如何在WebApp项目中实现嵌入式数据库？所以，为了测试项目我使用Tomcat。有没有办法在web应用程序中拥有“本地”/独立数据库？
我的本地数据库（db.script）：
SET DATABASE UNIQUE NAME HSQLDB56C1DBAB62
SET DATABASE GC 0
SET DATABASE DEFAULT RESULT MEMORY ROWS 0
SET DATABASE EVENT LOG LEVEL 0
SET DATABASE TRANSACTION CONTROL LOCKS
SET DATABASE DEFAULT ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED
SET DATABASE TRANSACTION ROLLBACK ON CONFLICT TRUE
SET DATABASE TEXT TABLE DEFAULTS ''
SET DATABASE SQL NAMES FALSE
SET DATABASE SQL REFERENCES FALSE
SET DATABASE SQL SIZE TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL TYPES FALSE
SET DATABASE SQL TDC DELETE TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL TDC UPDATE TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL TRANSLATE TTI TYPES TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL TRANSLATE TTI TYPES TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL CONCAT NULLS TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL UNIQUE NULLS TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL CONVERT TRUNCATE TRUE
SET DATABASE SQL AVG SCALE 0
SET DATABASE SQL DOUBLE NAN TRUE
SET FILES WRITE DELAY 500 MILLIS
SET FILES BACKUP INCREMENT TRUE
SET FILES CACHE SIZE 10000
SET FILES CACHE ROWS 50000
SET FILES SCALE 32
SET FILES LOB SCALE 32
SET FILES DEFRAG 0
SET FILES NIO TRUE
SET FILES NIO SIZE 256
SET FILES LOG TRUE
SET FILES LOG SIZE 50
CREATE USER "Chris" PASSWORD DIGEST '4a7d1ed414474e4033ac29ccb8653d9b'
ALTER USER "Chris" SET LOCAL TRUE
CREATE SCHEMA PUBLIC AUTHORIZATION DBA
SET SCHEMA PUBLIC
CREATE MEMORY TABLE PUBLIC.CUSTOMER(ID VARCHAR(20))
ALTER SEQUENCE SYSTEM_LOBS.LOB_ID RESTART WITH 1
SET DATABASE DEFAULT INITIAL SCHEMA PUBLIC
GRANT USAGE ON DOMAIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SQL_IDENTIFIER TO PUBLIC
GRANT USAGE ON DOMAIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.YES_OR_NO TO PUBLIC
GRANT USAGE ON DOMAIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TIME_STAMP TO PUBLIC
GRANT USAGE ON DOMAIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CARDINAL_NUMBER TO PUBLIC
GRANT USAGE ON DOMAIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CHARACTER_DATA TO PUBLIC
GRANT DBA TO "Chris"
SET SCHEMA SYSTEM_LOBS
INSERT INTO BLOCKS VALUES(0,2147483647,0)
SET SCHEMA PUBLIC
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES('CHRIS')
这是我的Java类，用于连接数据库（只有一个测试类）：
package jdbc;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
/**
* Dies Klasse liefert eine JDBC Connection zurück
* @author Christian
*
*/
public class JDBCConnector {
private Connection connection;
public JDBCConnector(String url, String user, String password){
try{
Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
if(connection != null){
System.out.println("Verbindung hergestellt");
}
}catch ( ClassNotFoundException e ){
System.err.println("Der Datenbanktreiber konnte nicht geladen werden");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.err.println("Beim Erstellen der Verbindung ist ein Feheler aufgetreten.\n"
+ "Bitte überprüfen Sie die URL, sowie Usernamen und Passwort");
}
}
public Connection getConnection() throws Exception{
if(connection != null){
return connection;
}else{
throw new Exception("Connection == null");
}
}
public String getFirstEntry(){
try {
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER");
String s = "";
while(rs.next()){
s = rs.getString(1);
System.out.println("s: " + s);
}
return s;
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
}
这是JSP文件，调用它来连接数据库：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ page import="jdbc.JDBCConnector" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<% JDBCConnector connector = new JDBCConnector("jdbc:hsqldb:file:/Gefaehrdungsbeurteilung_Full/gefaehrdungsbeurteilung_full/server/db/db", "Chris", "0000");
out.append(connector.getFirstEntry());
%>
</body>
</html>
如果我执行，我会收到以下错误：
Verbindung hergestellt
java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: user lacks privilege or object not found: CUSTOMER
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCStatement.fetchResult(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCStatement.executeQuery(Unknown Source)
at jdbc.JDBCConnector.getFirstEntry(JDBCConnector.java:45)
at org.apache.jsp.gefaehrdungsbeurteilung_005ffull.server.jsp.Access_jsp._jspService(Access_jsp.java:121)
at org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:438)
at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:217)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:673)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: user lacks privilege or object not found: CUSTOMER
at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.readTableName(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.readTableOrSubquery(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadTableReference(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadFromClause(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadTableExpression(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadQuerySpecification(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadSimpleTable(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadQueryPrimary(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadQueryTerm(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadQueryExpressionBody(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.XreadQueryExpression(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.compileCursorSpecification(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compilePart(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compileStatements(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Session.executeDirectStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Session.execute(Unknown Source)
... 31 more
路径必须正确，因为当我添加http://localhost:8080/Gefaehrdungsbeurteilung_Full/gefaehrdungsbeurteilung_full/server/db/db.script时，我会看到脚本文件。在脚本文件中，您会看到客户被声明...
答案 0 :(得分：0)
答案 1 :(得分：0)
jdbc：hsqldb：file：/ Gefaehrdun ...是一个绝对路径，因为它以/开头。如果使用绝对路径，则需要将数据库放在Tomcat之外的确切位置。
如果您使用jdbc：hsqldb：file：Gefaehrdun ...（不是以/开头）它将是相对的，但我不确定它是否与WEB-INF / classes，tomcat / bin或其他相关。你需要进行实验。
答案 2 :(得分：-2)
你应该看一下 H2 。 它很小，可以嵌入。