/* the filep->private_data has the i2c_client pointer! yay! */
struct i2c_client *client = filep->private_data;
/* now you can talk to your slave device with the i2c_client knowing
* it is the correct i2c_client */
}
就是这样:)。
我希望这是有道理的。这是一个很长的解释,但我希望我是彻底但不太混乱。最大的问题是我们有一个存储i2c_cient指针的全局表,但由于.probe
和.open
没有办法在彼此之间传递参数,所以我想不出一种方法。 。如果有人有更好的解决方案,请告诉我。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
这是我现在正在使用的解决方法,我不会接受这个作为答案,因为这种方法感觉不对。
Plot_ID Tree_ID Dbh13 Dbh08 Dbh03 Dbh93_94
106 6 236 132 123 132
204 5 NA NA NA 142
495 8 134 NA NA 102
984 12 NA 123 110 97