每当我尝试将对象插入到Derby嵌入式数据库的表中时，我都会从Hibernate收到此错误：
Hibernate: insert into car (cost, make, model, price, sold, start, type, year, doors, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Aug 30, 2016 2:13:40 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
WARN: SQL Error: 20000, SQLState: 42X01
Aug 30, 2016 2:13:40 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
ERROR: Syntax error: Encountered "year" at line 1, column 63.
Aug 30, 2016 2:13:40 PM org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionMapperStandardImpl mapManagedFlushFailure
ERROR: HHH000346: Error during managed flush [org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not prepare statement]
Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not prepare statement
at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:147)
at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:155)
at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:162)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1403)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:473)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flushBeforeTransactionCompletion(SessionImpl.java:3133)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.beforeTransactionCompletion(SessionImpl.java:2370)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcCoordinatorImpl.beforeTransactionCompletion(JdbcCoordinatorImpl.java:467)
at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.beforeCompletionCallback(JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.java:146)
at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.access$100(JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.java:38)
at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl$TransactionDriverControlImpl.commit(JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.java:220)
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionImpl.commit(TransactionImpl.java:68)
at com.ethanrich.dao.CarDAO.insert(CarDAO.java:27)
at com.ethanrich.finalproject.Main.main(Main.java:26)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not prepare statement
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:63)
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:42)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:111)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:182)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:78)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.batch.internal.AbstractBatchImpl.buildBatchStatement(AbstractBatchImpl.java:136)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.batch.internal.AbstractBatchImpl.getBatchStatement(AbstractBatchImpl.java:125)
at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2915)
at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3434)
at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityInsertAction.execute(EntityInsertAction.java:89)
at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:582)
at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:456)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:337)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:39)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1397)
... 10 more
Caused by: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: Syntax error: Encountered "year" at line 1, column 63.
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.SQLExceptionFactory.getSQLException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.Util.generateCsSQLException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.TransactionResourceImpl.wrapInSQLException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.TransactionResourceImpl.handleException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedConnection.handleException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.ConnectionChild.handleException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedPreparedStatement.<init>(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedPreparedStatement42.<init>(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.jdbc.Driver42.newEmbedPreparedStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedConnection.prepareStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedConnection.prepareStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$1.doPrepare(StatementPreparerImpl.java:87)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:172)
... 21 more
Caused by: ERROR 42X01: Syntax error: Encountered "year" at line 1, column 63.
at org.apache.derby.iapi.error.StandardException.newException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.iapi.error.StandardException.newException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.ParserImpl.parseStatementOrSearchCondition(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.ParserImpl.parseStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.GenericStatement.prepMinion(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.GenericStatement.prepare(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.conn.GenericLanguageConnectionContext.prepareInternalStatement(Unknown Source)
... 28 more
代码：
Main.class
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Model m = new Model();
ArrayList<Vehicle> vehicles = new ArrayList<>();
vehicles.add(new Car(2, "Toyota", "Camry", 2009, dateOf(2012, 7, 23), dateOf(2012, 7, 27), 7600.00, 17500.00, 4));
for(Vehicle v : vehicles) {
m.getCarDAO().insert((Car) v);
}
}
public static Date dateOf(int year. int month, int day) {
GregorianCalendar gc = new GregorianCalendar(year, month, day);
return new Date(gc.getTimeInMillis());\
}
}
Vehicle.class
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass;
@MappedSuperclass
public abstract class Vehicle {
@Id
private int id;
private int year;
private String type;
private String make;
private String model;
private Date start;
private Date sold;
private double cost;
private double price;
public Vehicle() {}
public Vehicle(int id, String type, String make, String model, int year, Date start, Date sold, double cost, double price) {
this.setId(id);
this.setType(type);
this.setMake(make);
this.setModel(model);
this.setYear(year);
this.setDateStart(start);
this.setDateSold(sold);
this.setCost(cost);
this.setPrice(price);
}
// GETTERS
public int getId() {return id;}
public String getType() {return type;}
public String getMake() {return make;}
public String getModel() {return model;}
public int getYear() {return year;}
public Date getDateStart() {return start;}
public Date getDateSold() {return sold;}
public double getCost() {return cost;}
public double getPrice() {return price;}
// SETTERS
public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}
public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}
public void setMake(String make) {this.make = make;}
public void setModel(String model) {this.model = model;}
public void setYear(int year) {this.year = year;}
public void setDateStart(Date start) {this.start = start;}
public void setDateSold(Date sold) {this.sold = sold;}
public void setCost(double cost) {this.cost = cost;}
public void setPrice(double price) {this.price = price;}
}
Car.class
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "car")
public class Car extends Vehicle {
private int doors;
public Car() {
super();
}
public Car(int id, String make, String model, int year, Date start, Date sold, double cost, double price, int doors) {
super(id, "CAR", make, model, year, start, sold, cost, price);
this.setDoors(doors);
}
public int getDoors() {
return doors;
}
public void setDoors(int doors) {
this.doors = doors;
}
public String toString() {
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/YYYY");
return "ID: #" + getId() + " Type: Car, " + getMake() + ", " + getModel() + ", car year is , start inventory date is " + sdf.format(getDateStart()) + ", date sold " + sdf.format(getDateSold()) + ", dealer’s car cost is $" + getCost() + ", sold price is $" + getPrice() + ", 4 wheels.";
}
}
CarDAO.class
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.query.NativeQuery;
public class CarDAO {
public static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public CarDAO(SessionFactory sf) {
sessionFactory = sf;
}
public CarDAO(){}
public void insert(Car c) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(c);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
public void delete(Car c) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.delete(c);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
public void update(Car c) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.update(c);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
public Car getById(int id) {
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Car c = (Car) session.get(Car.class, id);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
return c;
}
}
Model.class
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.ethanrich.databeans.*;
public class Model {
private TruckDAO truckDAO;
private CarDAO carDAO;
public Model() {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
configuration.configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
configuration.addAnnotatedClass(Car.class);
SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
carDAO = new CarDAO(sessionFactory);
}
public CarDAO getCarDAO() { return carDAO; }
public void setCarDAO(CarDAO carDAO) { this.carDAO = carDAO;}
}
的hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.DerbyTenSevenDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.event.merge.entity_copy_observer">allow</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver</property>
<!-- -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:derby:vehicles;create=true</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">admin</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">admin</property>
<property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<!-- <property name="hibernate.connection.release_mode">ON_CLOSE</property> -->
<mapping class="com.erisawesome.databeans.Vehicle"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
程序只是将Car对象放在ArrayList中，然后将它们插入到数据库中。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
查看异常，它会告诉您问题的原因：“错误：语法错误：在第1行第63行遇到”年“。碰巧“年”是Derby中的保留关键字，因此您不能将其用于表名或列名。更改列的名称并重试..
在https://db.apache.org/derby/docs/10.1/ref/rrefkeywords29722.html
检查德比中的保留关键字