简单的DI示例:
public interface INumberToWordConverter
{
string ConvertNumber(int number);
}
public interface IOutputManager
{
void Write<T>(string who, T what);
}
public interface INumberProvider
{
int GenerateNumber();
}
public class PlayWithDI
{
private IOutputManager _outputManagerService;
private INumberProvider _numberProviderService;
private INumberToWordConverter _numberToWordConverterService;
private PlayWithDI() { }
public PlayWithDI(
IOutputManager outputManagerService,
INumberProvider numberProviderService,
INumberToWordConverter numberToWordConverterService)
{
if (outputManagerService == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(outputManagerService));
if (numberProviderService == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(numberProviderService));
if (numberToWordConverterService == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(numberToWordConverterService));
_outputManagerService = outputManagerService;
_numberProviderService = numberProviderService;
_numberToWordConverterService = numberToWordConverterService;
}
public void Execute()
{
int number = _numberProviderService.GenerateNumber();
string wordOfNumber = _numberToWordConverterService.ConvertNumber(number);
_outputManagerService.Write(nameof(PlayWithDI), wordOfNumber);
}
示例实现(只是ctors):
// Implements INumberProvider
public RandomNumberProvider(
int min, int max,
IOutputManager outputManagerService)
{
...
}
// Implements INumberToWordConverter
public ItalianNumberToWordConverter(
IOutputManager outputManagerService)
{
...
}
// Implements IConsoleManager
public ConsoleOutputManager()
{
...
}
如果我知道哪min
和max
给RandomNumberProvider
,我会这样解决:
public void Install(
IWindsorContainer container,
IConfigurationStore store)
{
container.Register(
Component.For<PlayWithDI>());
container.Register(
Component.For<IOutputManager>()
.ImplementedBy<ConsoleOutputManager>());
container.Register(
Component.For<INumberProvider>()
.ImplementedBy<RandomNumberProvider>()
.DependsOn(
Dependency.OnValue("min", 2),
Dependency.OnValue("max", 20)));
container.Register(
Component.For<INumberToWordConverter>()
.ImplementedBy<ItalianNumberToWordConverter>());
}
...
container.Install(new DependenciesConfiguration1());
var testDI = container.Resolve<PlayWithDI>();
testDI.Execute();
当我想在运行时向RandomNumberProvider
提供自定义参数时会出现问题。
我看了一下TypedFactory
,但我在这个例子中并没有真正理解它,因为如果我先解决一个工厂,我该如何解决PlayWithDi?我应该传递给它的构造函数一个INumberProviderFactory而不是一个INumberProvider吗?
在这种情况下,我想到了这样的工厂:
public interface INumberProviderFactory
{
INumberProvider Create(
IOutputManager outputManager,
int min, int max);
}
当我打电话给Create
时,我应该如何解决outputManager
呢?我很困惑。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
当我想在运行时向RandomNumberProvider提供自定义参数时会出现问题。
这是你出错的地方。 Injecting runtime data into components during construction is ananti-pattern:
在构建期间不要将运行时数据注入应用程序组件;它会导致歧义,使组合根变得更加复杂,并且使得验证DI配置的正确性变得非常困难。 [...]让运行时数据流过构造对象图的方法调用。
换句话说,您的RandomNumberProvider
应接受min
和max
参数是GenerateNumber
方法的输入参数。